There are no fewer than 22 tambouring machines in the town; 4 young girls commonly work at each; and gain, by their united labour, about 2 s. the day.

Minerals.-The coal-works carried on at Stonelaw, by Major John Spens, are of long ftanding. There is no account when coals were at first wrought in this place. But from the number of old wastes, the period must be very remote. At present, about 126 perfons are employed in the works. The water is raised by a steam-engine, which, about the year 1776, was erected by Gabriel Grey, Efq; of Scotstown. The coals turned out are of different qualities, but all of them are very good. They are fold on the hill at red. the hutch, weighing 400 lb. but it commonly exceeds that weight; carriage to Glasgow is 4 d. so that a cart load of three hutches, weighing about 13 cwt. is laid down in the street for 3 s. 6d. But two wheeled waggons, containing 6 hutches, are commonly ufed. Some of them that lately were occafionally weighed, contained no less than 33 cwt. of foft coal; which, however, is fpecifically heavier than hard coal. The empty waggon generally weighs about 8 cwt. mounting to 41 cwt. is drawn by a

The whole, a

fingle horse, which Glasgow is diftant

goes to Glasgow three times a day. from Stonelaw 34 miles. Such heavy draughts, drawn by one horse, even for a greater length of road, is not unfrequent in this country. The waggon is generally 2 feet in depth; 3 in breadth; and 5 in length; the wheels are 4 in height; the horses employed are of the Lanarkfhire breed. Their fuperior excellency, after the above mentioned exertion of their strength, to which they are daily accustomed, need not be called in queftion. A confiderable quantity of iron ftone is turned out along with

the

the coal at Stonelaw. It fells at 5 s. 6 d. the ton on the hill; and is delivered at Clyde iron-work for 6 s. 6 d. There are two excellent free-ftone quarries in the parish, which have been wrought for fome hundred years past. The ftones find ready fale in Glasgow and its neighbour

hood.

Public houfes.-Rutherglen is by no means deftitute of grocery shops and public houfes. Of the latter there are no fewer than 26 within the town. Thefe, although more than fufficient for ordinary demands, are not able to accommodate strangers that frequent the fairs. To fupply the deficiency, every inhabitant claims a right, established by immemorial practice, of selling ale and whisky, licence free, during the time of the fairs. This cuftom, which is hurtful neither to the revenues of Government, nor intereft of the community, is profitable to fome induftrious families who inhabit capacious houfes.

Church, Stipend, School, Poor, &c.-The church is a fmall but very ancient ftructure. There is no account when it was built. The conftruction of the pillars and arches, and the ornaments on the capitals, feem to place its date at a more remote distance, than the time when the churches, ornamented with high and clustered pillars, sharp pointed arches, large windows, &c. were built.-The ftipend, including the allowance for communion-elements, is 147 bolls, 14 pecks of vidual; of which, 55 bolls are of oats; 34 of barley; and the reft of oat meal. It is, however, mostly paid in money, according to the market price of the victual. The glebe contains 4 acres, part of which is occupied by the manfe and offices. The Magiftrates and Council, the heritors refiding within the borough, VOL. IX.

B

and

and thirteen pound land thereof; the members of the kirkfeffion, and the tenants of Shawfield, have jointly the right of presentation.-The public school is generally well frequented. The falary is L. 10 Sterling yearly. The stated wages are 2 s. the quarter for English; and 2 s. 6 d. for writing, arithmetic and Latin. There are commonly one or two private schools in the town.-The number of poor in the parish, confidering its population, is not great. There are only 26 on the poor funds: these are to the whole inhabitants nearly in proportion, as I is to 72. They are moftly aged and infirm women. Each receives from 2 s. to 5 s. a-month. There are befides a few indigent families who are occafionally affifted, as the kirkfeffion, to whose care the overfight of the poor is intrusted, fees proper. The funds for answering the above purpofes, are raised from the weekly collections at the church door on fabbaths; from proclamations of marriage, and the annual intereft of a fmall fum, accumulated chiefly by pious donations. Thefe different fources, for there is no poor-tax in the parish, procured to the feffion, from February 1790 to February 1791, the fum of L. 52:13:34. The disbursements, during the fame period, were L. 46, 16 s. Balance added to the flock, L. 5:17: 3. One or two of the poor are allowed to beg within the bounds of the parish but no where else.

Roads and Mill.-There is no part in the country where better roads are to be found. The great turnpike road leading from Glasgow to London, by way of Kilbride, Muirkirk, Dumfries, &c. goes through the town. On this road is a toll-bar, the only one in the parish. The chief line of communication to Glasgow is by Rutherglen bridge, which was, in 1775, thrown over Clyde. It is

not

not burdened by any pontage, being built by a free fubscription, to which the borough contributed nearly L. 1000 Sterling. The only mill in the parish is the town's mill, conftructed for grinding oats, barley and peas. To it are aftricted all the borough lands, at the thirlage of the 40th part of the grana crefcentia, seed and horse corn excepted. The miller is entitled to half a peck for bannock-meal, out of every 6 firlots, grinded at the mill; and the multerer, or millar's fervant, has additional what is equal to the half of the bannock-meal for his fee.

Copies of the charters belonging to the borough; defcriptions and drawings of the pillars in the church; of the spoils of fepulchral tumuli; of vegetable impreffions found in the earth; of bafaltic columns, and of feveral other fubjects of antiquity and natural history, belonging to the parish, are given in Mr Ure's hiftory of Rutherglen and Eaft Kilbride, from which the above account is abftracted.

NUM

NUMBER II.

PARISH OF BUCHANAN,

(COUNTY OF STIRLING, SYNOD OF GLASGOW AND AYR,

PRESBYTERY OF DUNBARTON.)

By the Rev. Mr DAVID MACGIBBON.

Name, Extent, c.

UCHANAN was formerly called Inchcailloch, the

BUCHANAN

name of an island in Lochlomond, where the church was till the year 1621, when a confiderable part of the parish of Lufs, at that time on this fide of the loch, was annexed to the parish of Inchcailloch. Some years after the annexation, the walls of the church in Inchcailloch failing, and the people likewife not finding it convenient every fabbath, especially in ftormy weather, to be croffing over to the island, worship was performed in a church near the houfe of Buchanan, which was originally a Chapel of Ease belonging to the parish of Lufs. From this chapel, which was called the church or chapel of Buchanan, the whole