60. That the shoe should remain on the hoof, about twenty-eight days; but if it wears out before that period, the next fhoes fhould be made thicker. 61. That horfes employed in hunting, in froft, and in the fhafts of carriages, require an artificial ftop on the hind feet, and in fome fituations on the fore feet. 62. That whenever this fhoe is employed, it should be turned up on the outfide heel, and the horn of the fame heel lowered. 63. That the horn on the infide heel fhould be preferved, and the heel of the fhoe more or lefs thick, in proportion to the horn removed on the outfide heel. N Thursday the 6th of September, the Liberty of Havering Affociated Cavalry, com manded by Captain Barwis, received their ftandard, a very ele 64. That this fhoe, when ap-gant and much-admired piece of plied, is generally as high on the work, performed by Mrs. John infide, as on the outfide heel. Delamare and Mifs French, affifted by Mrs. Sterry. 65. That a bar fhoe is very beneficial where the frog is hard and found, and where the heels have been much removed, to bring the frog in contact with preffure. At nine o'clock the gentlemen in and near Romford, affembled in Captain Barwis's paddock, and preceded by a trumpeter, (bells ringing) marched by two's in regular order to Hornchurch bridge, where they were met and joined by Lieutenant Wyatt, and the gentlemen 66. That the upper part of the bar fhould rest on the frog, and the part oppofite the ground turned up, in order to act as a stop, 67. That when this fhoe is ap-of that neighbourhood. At the plied, the frog receives preffure, entrance of Hornchurch they drew the heels will be expanded, and their fwords, returning them again the mufcles and tendons not more at the church, which they entered ftretched than before the heels by two's in great order and filence. were lowered. 68. That this fhoe may be applied for fand cracks, but no part of it fhould be fupported by the cruft oppofite the crack. 69. That where, from bad fhoeing, the bars are removed, and corns are produced, a bar fhoe may be employed, to prevent preffure oppofite to the feat of corn. 70. That where the fole is too thin at the heels to admit of any After prayers the Coronation anthem was excellently performed by the Hornchurch fingers, and. the chaplain of the corps, the Rev. James Bearblock, concluded the fervice with a moft applicable and excellent fermon, from the text taken from the 24th chap. of Proverbs, 21ft verfe" Fear thou the "Lord and the King, and meddle not with them that are given to "change." 66 Indeed the difccurfe was felt by the corps and the audience fo intereftingly, that it was the general requeft that it should be printed. The corps then adjourned to Lieutenant Wyatt's, where they partook of a cold collation under a tent in the garden; after which, they mounted, and returned through Romford to the ground appointed near Captain Barwis's houfe, where a very great number of fpectators was affembled. The corps was reviewed by Lieu tenant-Colonel Prince, accompanied by other Officers of the Innifkilling. Previous to the prefenting of the ftandard, the Officers and all the privates took an oath of allegiance and loyalty to the King. After the confecration of the ftandard by the Rev. James Bearblock, in a prayer to the following effect, "O, Almighty God, under whofe heavenly protection the armies of Chriftian Princes go forth, for the defence of thy faith, for the promotion of the fpiritual welfare, and for the temporal interest of thy people, vouchfafe to fanctify this banner, erected, we trust, in a moft righteous caufe. Render it a bleffed inftrument in the hands of men affociated for the advancement of thy truth, and guard it, we moft humbly befeech thee, from the infurrection of wicked doers; that profaneness and fedition may fly before it, thus fupported by thy power. Grant us, O Lord, in the midft of whom it is uplifted, to be of one heart and one mind in ferving thee our God, and in defending thy fervant, our Sovereign Lord King George, upon the throne of thefe realms. So we that are thy people, thall give thee thanks for ever, and will always be fhewing forth thy praife, through Jefus Christ our Lord," The ftandard was prefented by "In prefenting this standard, I feel a mixture of pleasure and pain of pleasure, when I view it as the ftandard of a troop of loyal gentlemen volunteers in the fervice of their King and country. As fathers, hufbands, brothers, relations, and friends, our fex and our children have every natural and wellfounded reafon to hope, for all the protection in your power, under God, that zeal, affection, and courage, can yield. "The pain I feel, arifes from the dire neceffity which draws you from your peaceful employments and habitations, occafioned by enemies the most complicatedly wicked and implacable, that ever difgraced humanity. "For the fake of all that is dear to faithful and loyal Britons, defend this ftandard; and may God take you under his holy protection." The ftandard was then delivered to the Captain, who configned it to the care of Cornet Sterry, with a fhort fpeech to this effect; 66 GENTLEMEN,: "After the excellent difcourfe which we have all heard this day, and the addrefs we have just now received, there can remain but very little indeed for me to fay. "The object of our affociation is, to aid the civil magiftrate, to keep the King's peace upon any extraordinary emergency, in the abfence of the regular and eftablished troops of the kingdom. As our bufiuefs will be the defence of every thing that can be dear and interefting to the human heart, there can be no doubt of our fin cerity and courage. "Gentlemen, a just subordination and unanimity, under prudent and skilful direction, give the greateft poffible force to any numbers of The corps accompanied by many gentlemen, then were regaled with a very plentiful dinner in the field, as were a very large company of friends in the houfe, the Inniskilling band playing all the time, placed between them both. Loyal and patriotic toafts and fongs went round to a late hour, and nothing was wanting to infpire and keep up a continual flow of good humour and jollity. In fhort, every one went away pleafed and fatisfied, and perfectly united in affection. to their King and country, and to each other. an anfwer appropriate to the oc cafion. The following volunteer corps politely offered their affiftance, and attended the ceremony, viz. Captain Houblor's, Captain Pepper's, and Colonel Burgoyne's yeomanry cavalry; Captain Winter's, Captain Allen's, and Captain Hall's infantry. They all made a very military appearance, and did great credit to themfelves and their refpective commanders. After the ceremony, the whole moved in proceffion to Stanfted, when two hundred and fifty dined in a large booth erected for the purpofe, where feveral loyal and contitutional toafts were drank, and the weather being favourable, a large concourfe of fpectators were affembled, who appeared highly fatisfied with the entertainments of the day. A PHILOSOPHICAL AND PRACTI- CREATION, BY JOHN LAWRENCE, 2 vols. 8vo. boards, 14s. Longman. (Continued from page 261.) IN continuing the fubject of Mr. Lawrence's work, we shall pass over fome philofophical obfervations on the inate capacity of the brute, and take the Author up from the 84th page of the firft volume, wherein he says, "The horse, from the earliest accounts, feems to have been a native of nearly all the climates of the old world; why this excellent animal was denied to the new continent, almost all regions of which, are fo well adapted to his production and maintenance, is a difficulty not easily folved. Whether they were, ab origine, indigenous to one particular is a "The original countries of the two oppofite races (whether they were firft and exclufively created there, matters not to us) are the mountainous part of Arabia, and the particular country, whence all parts | eife were fupplied; or whether common to many, and of different races, befitting the nature and circumstances of each country, theme fit only to difplay the pow-low lands of Belgium in Europe. ers of imagination, in fuch an in- Arabia is the oldest breeding coungenious and fanciful writer as Buf- try (to ufe a familiar phrase) in the world; it has been known to pof ton. Thus much, conftant obfervation and experience have de- fefs a pure and unmixed race of termined upon the matter, that the horfes, for thousands of years; genus varies with foil and climate, and the experience, both of ancient times, has proved that the horses of warm climes and and modern dry foils, are of the trueft propor- them to be of fuperior form and tion, the fineft fkin, and the moft qualification to all other horfes generous fpirit; of courfe the fleet-upon earth. In the very early eft, and fitteft for the faddle; as ages, the breed of Arabian horfes was fought and difperfed over alwe approach the north, we find them more robuft, and formed most all Asia and Africa, and from with very little fymmetry of shape; thence to the fouthern parts of coarfe-haired, hardy, and flow, Europe; in more modern times, fitted for draft, and the more labo-they have been introduced farther rious purposes of life; that the fpe-north, particularly into this country; and from that fource has oricies will thrive, with proper care, in all habitable countries; but fuc-ginated our beft racing blood, to which we owe thofe advantages ceed belt under the temperate zones, and upon fruitful and gra- and improvements, and that fuperiority in horfes, we fo evidently meniferous foils. poffefs over all other nations... "It frequently happens, that of "At what period of time, or by two hypothefes, although one only can be fimply true, yet both may what nation, or individual, the lead, by different trains of argu-horfe was first reduced to human mentation, to the fame conclu- ufe and obedience, is a piece of in fion. The eafieft method, and telligence which must for ever lie perhaps that liable to fewest objec- hid in the impenetrable recefles of tions, is to divide the genus of the most remote antiquity. But it hofes into two original and distinctis fufficient we know from their fpecies, or creations; the fine and works, that the ancients, in genefpeedy, and the coarse and flow.ral, were well acquainted with the various ufes to which the animal To thefe original fources, all va of rieties whatever may be traced; may be applied; and that many and the various intermediate de- the eastern nations, as well as the grees may alfo be influenced in Greeks and Romans, were well fome measure, by foil and climate; fkilled in equeftrian knowledge and but it does not appear probable, management. either in theory, or by analogies which might be adduced, that any length of time, or change of foil, could convert the delicate, filk haired, flat-boned courfer of the fouthern countries, into the coarfe, clumsy, round-made cart-horse of the north of Europe. If we were not well aware of the neceffity of be ing upon our guard against the exaggerated relations of ancient writers, we fhould be indeed furprised at the number of horfes faid to have been kept for purposes of luxury and parade, in thofe early, ages. Herodotus fays, the King of of Babylon maintained a ftud of fixteen thousand mares, and eight hundred stallions. In our own country the breed of horfes is of much higher antiquity than any extant biftory, fince we are informed by Julius Cæfar, that on his first invafion of the ifland, the Britons had already great numbers of them, well trained to warlike exercises. The fpecies we may fairly prefume to have been fuch, of all fizes, as we are likely to fee in any fruitful northern region, where it has not been improved by a mix ture of the blood of the fouth country horfes; that is to fay, roughcoated, round-made, and with but little fymmetry, sturdy, with bones comparatively foft and fpongy, and finews unendowed with any high degree of elasticity. The Romans, it is probable, contributed very little to the improvement of the British breed of horfes, fince no traces of amendment are to be found during fo many ages. The fame may be faid of the Crufaders, who certainly had it in their power to have fent home to their own country, fome of the choiceft horfes in the world, their deftination being fo near the fountain head; but they had, unhappily, objects in view, far other than thofe of either common utility, or common fenfe. There is but little evidence, during the early periods of our history, to guide our refearches, except a law of one of our Saxon monarchs, to prevent the exportation of horses; which feems no indication of their plenty at that time, but that, perhaps, thofe of England were in fome request in the neighbouring countries. The first period, of any particular or marked attention, to the amendment of our breed of hories, may be dated from the reigns of Henry VII. and VII.; but the regulations then made, and the means employed, agreeable to the genius VOL. XIII. No. 73. means of thofe unenlightened times, confifted of arbitrary directions and impolitic restraints, by no calculated to advance the intended purpofe. Magiftrates were empowered to fcour, at Michaelmas tide, the heaths and commons, and to put to death all mares they thould judge of infufficient fize to bear good foals; the ancient prohibition to export horfes was continued, in particular ftallions; which laft, I am informed by an officer in the cuftoms, it is illegal to export at this day; and that it is ufual to do it at the out-ports, and by ftealth. The laudable cuftom, however, began about that time, of importing ftock proper to breed nags, from the fouthern climes, and fuch as was fit to enlarge the breed of draft cattle, from the oppofite continent. We learn from Blundeville, that in the reign of Elizabeth, the generality of English horfes were either weak, or confifted of sturdy jades, better adapted to draft them to any other purpofe; but, with fome exceptions, which exhibited ftrong proofs of initient improvement, one of which is, an inftance of a horfe travelling fourfcore miles within the day for a wager; a feat which would puzzle a great number of those fine cock-tail nags, fold by the dealers of the present day, at three or fourfcore pounds each. The defire of improvement was fo generally diffufed, according to the above-named author, that even the carters had become very nice in their choice of horses. The following races were well known to the gentlemen breeders of the country; namely, "the Turk, the Barbarian, the Sardinian, the Neapoliran, the Jennet of Spain, the Hungarian, the high Almaine (or German) the Friezeland, the Flan, ders, and the Irish Hobby." Still, horfes were fo deficient in number, that on the Spanish invafion, the Queen found the utmost difficulty C in |