The King of Hearts called for the tarts As [= when] I was going to St. Ives, I met a man with seven wives. The man in the moon Came down too soon. There was a man of our town, And he was wondrous wise. I like little Pussy, Her coat is so warm. Bun replied, "You are doubtless very big." But we steadfastly gazed on the face that was dead, I do remember well where I should be, Make sentences containing the following Adverbs : Here. There. Hither. Hence. Lately. Often. Before. Once. Now. Soon. Seldom. Little. Scarcely. Much. Very. Not. Truly. Certainly. Thrice. Surely. Quickly. Bravely. Softly. Rightly. Exercise 64. Say what Part of Speech each word is in the following sentences, thus: This child was very little hurt. Tom has an exceedingly large dog. Lady Moon, Lady Moon, where are you roving? PREPOSITIONS. 75. I see the book in the desk. Here each of the words in, on, under, beside, behind, and near shows the relation between some book and the desk. 76. Mr. Brown has traveled in Spain. Mr. Brown has traveled through Germany. Mr. Brown has traveled across Europe. Mr. Brown has traveled over India. Here the words in, through, across, and over show the relation between the traveling and Spain, Germany, Europe, and India. 77. Sheffield is famous for cutlery. Oxford is proud of its university. The fruit is pleasant to the eye. Here the word for shows the relation between famous and cutlery; of shows the relation between proud and university; and to shows the relation between pleasant and eye. 78. In the first set of examples each word showing relation stands between a Noun and a Noun; in the second set it stands between a Verb and a Noun ; in the third set it stands between an Adjective and a Noun. Thus, whether the word before it be a Noun, a Verb, or an Adjective, the word following it is a Noun. 79. Words showing relation may also be followed by Pronouns; as: The man is behind me. His father arrived with him. I was sorry for them. 80. Here are further examples of words standing before Nouns or Pronouns, and showing the relation between the things or persons named and something else (this something else being expressed by a Noun, a Verb, or an Adjective) :— Whittington became Lord Mayor of London. The postman is at the door. I shall be with you at noon. The message came from the queen. The sword of the soldier was by his side. We are proud of our victory. John is tall for his age. He is good at foot-ball. Exercise 65. Pick out the words placed before Nouns or Pronouns to show relation as in the examples just given. The man is in the house. The children stayed at Brighton during the holidays. The tree was struck by lightning. The pupil was absent without leave. The mother was thinking about the best food for her sick child. The cow jumped over the moon. The dish ran away with the spoon. Look behind you. The horse walked round the field. The band was playing opposite the window. Germany is beyond the ocean. The top of the mountain is above the clouds. He will not act against my wishes. She lent this book to me. I brought these flowers for you. He was unsuccessful in business. The owner of the mill is standing near the door, with an empty sack in his hand. Are you fond of oranges? This fruit is sweeter on this side. Over the hill to the poor. house she went. And in the churchyard cottage I Learn 81. A Preposition' is a word placed before a Noun (or a Pronoun) to show the relation between the person or thing named and what is denoted by some other word in the sentence.' 82. The Noun or Pronoun placed (usually) after a Preposition is called the object of the Preposition. Exercise 66. Pick out the objects of the Prepositions in Exercise 65. Exercise 67. a. Pick out the Prepositions and their objects. b. Pick out the words to which the objects of the Prepositions are placed in relation by the Prepositions." There was an owl lived in an oak. Wee Willie Winkie runs through the town. Old Mother Hubbard went to the cupboard. A little cocksparrow sat on a tree. Three mice went into a hole to spin. Jack and Jill went up the hill. The mouse ran up the clock. Here we go round the mulberry bush. He made them dance out of Scotland into France. Tom ran crying down the street. What shoes are made without leather? We walked along the path towards the village. The church stands among the trees. The shepherd was amidst his flock. We have been in Washington since Christmas, and shall stay till Easter. Adown the glen rode armèd men. Two legs sat upon three legs With one leg in his lap. I'll tell you a story 1 The word means something placed before, from the Latin prae, before, and posit-us placed (p.p. of ponere, to place). 2 See "Notes for Teachers," p. 320, Note 10. To find these words it is often a good way to ask a question, such as What? or Does what? before the Preposition and its object; thus, in the first sentence, in is a Preposition and oak is its object. Ask "Did what in an oak?" Answer, lived. In shows the relation between oak and lived. The spirit of your fathers Shall start from every wave. The flame that lit the battle's wreck On sea, on land, we had our colors, sir, They sleep as well beneath the purple tide The castle's bound I wander round Amidst the grassy graves. Up the siry mountain, Old John, with white hair, 83. Some words may be used either as Adverbs or as Prepositions; thus: (1) That when such a word is used as an Adverb it always goes with some Verb. In the examples just given up goes with the Verb went; down goes with the Verb fell; 1 See "Notes for Teachers," p. 324, Note 26. 2 The Adverbs which go with Adjectives or other Adverbs are not ased as Prepositions. |