II., emperor of Germany,
defeats the elector palatine, king of
Bohemia, at Prague, the thirty years'
war, ii. 451; death of, 452.

III., of Germany, ii. 452.
king of Hungary and Bohe-
mia, ii. 280, 285; succeeds to the
empire of Germany, 287.

of Arragon, and Isabella,
ii. 215; state of Spain on their acces-
sion, 318; gain possession of an em-
pire in America, 304, 313.
Ferrara, duke of, ii. 282.

Fine arts, their affinity, i. 224; superi-
ority of Greece acknowledged by
Rome, 225.

Fire-worship, i. 121.

Flamininus, T. Quinctius, conquers
Greece, i. 211.
Flodden, the field of, ii. 237.
Floridas, the, ii. 316.
Fohi, ii. 354.

Formosus, pope, ii. 99, 101.

France-the Gauls attack Rome, i. 347,
348, 349; they are conquered by C.
J. Cæsar, 404; customs and religion,
ii. 34, 64; age of Clovis and the
Frank monarchs, 36, 46; Frank laws,
45; the Frank monarchy, 56, 68;
Pharamond, 56; the Merovingian
race, 56; Clovis embraces Christian-
ity, 57; division of the monarchy,
Dagobert, Sigibert, Clovis II., and
the Mayors of the Palace, 58; Pepin
d'Heristal, 58; Charles Martel, 58;
Chilperic, 58; Saracens destroyed,
59; king Pepin, 59; Carloman, 59;
Frank customs, 59; the Carlovin-
gian dynasty, 60; the Champ de
Mars, 61; Pepin succeeded by
Charlemagne, 70; manners, 61;
Salic laws, 62; system of cli-
entela and patrons, 64; the feu-
dal system, 64, 69; conquests of
Charlemagne, 70; crowned emperor
of the West, 73; Louis le Débon-

naire, 74, 88; manners of the age of
Charlemagne, 78; customs, 80; Lou-
is, king of Bavaria, 86, 88; Charles
le Chauve, 87; hereditary peers, 89;
their castles, 89; Norman invasions,
89; Charles le Gros, 90, 99; Eudes
or Odo, 91; the dukes of Normandy,
112, 113; William's conquest of Eng-
land, 116; duke Robert, his eldest
son, 132, 135; Hugh Capet founds a
new dynasty, 122; the good king
Robert, 123; Philippe the First ex-
communicated, 123; interests of Ar-
thur of Brittany aided by Philippe
Auguste, who invades England, 143,
146; the French crusaders under
Louis VII., 159; reigns of Philippe
le Bel and Philippe le Long, 177;
the Knights Templars persecuted,
179; battle of Cressy, king Charles
le Bel, 197; king John taken by
the Black Prince at Poictiers, 199;
this king's good faith, 199; Charles
le Sage, 199; Charles VI., 203;
Henry V. of England is declared
regent at Paris, 205; Charles VII.
recovers his kingdom by the aid of
Joan of Arc, 206; the dukes of Brit-
tany and Burgundy, 213; Louis XI.,
tyrannical reign of, 213; Charles
VIII. marches into Italy and takes
Naples, 215; his return to France,
215; reign of Louis XII., 220; Fran-
cis I., 243, 281; Henry II., 362;
Francis II. espouses Mary queen of
Scots, 373; civil wars, the dukes of
Guise, 373; Charles IX., 373; mas-
sacre of the Huguenots, 375; Henry
III. 376; assassinated, 377; Henri
le Grand, 377; his death, 381; Louis
XIII., 442; Richelieu, 443; reign
of Louis XIV., 453; revocation of
the edict of Nantes, 462; death of
Louis, 468; the constitution of the
ancient monarchy, 469; poets of
France, 494.

Francis I. of France, ii. 277; interview
with Henry VIII., 279; taken pris-
oner by Charles V., 281; league with
Soliman, 282.

II. of France, ii: 372.
Franks, i. 10; cruelty exercised against
the, 509; their power, ii. 45.
Frederic, duke of Saxony, rejects the
empire of Germany, ii. 278; taken
prisoner by Charles V. in the battle
of Mulberg, 286; anecdote, 286,
protection to Luther, 292; Frederic
II., emperor of Germany, 151.
Fronde, the, faction in France, ii. 454.
Furce Caudinæ, Roman disgrace, a
the, i. 353.

Gainas, the Goth, ii. 14.
Galba, emperor, i. 488.

190.

203.

II., king of England, ii. 138;

III. of England, ii. 151, 184.
IV. of England, ii. 202; death,

V. of England, successful wars
in France, ii. 204, 205.

VI. of England, ii. 205; marries
Margaret of Anjou, 223; opposed by
Richard, duke of York, origin of the
factions of the White and Red Roses,
224; defeat of Margaret, 225; the
king imprisoned, 225; his queen vic-
torious, 225; defeated at Towton,
225; Henry dethroned, 226; restor-
ed by the earl of Warwick, 226;
death of the earl, 226; death of
prince Edward, 227; the deposed
king is murdered by Richard of Glou-
cester, 227.

VII. defeats and slays king
Richard III., ii. 228. his union with
the heiress of York, and his wise
government, 228.

VIII. of England, the affair of
Guienne, ii. 233; gives his sister
Mary in marriage to Louis XII. of
France, 223; takes part with Charles
V., 279; league with Francis, and
war with Charles, 281; refutation of
Luther, 293; affairs of religion, 300

et seq.

59

II. of France, ii. 286, 372.
III. of France, ii. 376.
IV. of France, ii. 377; gains
the battles of Arques and Ivry, 378;
peace of Vervins, 379.

176.

VOL. II.

Heptarchy, or Saxon Kingdoms in
Britain, ii. 19, 106.
Heracleidæ, return of the, i. 72, 80, 85.
Heraclius reigns at Constantinople, ii.
26.

Heraclitus, doctrines of, i. 266.
Herculaneum, paintings in, i. 233.
Hercules, history of, i. 79.

-, son of Alexander, i. 195; death
of, 204.

Herod the tetrarch, i. 492.
Herodotus, the history of, i. 252.
Heroes and demigods, i. 30.
Hesiod, poems of, i. 59, 241.
Hiero, king of Syracuse, i. 267.
Hieroglyphics, use of, i. 26, 29.
Hilderic dethroned by Gelimer the
Vandal, ii. 24.

Hindoos, account of the, ii. 333, 335.
Hipparchus, son of Pisistratus, i. 110
death, 111.

Hippias rules at Athens, i. 111; ex-
pelled, 111; repairs to Darius, 112,
127.

Hispaniola, or St. Domingo, ii. 305, 308.
Historians of Greece, account of the, i.
252.

History, Universal, the author's plan, i.
1 et seq.
History elucidated by tumuli, cairns,
stones, or columns, i. 27.
Holbein, Hans, paintings of, ii. 324.
Homer, his perfection of language, i.
59, 65; poem ascribed to, 76, 238,
240.

Horace, opinion upon, i. 435.
Horatii and Cuiratii, mortal contest of
the, i. 294.

Horatius Cocles, heroism of, i. 311.
Roman consul, i. 338, 339.
Hottentots, drawings found in their
caves, i. 26.

Huguenots persecuted by Louis XIV.,
their churches destroyed, ii. 462.
Hungarians, their wars, ii. 100.
Huns, the, invade the Roman Empire
ii. 13; under Attila, 18.
Huss, John, ii. 183, 293.

James I. of Scotland, his education
while detained a prisoner in England,
ii. 232; murdered in a convent near
Perth, 233; his poem of "Christ
Kirk of the Green," 250.

II. stabs William, earl of Doug.
las, ii. 234; killed at the siege of
Roxburgh by the bursting of a can
non, 235.

III., his quarrels with his nobles,
ii. 235; his death when flying from
his son, 236.

IV., ii. 237; killed in the battle
of Flodden, 237.

V., king of Scotland defeated by
the English, ii. 240.

John, king of France, taken prisoner by
the Black Prince, ii. 199.

king of England, ii. 145.
Cassimer, king of Poland, abdica-
tion, ii. 456.

of Austria, Don, defeats the Turks
at Lepanto, ii. 329.

duke of Braganza, king of Portu
gal, ii. 448.

VIII., pope, ii. 96.
XXII., the pope, ii. 182.
XXIII., the pope, ii. 183.

Ionia, i. 127.

Ionian cities, i. 81.

Jomsburgers, courage of the, ii. 31
Ionic dialect, i. 240.

Joseph, emperor of Germany, ii. 466.

335.

Jehoiakim, king, i. 114.
Jerome of Prague, ii. 184.
Jerusalem, conquest by Nebuchadnez-
zar, i. 115; it is besieged by the
Romans, 492; city and temple de-
stroyed by Titus, 492; it is rebuilt
under the name of Elia Capitolina,
497; the modern town is taken by
Abubeker, the caliph, ii. 54; the
Crusades under Richard Cœur de
Lion and Godfrey, king of Jerusalem,
144, 154; the city taken by the
Christians, 158.

Jews, their early history, i. 4.
Jewish laws, i. 22, 23.

Iliad, supposition respecting the, i. 62.
Inachus, i. 49.

India, or Hindostan, historical notice of,
ii. 333; Darius Hystaspes, i. 117; ii.
333; Alexander the Great, 334; au-
thority of Seleucus in India, 334; its
commerce possessed by the Egyp-
tians, 334; the Mahometan invaders,
335; the Mogul empire, 335; Au-
rengzebe, 335; Tamerlane, 336; the
Gentoos or Hindoos, 336; religion of
Brama, 336; castes, 336; customs,
337; commerce of the ancients with,
334.

English empire in, established by
the East India Company of Mer-
chants, ii. 337.

Indus, the river, ii. 336.

Inheritance and division of estates, i.
24.

Innocent II., the pope, ii. 136.

III., the pope, receives from
John of England his kingdom, and
restores it, ii. 147, 174.

IV., the pope, ii. 175.

Joshua, wars of, i. 21..
Ipsus, battle of, i. 205.

Ireland, account of the nation, of its
princes, and its conquests by Henry
II. and Strongbow, earl of Pembroke,
ii. 141 et seq.; the Danes, 141; the
great rebellion, 404.

Irene, reign and exile of the empress,
ii. 72..

Ishmaelites, descended from Abraham
and Hagar, ii. 54.
Isis, i. 68.

Isis and Oziris, i. 18.

Isabella of Castile, her marriage with
Ferdinand of Arragon, ii. 215, 218.
Issus, battle of, i. 182.

Italian sect of philosophy, ii. 265.
Italy, kingdom of Odoacer the Heruli
an, ii. 20; of Theodoric the Ostro-
goth, 22; Athalaric-Theodatus
Belisarius takes Rome, 24; Totila
captures and rebuilds Rome, 25; gov-
erned by Narses, 25; kingdom of the
Lombards, 60, 72; Charlemagne,
emperor of Rome, 73; Bernard, king
of Italy, 74; Louis and Lotharius,
emperors of the West, 86, 89; Ar-
nold, or Arnulf, 99; Lewis is suc-
ceeded by the emperor Conrad, 100
(for the emperors, vide Germany);
Otho the Great deposes pope John
XII., 101; state of Rome, 153; cities
of Genoa, Venice, and Pisa, 166;
state of Italy, 214; invasions of the
French, 215.

Juba, king of Mauritania, i. 411, 412.
Judea, Nebuchadnezzar's conquest of,
i. 412.

Jugurtha, wars of, i. 389.

Julian the apostate, i. 517; ii. 7.
Julius II., pope, ii. 221, 253, 300, 492.

296, 351.

Justin, reign of, ii. 25.

Justinian, character of, ii. 24; his wars
in Italy, 24, 25; his code and pan-
dects, 43