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glad fhould be blotted out by your hand. But this between us.

I am

Among other things I would be glad to talk with you about before I die, is that which you fuggeft at the bottom of the first page of your letter. mightily concerned for the place meant in the queftion you fay you will afk the author of the treatife you mention, and with extremely well to it; and would be very glad to be informed by you what would be beft for it, and debate with you the ways to compofe it. Bat this cannot be done by letters; the fubject is of too great extent, the views too large, and the particulars too many to be fo managed. Come therefore yourfelf, and come as well prepared in that matter as you can. But if you talk with others on that point there, mention not me to any body on that fubject; only let you and I try what good we can do for those whom we with well to. Great things have fometimes been brought about from finall beginnings well laid together.

Pray prefent my most humble fervice to your brother: I should be glad of an Opportunity to do him fome fervice. That which he thanks me for, in my care about his difcourfe concerning the Chafers, was a fervice to the public, and he owes me no thanks for it. I am, dear Sir, your faithful and moft humble fervant.

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Mr. Molyneux to Mr. Locke.

Dublin, Sept. 20th, 1698.

Honoured dear Sir, ARRIVED here fafely the 15th inftant; and now that the ruffling and fatigue of my journey is a little over, I fit down to a task, which I must confefs is the hardest I was ever under in my life; I mean, expreffing my thanks to you fuitable to the favours 1 received from you, and fuitable to the inward fenfe I have of them in my mind. Were it poffible for me to do either, I fhould in fome mea

fure be satisfied; but my inability of paying my debts, makes me afhamed to appear before my creditor. However, thus much with the fricteft fincerity I will venture to affert to you, that I cannot recollect, through the whole courfe of my life, such signal inflances of real friendhip, as when I had the happiness of your

company for five weeks together in Lon don. It is with the greatest fatisfaction imaginable that I recollect what then paffed between us, and I reckon it the happieft fcene of my whole life. That part thereof efpecially which I paffed at Oates, has made fuch an agreeable imprefion on my mind, that nothing can be more pleafing. To all in that excellent family, I befeech you give my most humble refpects. It is my duty to make my acknowledgments there in a particular letter; but I beg of you to make my excufe for omitting it at this time, becaufe I am a little preffed by fome bufinefs that is thrown upon me fince my arrival; to which alfo you are obliged for not being troubled at prefent with a more tedious letter from, Sir, your moft obliged, and entirely affectionate friend and fervant.

LETTER LX. Mr. Locke to Mr. Molyneux. Dear Sir, London, Sept. 20th, 1698. YOURS of the 20th has now discharged

me from my daily employment of locking upon the weathercock, and hearkening how loud the wind blowed. Though I do not like this distance, and fuch a ditch betwixt us, yet I am glad to hear that you are fafe and found on the other fide the water. But pray you freak not in fo magnificent and courtly a ftyle of what you received from me here. I lived with you and treated you as my friend, and therefore ufcd no ceremony, nor can receive any thanks but what I owe you doubly, both for your company, and the pains you were at to bettow that hap pinefs on me. If you keep your word, and do me the fame kindness again next year, I fhall have reafon to think you va lue me more than you fay, though you fay more than I can with modeity read.

I find you were befet with bufiness when you wrote your letter to me, and do not wonder at it; but yet for all that I cannot forgive your filence concerning your health, and your fon. My fervice to him, your brother, and Mr. Burridge; and do me the juftice to believe that I am, with a perfect affection, dear Sir, your most humble and moft faithful fervant.

Sect. III.

Sir,

LETTER LXI.

Mr. Locke to Mr. Burridge.

Oates, O&. 27th, 1698.

ou gueffed not amifs when you faid in

land fo long time fince; and I affure you,
without any compliment, I reckon it
amongst the most fortunate accidents of
my life my fo luckily falling into "your
converfation, which was fo candid, di-
verting, and inftructive, that I ftill reap

Y the beginning of yours of the 13th the benefit and fatisfaction of it. Soap

yours.

infant, that you gave me the trouble of a letter; for I have received few letters in my life the contents whereof have fo much troubled and afflicted me as that of I parted with my excellent friend, when he went from England, with all the hopes and promifes to myfelf of feeing him again, and enjoying him lenger in the next fpring. This was a fatisfaction that helped me to bear our feparation; and the short tafte I had of him here, in this our first interview, I hoped would be made up in a longer converfation, which he promised me the next time: but it has ferved only to give me a greater fenfe of my lofs in an eternal farewel in this world. Your earlier acquaintance may have given you a longer knowledge of his virtue and excellent endowments; a fuller fight, or greater efteem of them, you could not have than I. His worth and his friendship to me made him an ineftimable treasure; which I muft regret the lots of the little remainder of my life, without any hopes of repairing it any way. I should be glad if what I owed the father could enable me to do any fervice to his fon. He deferves it for his own fake (his father has more than once talked to me of him) as well as for his father's. I defire you therefore to affure thofe who have the care of him, that if there be any thing wherein I at this difance may be any way ferviceable to young Mr. Molyneux, they cannot do me a greater pleafore than to give me the opportunity to how that my friendflip died not with tim.

Pray give my mot bumble service to Dr. Molyneux, and to his nephew. I faithful and humble am, Sir, J027 fervant.

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years after I left you in Holland, upon
my return for England, I contracted no
fmall intimacy with Dr. Sydenham, on
the account of having been known to you
his much efteemed friend; and I found
him fo accurate an obferver of difeafes,
fo thoroughly skilled in all useful know-
ledge of his profeffion, and withal fo
communicative, that his acquaintance was
a very great advantage to me: and all
this I chiefly owe to you, Sir, befides the
information of many ufeful truths, and a
great deal of very pleafing entertainment
I have met with, in the perufal of your
lately published writings: fo that on
many accounts I must needs say there are
very few men in the world, to whom I
can with the like fincerity profess myself
to be, as I am, dear Sir, your most real
friend, and very humble and obliged
fervant.

LETTER LXIIL
From the fame to the fame.

has

Sir, Dublin, Dec. 20th, 1692. have AM much concerned to hear you I your health no better; and, on this occafion, cannot but deplore the great loffes the intellectual world in all ages feffered by the frongest and foundet minds poffeffing the moft infrm and fickly bodies. Certainly there ma be fome very powerral caufe for this in nature, or elfe we could not have fo many inftances where the knife cuts the fheath, as the French materially expreít it: and if fo, this must be reckoned among the many other infeparable miferies that attend human affairs.

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ftitution was owing to that ftrength of mind you afcribe to me, or accompanied with it, I fhould find therein, if not a remedy, yet a great relief against the infirmities of my body. However, I am not the lefs obliged to you for fo friendly an application; and if the cordial you prefcribe be not to be had (for I know none equal to a judicious and capacious mind), your kindness is not to be blamed, who I am confident with me that fatiffaction, or any thing elfe that could contribute to my health.

Sir,

LETTER LXV.
Dr. Molyneux to Mr. Locke.

Dublin, Nov. 4th, 1693. OR a-while I deferred making any reFor turn for the favour of your last letter, on the account I understood by one of yours to my brother, that I was fuddenly to expect another obligation from you, by the receipt of your Treatife of Education, which yesterday firit came to my hands; and now I return you my hearty thanks for both your kindneffes together, of which, fhould I exprefs the real thoughts I have, I fhould feem to run either into extravagant compliment, or grofs flattery: but thus much I must needs fay, that as your letter certainly contains, in fhort, the only true method for the profccuting the curing part of the practice of phyfic, and the fure way of improving it; a matter of the chiefeft good in relation to men's bodies; fo your Book of Education lays down fuch rules for the breeding of youth, as if followed muft neceffarily prove of the greatest advantage to the better part of man, the mind; by infenfibly difpofing it to an habitual exercife of what is virtuous and laudable, and the acquifition of all fuch knowledge as is neceffary for one's own good, or that of others whom we are to converfe with. Whence I cannot but think, had thofe of our own countries but a thorough perfuafion, and a right fenfe of the great benefit that redounds from a careful education, fo as univerfally to put it in practice, without question we fhould foon become a nation as remarkably different from the reft of the world for the inward endowments of our minds, and the rectitude of our manners, as the negroes are from the reft of mankind for

their outward fhape and colour of body. But this I fear is a happiness only to be wifhed for; however, he that makes it his endeavour to promote fo great a good, by fhewing the certain way to it, if they would follow him, juftly deferves the high esteem of all that know how to va lue a truly public fpirit.

I hope, Sir, you have your health better, and that we may fuddenly have abroad your Eifay of Human Underftanding, with thofe farther additions and alterations you have fome while fince defigned for the prefs: I am confident it is impatiently expected by all that are acquainted with your writings, and that pe culiar clear manner of delivering truth you are fo much mafter of, but by none more than, Sir, your most faithful humble fervant.

I

LETTER LXVI.
From the fame to the fame.

Sir, Dublin, October 25th, 1697. SHOULD oftener make acknowledg ments to you for your favours, and exprefs the great efteem I bear you, but that this barren place affords little elfe to fay; and this I cannot think reafon enough to trouble one fo bufy and ufefully engaged as you always are. Yet I would not omit thanking you, by this worthy gentleman Mr. Berrisford, your acquaintance, for a prefent of a book I understand by my brother you defigned for me, though 1 was fo unlucky as to mifs of it; and alfo communicate to you the inclcfed letter, which the Bishop of Clogher was pleafed (perhaps out of his too partial friendship), to tell me deferved to be made public, and defired me accordingly to tranfmit it to Dr. Sloane: but this I would not do, unless it have your approbation alfo; fo that it is wholly at your difpofal to do with it as you please, as is likewife, Sir, your very affectionate friend, and humble fervant.

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all the confolation can be given to one unexpectedly bereft of fo worthy and near a relation. Whatever inclination I may have to alleviate your forrow, I bear too great a fhare in the lofs, and am too fenfibly touched with it myself, to be in a condition to difcourfe you on this fubject, or do any thing but mingle my tears with yours. I have loft in your brother, not only an ingenious and learned acquaintance, that all the world esteemed; but an intimate and fincere friend, whom I truly loved, and by whom I was truly loved and what a lofs that is, thofe only can be fenfible who know how valuable and how scarce a true friend is, and how far to be preferred to all other forts of treasure. He has left a fon who I know was dear to him, and deferved to be fo as much as was poffible for one of his age. I cannot think myfelf wholly inca. pacitated from paying fome of the affection and fervice was due from me to my dear friend, as long as he has a child er a brother in the world. If therefore there be any thing at this distance whereEl in my little sphere may be able to ferve your nephew or you, I beg you, by the memory of our deceafed friend, to. let me know it; that you may fee, that coewno loved him to well cannot but be trderly conserved for his for, nor be Czerwile than I am, Sir, your m of humMe and moé affectionate fervant,

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an impreffion on me, whofe profe fion leads into fo thorough a familiarity with it; but I find a paífionate affection furmounts all this, and the tecum obcam lubens, though it was the expresion of a poet, yet I am fenfible was a very naturalone where we love extremely, and the Indians prove it no lefs in fact. Could any outward circumftance of his life have increafed that brotherly affection I had for him, it must have been that he had fo great a part in your friendfhip, who must be allowed to have a nice judgment in difcerning the true characters and. worth of men. He frequently in his life-time has expreffed to me with great complacency of mind, how happy he thought himself in your acquaintance, and he fpoke of you feveral times during his fhort fickness, with great respect, With his own hand he has writ this claufe in his will: "I give and bequeath to my "excellent friend John Locke, Esquire, "author of the Eifay concerning Human "Understanding, the fum of five pour da "to buy him a ring, in memory of the "value and efteem I had for him." This I fhali take care to fend you in a bil by Mr. Churchill's hands, when he fates the account as it fads between him and my brother. The only child he has left behind him, is under ry care and management. I fall endeavour to dl charge tris truk, with 2lt sag 14 % my broter's memory, and the duvaltaze of his c I can: bar is geves me to think that i muå forely for my much fort of wat extraordinary way. cation and prudence as father woli have fhews in his education; for se ne is the chiefet, and kind the y Lab of B's life. i lave r

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ocher pieces of your works as you shall thias ft; for all which, as I have a great esteem, fo I should have a more particular regard, coming from yourfelf, as a private memorial of my dear brother's friend, and of a perfon for whom I have foch an extraordinary value; as I thall ever be proud of owning myself, Sir, your truly affectionate and humble fer

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LETTER LXIX.
Mr. Locke to Dr. Molyneux.

Oates, 25th January, 1698-9. HAVE been flower in returning you my thanks for the favour of your letter of the 26th of November, and the civilities you exprefs to me in it, than perhaps I should have been. But the truth is, my thoughts never look towards Deblin now, without cafting fuch a cloud upon my mind, and laying fuch a load of freth forrow on me for the lofs of my dear friend, your brother, that I cannot without difpleafure turn them that way; and when I do it, I find myself very unfit for converfation and the entertainment of a friend. It is therefore not without pain that I bring myfelf to write you a fcurvy letter. What there wants in it of expreflion, you must make up out of the esteem I have for the memory of our common friend; and I defire you not to think my refpects to you the lefs, because the lofs of your brother makes me not able to speak them as I would.

Since you are pleafed to put fuch a value on my trifles, I have given order to Mr. Churchill to fend you my last reply to the bishop of Worcester, and the last edition of my Treatise of Education, which came forth fince Mr. Molyneux's death. I fend this with the more confidence to you, becaufe your brother told me more than once, that he followed the method I therein offer to the world, in the breeding of his fon. I wish you may find it fit to be continued to him, and ufeful to you in his education; for I cannot but be mightily concerned for the fon of fuch a father, and with that he may grow up into that eiteem and character which his father left behind him amongst all good men who knew him. As for my Elay concerning Human Understanding, it is now

out of print; and if it were not, I think I should make you but an ill compliment in fending it you lefs perfect than I defign it fhould be in the next edition, in which I fhall make many additions to it: and when it is as perfect as I can make it, I know not whether in fending it you I fhall not load you with a troublesome and ufelefs prefent. But fince by defiring it you feem to promife me your ac ceptance, I fhall as foon as it is reprinted take the liberty to thruft it into your ftudy. I am, Sir, your most humble and faithful fervant.

I

LETTER LXX.
From Lord Shaftesbury * to

Feb. 24th, 1706-7. ACCEPT kindly the offer of your correfpondence, and chiefly as it comes from you with heartiness, and (the best of characters) fimplicity. When this dif pofition of heart attends our fearches into learning and philofophy, we need not fear being "vainly puffed up," or falling into that falfe way of wisdom, which the fcripture calls "vain philofo

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phy." When the improvement of our minds, and the advancement of our reafon, is all we aim at; and this only to fit us for a perfecter, more rational, and worthier fervice of God; we can have no fcruples whether or no the work be an acceptable one to him. But where neither our duty to mankind, nor obedience to our Creator, is any way the end or object of our ftudies or exercifes, be they ever fo curious or exquifite, they may be juftiy ftyled "vain" and often the vainer, for carrying with them the falle fhew of excellence and fuperiority.

On this account, though there be no part of learning more advantageous even towards divinity than logics, metaphy fics, and what we call univerfity-learning; yet nothing proves more dangerous to young minds unforewarned, or, what is worle, prepoffeffed, with the excellency of fuch learning; as if all wifdom lay in the folution of thofe riddles of the fchool-men, who, in the last ages of the church, found out an effectual way to defiroy religion by philofophy, and render

* Thefe letters were written before the Charac terifics, which were first published 1711.

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