2: LESSON VI. 1. Of Medicine. IN what does the art of medicine or phyfic confift? A. In the knowledge of fuch diforders as the human body is liable to, and the nature of fuch drugs and medicines as are neceffary to remove them when they happen. And the perfon who poffeffes this skill is called a phyfician. 2. How may this knowledge of the human body be acquired? A. By the help of anatomy. 2. Of Anatomy. 2. What do you mean by anatomy? A. I mean a diffection of the human body, which affords an eafy method of examining all its parts; and to discover what tends either to impair or ftrengthen the constitution. 2. How is medicine divided? A. Into theoretic and practical. The theoretic is employed in contemplating the quality of re medies, medies, or confidering the nature of diseases; the practical discovers, by experience, the particulars of each disease, and applies fuch remedies as are proper to promote a speedy cure. 3. Surgery. 2. What is Surgery? A. Surgery (or chirurgery) is that useful branch of the healing art, which confifts in the manual operations, with proper inftruments, or other external applications, to wounds, bruises, &c. which are no inconfiderable parts of the profeffion; and as its effects are more evident than those of medi cine, it has always been much cultivated. 2. What disorders demand the furgeon's care, and make the fubject of his art? A. ift, All kinds of tumours, or fwellings; zd, ulcers, or running fores; 3d, fiftulas; 4th, inflammations, or ftrumous diforders; 5th, all kinds of wounds; 6th, gangrenes, or mortifications; 7th, dislocations, or disjointed limbs; 8th, fractures, or broken limbs. 2. What are the proper qualifications of a good furgeon? A. A good furgeon ought to be well fkilled in anatomy, medicine, and other parts of learning; a man of great experience, uncommon dexterity, an unshaken courage, and steady hand, a clear fight, quick thought, and of an ingenuous and honeft mind. 4. Of Pharmacy. 2. Inform me what the other part of phyfic called pharmacy is? A. Pharmacy teaches the choice, preparation, and mixture of medicines. This fcience is no more than the profeffion of apothecaries. Pharmacy comes from the Greek word pharmacon, which fignifies a remedy. The book, directing how fuch medicines are to be made, is called a difpenfatory. 5. Of Chemistry. 2. What is Chemistry? A. Another part of medicine that teaches to reduce mixed bodies, fo as to know the parts, to feparate the bad, to collect and refine the good.Chemifts have made discoveries of the highest use to phyficians and furgeons. 5 6. Of 6. Of Botany. 2. What is understood by botany? A. That other part of phyfic which treats of plants, herbs, and vegetables, and describes their nature, kinds, and ufes in medicine, and other affairs of life.-The word botany is derived from the Greek word botane, which fignifies an herb.A book on this fubject is called an herbal; and a profeffor of this art or knowledge is called a botanist, herbalist, or fimpler. 2. Is botany very neceffary to a physician? A. Yes; for it includes the knowledge of all medicinal plants, without which it would be impoffible for him to use any of them, but at a very great hazard of the life of the fick perfon, or, at the leaft, doing him a great injury. LESSON VII. The Languages. 2.WHAT is language? A. Language is a fet or collection of founds or notes made use of by any nation or people to exprefs the ideas of their mind, and by this means to render their thoughts intelligible to each other; and this communication of our sentiments to others is called fpeech, or speaking. 2. Whence comes the great number and diverfity of languages? A. From the building of the Tower of Babel, Genefis, chap. xi. 2. How many original languages, or, as they are commonly called, mother tongues, are there in the world? A. 1. The Hebrew; 2. the Greek; 3. the Latin; 4. the old Gothic. 2. What are the properties of the Hebrew? A. The chief properties of the Hebrew are, ift, That its letters are twenty-two, of which we have a ftatement in the following table. The |