Jesus went about doing good and healing the sick. Matt. iv, 23-24. Joseph's people had to come to him for their temporal food.

xlii, 3-10.

Gen.

Jesus' people all have to come to Him for their spiritual food. John vi, 48-51.

Joseph knew his brethen; they did not know him. Gen. xlii, 8.
Jesus knew His disciples; they did not know Him. Luke 16-24.
Joseph gave to his people freely, without money or price. Gen. xlii, 25.
Jesus gave to his people freely, without money and without price.
Isa, lv, I.

Joseph's brethren all had to bow down to him. Gen. xlii, 6.
Jesus' people all have to bow to Him. Phil. ii, 10.

Joseph was one of twelve brethren, the Patriarchs. Gen. xlii.
Jesus had His twelve disciples, the Apostles. Matt. x, ii.

Joseph made himself known to his brethen after they supposed him dead. Gen. xlv, 1.

Jesus made Himself known to His disciples after they had seen Him laid in the tomb. Luke xxiv, 36-40.

Joseph said to them, "I am Joseph your brother, whom ye sold into Egypt." Gen. xlv, 4.

Jesus said to His disciples, "It is I, myself; handle me and see." Luke xxiv, 39.

Joseph forgave his brethren their trespasses. Gen. xlv, 3-8.

Jesus forgave His people their sins. Matt. ix, 2-6.

Joseph had a beloved brother, Benjamin. Gen. xliii, 29-30.
Jesus had a beloved disciple, John. John xiii, 23.
Joseph wept over his brethren. Gen. xlv, 15.

Jesus wept over His people. Luke xix, 31.

Gen. xliii, 16

Gen. xlvi, 30.
Matt. xvi, 19.

Joseph dined with his twelve brethren, he the twelfth.
Jesus supped with his twelve Apostles. John xiii, 14.
Joseph loved his father and nourished him. John xlvii, 11-12.
Jesus loved His Father and obeyed Him. John xv, 10.
Joseph was blest by his father. Gen. xlix, 22-26.
Jesus was blest by His Father. John iii, 35.
Joseph's father received his son as from the dead.
Jesus' Father received His Son from the dead.
Joseph had been a man of sorrow in the pit. Gen. xlii, 21.
Jesus was a man of sorrow in the garden. Isa. liii, 3; Luke xxii, 44.
Joseph's garments had been stained with blood.
Gen. xxxvii, 31.
Jesus' garments were stained with blood. John xix, 33.
Joseph's life seems to be without blemish.
Jesus' life was without blemish.
Joseph was clothed in fine linen.
Jesus was wrapped in fine linen.
Joseph's bones were raised from
earthly Canaan. Gen. 1, 25.

Gen. xxxix, 2 6.

I Pet. ii, 22.
Gen. xli, 42.
Matt. xxvii, 59.

the grave and carried up to the

Jesus arose from the grave, and was carried up to the heavenly Can aan. Luke xxiv, 51.

Joseph was raised from the prison to a post of honor and power Gen. xli, 40-43.

Jesus was raised from the grave and crowned with glory and honor Heb. ii, 9.

Jesus' earthly or reputed father's name was Joseph. Matt. 1, 18. The man who begged the body of Jesus and laid it in his own tomb was named Joseph. Matt. xxvii, 57-60.

When Simeon saw the young child, Jesus, he said, "Now let me die, or depart in peace." Luke ii, 29.

When old Jacob saw his son Joseph, he said, "Now let me die, since thou art yet alive." Gen. xlvi, 30.-F. E. C., in Watchman and Reflector.

THREE WISE MEN. A correspondent, over the nom de plume of MASON," asks some questions for information as to several degrees, the divisions of Masonry, and so on. Masonry is divided differently in different countries. In the United States, we have Symbolic, Capitular, Cryptic, and Chivalric Masonry. The Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite is divided into five bodies, namely Lodge of Perfection, 1° to 14° ; Council of Princes of Jerusalem, 15° to 16°; Chapter of Rose Croix, 17° 18°; Council of Kadosh, 19° 30°; Grand Consistory, 21° to 32°. Supreme Council, 33°. We advise this correspondent to procure the following books and read up on Masonry.

"Moore's New MasonicTrestle-Board," Parts I and II. By Charles W. Moore. Boston, 1856.

"Cryptic Masonry, a Manual of the Council," by Albert G. Mackey. New York, 1874.

"Monitor of the Ancient and Accepted Rite." By E. T. Carson. Cincinnati, 1858.

"The Templars' Chart, containing Thirty Ineffable Degrees." By Jeremy L. Cross. New York, 1853.

"The Shibboleth; A Templar Monitor." By George C. Connor. Nashville, Tenn., 1893.

He should read the biblical history of King Solomon and his temple; Moses and the tabernacle. Also read I Esdras, chapters i and ii.

66

ORMSBY MCKNIGHT MITCHEL. In reply to ALICE" we will say that the surname of the astronomer Mitchel is spelled with one "1" (XIV, p. 8). Several of the modern scientific works spell the name with double 1, among them are "Origin of the Stars," by Jacob Ennis.

Corpuscular and Undulatory Theories.

Since the days of Newton, until very recently, scientists have been divided, in regard to the manner in which light is transmitted through space. Two theories were propounded; one called the Corpuscular, the other, the Undulatory. The former assumes that light consists of extremely minute particles or corpuscles, projected from luminous bodies, with immense velocity; that such particles impinge upon the optic nerve and produce the sensation of seeing. The Undulatory theory claims that all space is occupied with a substance hypothetically called Ether, extremely rarified and elastic in its nature; that the molecules of luminous bodies, being themselves in a constant state of tremulous agitation, impart the same to the adjoining molecules of ether; that this jar or vibration is transmitted from molecule to molecule, forming a wave; that the displacements of the molecules in a wave are not that of extension from and compression toward the point of their origin, but in circular forms, whose planes are transverse or perpendicular to the line of motion of the wave; that the wave thus formed travels through the ethereal space with the immense velocity of 185,420 miles per second, which is over 660 thousand times swifter than the tidal wave of the ocean, and over 820 thousand times the velocity of longitudinal sound-waves. It is still further assumed that a white luminous body forms a continuous succession of mixed waves, varying in length, from 37,640 to 59,750 waves in one inch; that the longer waves are formed more slowly that the shorter ones, but travel with the same velocity; that only 468 million of millions of the longer waves are successively originated in one second; while 727 millions of millions of the shorter ones are formed in the same time. It is also assumed that the variations of color are merely variations of wave-lengths, and the rapidity with which they are formed.

2. The Corpuscular theory is now generally discarded; it is found to be insufficient to account for many phenomena exhibited by light. The Undulatory theory, when examined by the aid of mathematical analyses, renders a sufficient cause for nearly all the curious and complicated exhibitions, so wonderfully and universally manifested by the immense ocean of ethereal substance. Those outstanding phenomena not yet brought within the domain of analytical investigation, will undoubtedly yield, one by one, as research, in the exact sciences shall be extended.

3. In my future investigations, I shall adopt the theory of univer sal ether with two great and important modifications, namely:

I. That the ethereal matter, like all other matter, is subject to Gravity.

II. That the ethereal matter, like all other matter, possesses the quality of Resisting and being Resisted.

It has been almost universally assumed, without any substantial evidence, that the ethereal substance has no gravitation; that it is uniformly distributed throughout space; and that it manifests no resistance to moving bodies, revolving in or passing through it. In support of these assumptions, it is urged that, if the ethereal medium were possessed of gravity, it would collect in greater density around all stellar and planetay bodies, leaving the intermediate spaces in a comparatively rarified condition; that it would necessarily resist all moving bodies in their orbits, bending them into curves of an inward spiral form, approaching nearer and nearer to the great central masses, around which they respectively revolve; and that it would fi nally plunge the whole universe into irretrievable ruin. Such, undoubtedly, would be the consequences, if there were no antagonistic propelling force, to counteract or balance the resisting force.

5. A non-resisting substance is philosophically inconceivable. That which is non-resisting, when uniformly distributed, cannot possibly manifest resistance, when its particles are condensed to any assignable degree. If all the ethereal substance of nature were collected into one cubic mile, all other snbstance, by this vague hypothesis, would pass through it without the least resistance, as if the space were an absolute vacuum. Such an assumption, however unpopular, is unworthy a place in the annals of philosophy.

6. The observed decrease in the periodic times of Encke's comet, has, in some small degree, dissipated the idea that the ethereal medium is a non resisting substance. Scientists are beginning to abandon, though reluctantly, this most unphilosophical and inconceivable notion. But it is difficult to free the human mind, at once, from popular traditional errors. It requires time to discipline and accustom the intellect to new fields of research. Consequently, there are some, even now, who cling with great tenacity to the absurd conjectures of former times, as though age had sanctified them, and made them true. Science, however, in its accelerated and triumphal march, cannot afford to wait for those timid, sluggish followers. "What is truth," is the inspiring watchword of the age; it animates the bosom and is on the tongue of every lover of intellectual progress. Orson Pratt, Sen.

VANITY FAIR. Vanity Fair was a fair established by Beelzebub, Apollyon, and Legion, for the sale of earthly "vanities," creature comforts, honors, decorations, carnal delights. It was held in Vanity town and lasted all the year round. Christian and Faithful had to pass through the town, which they denounced, and were consequently arrested, beaten, and put into a cage. Next day, being taken before justice Hate-good, Faithful was condemned to be burnt alive.-Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress.

AMULETS. There is an amulet against the plague still current in Germany, engraved as follows, on a thin silver plate :

The numerals added together, upward, across, or diagonally, give the sum 34; though why that number should have any special virtue is beyond our explanation. This tablet appears suspended over the head of Melancholy in A. Durer's famous engraving, which would seem to be a proof of its importance in his day. What it did there had long been a puzzle to many who had observed it. It virtues are set forth in a little tract " On Amulets," by J. Kerner.

TALISMANS. There are some peculiar derivations about words. Although the words talisman and amulet are usually confounded together, their proper meanings are entirely distinct. Talisman is but the corruption on the Arabian tongue of the Greek Apotelesma, the influence of a planet or sign upon the native. Hence, astrology is called Apotelesmatike. The influence of every degree in each sign was typified by a fantastic figure, or group, painted in the table of Myriogeneses. Hence, by natural transition the symbol itself usurped the name Apotelesma of the idea it was intended to portray. A talisman was therefore necessarily a sigil engraved in stone or metal. The talisman served both to procure love, and to avert mischief from its posThe latter alone was the object of the Amuletum, a word derived from amolior," to do away with," or 66 to baffle."

sessor.