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A

DICTIONARY

OF THE

ENGLISH LANGUAGE:

IN WHICH

THE WORDS ARE DEDUCED FROM THEIR ORIGINALS,

AND

ILLUSTRATED IN THEIR DIFFERENT SIGNIFICATIONS BY EXAMPLES FROM

THE BEST WRITERS.

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PRINTED FOR LONGMAN, HURST, REES, AND ORME, PATERNOSTER-ROW ;
J. JOHNSOS : W. J. AND J. RICHARDSON ; J. WALKER ; R. BALDWIN; F. AND C. RIVINGTON; T, PAYNE ; R. FAULDER
W. LOWXDES; 6. WILKIE AND J, ROBINSON; SCATCH ERD AND LETTERMAN; T. EGERTON ; P. WYNNE ; J. STOCK
DALE ; CROSBY AND CO.; J. ASPERNE ; OGILVY AND SON; COTHELL AND MARTIN ; LACKINGTON, ALLEN, AND CO.:
VERNOR AND HOOD; J. AND A. ARCH ; CADELL AND DAVIES; S. BAGSTER; J. HARDING; J. MAWMAN; R. M. EVAN3;
BLACKS AND PAKRY : 3. HATCHARD; J. BOK ER; W. STEWART ; T. OSTELL; PAYNE AND MACKINLAY ; R. PHIL ALPS;
L. MATHEWS: AND WILSON AND SHENCE, YORK.

1805.

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A

DICTIONARY

OF THE

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

S.

Sa

as

SA B

SAB
HAS in English the same hissing sound

I purpose,
And by our holy sabbeth have I sworn,

To have the due and fortsit of my boud. Slak. prevails in so many of our words that it

Glad we return'd up to the coasts of light, produces in the ear of a forcigner a con- Ere sabbath ev'ning.

liiton. tinted sibilation. In the beginning of Here ev'ry day was sahbarl: only free words it has invariably its natural and From hours of pray'r, for hours of charity, genuine sound: in the middle it is some

Such as the Jews from servile toil releast, times uttered with a stronger appulse of

Where works of mercy were a part of rest :

Such as blest angels exercise above, the tongue to the palate, like z; as rose, Vary'd with sacred hymns and acts of love; roseate, rosy, osier, nosel, resident, busy, Such sabbaths as that one she now enjovs, business. It sometimes keeps its natural Ev'n that perpetual one, which she employs: sound; as loose, designation ; for which

For such vicissitudes in heav'n there are, I know not whether any rules can be

In praise alternate, arid alternate pray'r. Dryd. given. In the end of monosyllables it is

2. Intermission of pain or sorrow; time

of rest. sometimes s, as in this; and sometimes

Never any sabbath of release %, as in as, bas; and generally where es Could free his travels and afflictions deep. Dar, stands in verbs for eth, as gives. It Nor can his blessed soul look down from seems to be established as a rule, that

heav'n, do noun singular should end with s sin- Or break th' eternal sabbath of his rest, gle: therefore in words written with

To see her miseries on earth. Dryden. diphthongs, and naturally long, an e is

Peaceful sleep out the sabbath of the comb, nevertheless added at the end, as goose, SABBATARIAN. n. s. [from sabbath.]

And wake to raptures in a lite to come. Pope. bouse; and where the syllable is short

One who observes the sabbath with unthe s is doubled, and wasonce sse, as ass, reasonable rigour; one who observes anciently asse ; wilderness, anciently

the seventh day of the week in opposi. wildernesse; distress, anciently distresse.

tion to the first. SABA'OTH. n. s. (Hebrew.] Signifying SA'BBATH BREAKER. n. s. [sabbath and an army.

break.] Violator of the sabbath by laHoly Lord God of sabaoth; that is, Lord of bour or wickedness.

Common Prayer.

The usurer is the greatest sabbathbreaker, beSABBATH. n. so [An Hebrew word,

cause his plough goeth every Sunday. Bacon. signifying rest; sabbat, Fr. sabbatum, SABBA'TICAL. adj. sabbaticus, Lat. saba Latin.]

batique, Fr. from sc:bbath.] Resembling 1. A day appointed by God among the

the sabbath ; enjoying or bringing in. Jews, and from them established among

termission of labour. Christians for publick worship; the

The appointment and observance of the sab.

batical year, and after the seventh satiatical seventh day set apart from works of la- year a year of jubiley, is a circuinstance of grsac bour to be employed in piety.

moment,

Forbis. VOL. IV.

3

a

bests.

W

SA'BBATISM, n. s. [from sabbatum, Lat.] If ample powers, granted by the rulers of this

Observance of the sabbath superstiti- world, add dignity to the persons intrusted with ously rigid.

these powers, behold the importance and extent

of the sacerdotal commission. SA'BINE. ii. s. (sabine, fr. sabina, Lat.] Sa'chel. n. s. ( sacculus, Lat.) A small

Atterbury: A plant.

sack or bag Sabine or savin will make fine hedges, and may be brought into any form by clipping, much be

SACK. 1. s. lpw Hebrew ; ccixzos; saccus, yond trees.

Mortimer. Lat. sæc, Sax. It is observable of this SA'BLE. n. s. [zibella, Lat.) Fur.

word, that it is found in all languages, Sable is worn

of great personages, and brought and it is therefore conceived to be ante. out of Russia, being the fur of a little beast of

diluvian.] that name, esteemed for the perfectness of the

1. A bag; a pouch ; commonly a large colour of the hairs, which are very black. Hence sable, in heraldry, signifies the black colour in

bag.

Peaban. gentlemen's arms.

Our sacks shall be a mean to sack the city,

And we be lords and rulers over Roan. Sbaks. Furiously running in upon him, with tumultu

Vastius caused the authors of that mutiny to ous speech, he violently raught from his head his rich cap of subles,

Knobies

be thrust into sacks, and in the sight of the fleet -East into the sea.

Knolles. The peacock's pline thyitckemust nur dail; Nor the dear purchese of the pabe's tail. Gay: The measure of three bushels. SA'Bl. E. adj. [Fr:]*Black. A word used 3: A woman's loose robe. by heralds and poets.

To SACK. v. a. [from the noun.] By this the drooping dayligha 'gan to fade; 1. To put in bags. And yield his room to sad succeeding night, Now the great work is done, the corn is ground,

Who with her sable mantle ganitosha de: The grist is sack'd, and every 'sack well bound. The face of earth, and ways of buing sight :

Bettertorr. Füiry Queen. 2. [from sacar, Spanish.] To take by With him inthron'd

storm ; to pillage; to plunder. Sat sable vested night, eldest of things,

Edward Bruce spoiled all the old English pale The consort of his reign.

Milton.

inhabitants, and sacked and rased all cities and They soon begin that tragick play,

corporate towns.

Spenser. And with their smoaky cannons banish day:

I'll make thee stoop and bend thy knee, Night, horrour, slaughter, with confusion meet,

Or sack this country with a mutiny. Sbakspeare. And in their salle armis enbrace the fleet.

What armies conquer d, perish'd with thy Wuller.

sword? Adoring first the genius of the place,

What cities sack'd?

Fairfax. And night, and all the stars that giid her sable

Who sees these dismal heaps, but would dethrone.

Dryden.

mand SABLIERE. n. s. (Fr.]

What barbarous invader sask'd the land? Denbu. 1. A sand pit.

Bailey. The pope hiinself was ever after unfortunate, 2. [In carpentry.] A piece of timber as Rome being twice taken and sucked in his reign.

South. long, but not so thick, as a beam. SA'BRE. 1. 'S. (sabre, Fr. I suppose, of

The great magazine for all kinds of treasure is

the bed of the Tiber: when the Romans lay una Turkish original.] A cimeter; a short der the apprehensions of seeing their city sacked by sword with a convex edge; a falchion. a barbarous enemy, they would take care to hea

To me the crics of fighting fields are charms; stow such of their riches this way as could best Keen be my sabre, and of proof my arms;

bear the water.

Addison I ask no other blessing of my stars,

SACK. n. s. (from the verð.] No prize but fame, no mistress but the wars.

1. Storm of a town; pillage; plunder. Dryden.

If Saturn's son bestows Seam'd o'er with wounds, which his own sabre

The sack of Troy, which he by promise owes, gave, In the vile habit of a village slave,

Then shall the conqu’ring Greeks thy loss restore.

Dryden. The foe deceiv'd.

2. A kind of sweet wine, now brought SABULO'SITY. n. s. [from sabulous.] Grittiness ; sandiness.

chiefly from the Canaries. (Sec, Fr. of

uncertain etymology; but derived by SABULOUS. adj. (sabulum, Lat.] Grit- Skinner, after Mandesto, from Xeque, a ty ; sandy.

city of Morocco. The sack of Shakspeare SACCADE. n. s. (Fr.) A violent check

is believed to be what is now called the rider gives his horse, by drawing sherry.] both the reins very suddenly: a correc- Please you drink a cup of sack. Sbakspeare. tion used when the horse bears heavy on The butler hath great advantage to allure the the hand. Bailey. maids with a glass of sack.

Swift. SACCHARINE, adj. (saccharum, Latin.] SA'CKBUT. n. s. [sacabuche, Spanish ;

Having the taste, or any other of the sambuca, Lat. sambuque, Fr.] A kind of chief qualities, of sugar.

pipe. Manna is an essential saccharine salt, sweating The trumpets, sacibuts, psalteries and fife, from the leaves of most plants.

drbuthnot.
Make the sun dance.

Sbakspeare. SACERDOʻT A L. adj. [sacerdotalis, Latin.] SA CKCLOTH. n. so [sack and cloth.] Priestly; belonging to the priesthood.

Cloth of which sacks are made; coarse They have several othces and prayers, espe

cloth sometimes worn in mortification. cially for the dead, in which functions they use Coarse stuff made of goats hair, of a dark cosacirdotal garments.

Stilling fleet. lour, worn by soldiers and mariners; and used He fell violently upon me, without respect to as a habit among the Hebrews in times of mournmy suitrdotal orders.

Dryden. ing. Called suckcloth, either because sacks were

Pope:

with to.

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made of this sort of stuff, or because hair-cloths SA'CRED. adj. [sacre, Fr. sacer, Lat.) Were strait and close like a sack. Calmet.

1. Iinmediately relating to God. To augment her painful penance more,

Wolves shall succeed for teachers, grievous Thrice every week in ashes she did sit,

wolves, And next her wrinkled skin rough sackcloth wore.

Who all the sacred mysteries of heav'n

Spenser. To their own vile advantages shall turn. Milt. Thus with sackcloth I invest my woe,

Before me lay the sacred text, And dust upon my clouded forehead throw.

The help, the guide, the balın, of souls perplex'd. Sandys.

Ariathnot. Being clad in sackcloth, he was to lie on the

2. Devoted to religious uses; holy; ground, and constantly day and night to implore

Those who came to celebrate the sabbath, made God's mercy for the sin he had committed.

Aylife.

a conscience of helping temselves for the ho

tour of that most sacred day. Maccabees. SA'CKER. n. 4. [from sack.] One that

They with wine-off'rings pour'd, and sacred takes a town.

feast, SA'C KFUL. n. s. (sack and full.] A full Shall spend their days with joy unblam'd. Mit. bag.

This temple, and his holy ark,
With all his sacred things.

Milton.
Wood goes about with sackfuls of dross, odiously
misrepresenting his prince's countenance. Swift. 3. Dedicated; consecrate; consecrated :
SA'CK POSSE r. n. s. (sack and posset. A

posset made of milk, sack, and some O'er its eastern gate was rais'd above other ingredients.

A temple, sacred to the queen of love. Drydeit. Snuff the candles at supper on the table, be

4. Relating to religion ; theological.

Smit with the love of sacred song. Milton. cause the burning snuff may fall into a dish of soup or sackposset.

Swift. 5. Entitled to reverence ; awfully venerSACRAMÉNT. n. s. [sacrement, Fr. sa

able. cramentum, Lat.]

Bright officious lamps, 1. An oath ; any ceremony producing an

In thee concentring all their precious beams
Of sacred influence.

Milton, obligation.

Poet and saint, to thee alone were givin, 2. An outward and visible sign of an in- The two most sasred names of earth and heav'n. ward and spiritual grace.

Cowley. As often as we mention a sacrament, it is im- 6. Inviolable, as if appropriated to some properly understood; for in the writings of the

superiour being. ancient fachers all articles which are peculiar to

The honour's sacred, which he talks on now, christian faith, all duties of religion containing

Supposing that I lacke it.

Sbakspeare. that which sense or natural reason cannot of it

How hast thou yielded to transgress self discern, are most commonly named sacra

The strict forbiddance? how to violate ments; our restraint of the word to some few

The sacred fruit?

Milton. principal divine ceremonies, importeth in every

Secrets of marriage still are sacred held; such ceremony two chings, the substance of the

There sweet and bitter by the wise concealid. ceremony itself, which is visible; and besides thac, somewhat else more secret, in reference Sa'CREDLY. adv. [from sacred.] Inviola

Dryden. whereunto we conceive that ceremony to be a sacrament.

Hooker.

bly ; religiously. 3. The eucharist; the holy communion. When God had manifested himself in the

Ten thousand French have ta'en the sacrament fiesh, how sacrediy did he preserve this privio To rise their dangerous artillery

lege?

Souib. Upon no christian soul but English Talbot. SA'CREDNESS. N. s. [from sacred.] The

Shakspeare. state of being sacred ; state of being As we have ta'en the sacrament,

consecrated to religious uses; holiness; We will unite the white rose with the red.

Shakspeare.

sanctity. Before the fimous battle of Cressy, he spent

In the sanctuary the cloud, and the oracular the greatest part of the night in prayer; and in answers, were prerogatives peculiar to the sathe morning received the sacrament, with his

credness of the place.

South. son, and the chief of his officers. Addison.

This insinuates the sacredness of power, let the SACRAMENTAL. adj. [Sacramental, Fr.

administration of it be what it will. L'Estrange from sacrament.] Constituting a sacra- SACRIFICK, adi. (sacrificus, Lat.] Emment; pertaining to a sacrament. ployed in sacrifice.

To make complete the outward substance of SACRI'FICABLE, adj; [from sacris.cor, a sacrament, there is required an outward form,

Latin.] Capable of being offered in 3awhich form sacramental elements receive from

crifice. Sacramental ords.

"Hooker. The words of St. Paul are plain; and whatever

Although Jephtha's vow run generally for the

words, whatsoever shall come forth; vet might interpretation can be put upon them, it can only

it be restrained in the sense, to whatsoever was vary the way of the sa ramental, etficacy, but it cannot evacuate the blessing.

Taylor.

sacrificable, and justly subject to lawful immola

tion, and so would not have sacrificed either SACKA ATE'NTALLY. adv. [from sacra

horse or dog.

Brown, mental.] After the manner of a sacra

SACRIFICA'TOR. n. s. sacrificateur, Fr. ment.

My body is sacramentally contained in this sa- from sacrificor, Lat.] Sacrificer; offerer crament of bread.

Hall. of sacrifice. The law of circumcision was meant by God Not only the subject of sacrifice is questionable, sacramentally to impress the duty of strict purity. but also the sacrificator, which the picture makes Hammond, te ke Jephtha.

Brown.

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