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he that delivered up the Charters in Cornwall. I mean the earl of Bath*.

Sir W. L. Gower. Till this matter be determined, I know not how you can enquire. If you will prosecute my lord of Bath, he has no pardon to plead, and, if he had, he will plead none. He will sooner turn himself out of the council, than stay in with him, if you move him out.

Sir Tho. Clarges. As to what relates to lord Bath, and lord Carmarthen, I will say nothing; but the matter of Gloucestershire (complained of by sir John Knight, about raising the Auxiliaries) is ten times of greater concern, and no laughing matter. I say, it is levying war, and no better. There is no law for Auxiliaries, but the Militia is our legal defence, and no lord lieutenant can raise auxiliaries; he is indemnified for what he has done, by the act, but if there have been any raised since the act, it is within the law of levying war. I move, That a committee may look into this matter. I cannot answer my duty to the king, nor my trust in this place, if you enquire not into it..

Sir Edw. Seymour. I am under no good circumstances of making speeches. I wonder that, what zeal soever men have for the thing, they should lead you out of order. I wonder this should be concealed all this while: I love not art of any kind. Let not the clock strike twelve at once; go on by degrees. It seems hard, that imes acted so long ago should now be called in question; it were so, if we took any thing from him. If not fatal, it is at least unfortunate, if he has done it at one time, that he may not act it again. It is a question of common prudence for your safety. Let one thing take its determination, before you begin another. would address the king to remove lord Carmarthen I am sure he will neither support the church, nor the state.

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Sir Charles Sedley. You are upon two motions; advice to the king not to leave his privy council to act all in his absence, but some council besides the privy council. I have received no dis-obligation from this noble lord, nor any favour from him; but pray keep us to some order, and put a question.

"In the new Charters that had been granted, the election of the members was taken out of the hands of the inhabitants, and restrained to the corporation men, all those being left out who were not acceptable at court. In some boroughs, they could not find a number of men to be depended on, so the neighbouring gentlemen were made corporation men, and in some of these, persons of other counties, not so much as known in the borough, were named. This was practised in the most avowed manner in Cornwall, by the earl of Bath, who, to secure himself the groom of the stole's place, which he held all king Charles's time, put the officers of the guards names in almost all the Charters of that county, which sending up 44 members, they were for the most part so chosen, that the king was sure of their votes on all occasions." Burnet.

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Sir Henry Goodrick. Orderly and properly you are to proceed upon my Lord President; all the rest of the debate is a deviation from the question. I am sorry to hear another noble lord named. I was one at first for not impeaching this noble lord. He was advised by his counsel to plead his Pardon. General accusations are general snares. Let any man, upon his honour, aver any of this accusation: Not fit to serve the church nor state! I think it the greatest injury mortal man can have. "Twas said by another, That the marquis of Carmarthen acted the same part now, that the earl of Danby did formerly.' Let them, on their honour, make it good against my lord president. I require it, in honour and justice, whether, upon a general accusation, we should desire the king to remove him? Let gentlemen stand up in their places, and aver the accusation, and I

have done.

Col. Granville. Before I make out what lord Carmarthen has done, I hope Goodrick will make it good what lord Danby has done. Sir Henry Goodrick. It is strange to call upon a man of honour to accuse his friend.

Sir Edm. Jennings. What proofs were made against lord Danby, when he was impeached? All know, the Impeachment was brought on by a trick. As to his Pardon, it was by the advice of counsel, that he pleaded it. I believe he has given the king counsel to preserve our properties, to prosecute the war in Ireland and France, and to keep the crown on his head, and his head on his shoulders. In 1641, lord Stratford was accused, and condemned with a Ne trahatur in exemplum. The king's ministers were banished. (And so he proceeded with the story of that time.) The mismanagement is from others about the king, and if any be in this house, it is fit they should be removed.

Mr. Dolben. The present subject of the debate is lord Carmarthen. Notwithstanding all the reflections upon him, I think him as well affected to the government, as any at the council-board. It is said, An Impeachment was against him;' but no judgment was given on that impeachment. I will not say that every thing has been well done; he is a fallible man; but as ill things have been done before his time, and since, as he has been accused of. He was a great and main instrument in declaring king William and queen Mary, for which every good man has cause to thank God upon his knees. This great thing he has supported by all his actions since. Sure he has as great an argument to support them now, as he had then to bring about the match. There is a relation in principles, as well as alliance, betwixt the marquis of Carmarthen, and the earl of Bath. I am against the motion. If he be laid aside and removed, I fear a man less worthy may be put in his place.

Sir John Thompson. If we may believe printed letters, we must lay that match upon lord Arlington. I stand up to put you in mind of your order. Put the question, and the sense of the house will determine it.

Sir Robert Sawyer. This that you are moved for, an Address to be made to the king, is to remove a certain enemy to king James, and a certain friend to king William. From his Impeachment, there was a perpetual enmity betwixt king James and him carried on in this house, by king James's interest, for advising the king to send him beyond sea.

"My lords and gentlemen; I have had such assurance of your good affections to me, that I come now to thank you; and particularly for the Supplies you have given me. The season of the year is so far advanced, that I can no longer delay my going into Ireland; and therefore I think it necessary to have an adjournment of the parliament. And although it shall be but to a short day, yet, unless some great occasion require it, (of which you shall have due notice) I do not intend you shall sit to do business until the winter; and I hope, by the blessing of God, we then shall have a happy meeting. In the mean time, I recommend to you the discharge of your duties in your respective counties, that the peace of the nation may be secured by your vigilance and care in your several stations."

Sir John Lowther. The objection against this lord is his Impeachment. I have not seen great fruit of Impeachments; one was im peached (lord Clarendon) who died in France, and had no prosecution. To this lord as much is to be said, relating to the present government, as any man. If the king be sensible of his marriage with the queen, how can he resent this general Address to have him removed from him? If he has any secret designs of his own, notwithstanding the great service he has The lord chief baron Atkins afterwards sigdone, I think that argument of small weight, nified his majesty's pleasure, That both houses and should be sorry any such thing should go should adjourn till the 7th of July. On the from this house. I have been told, he advised 7th of July the house met, and was prorogued, the prince of Orange to come hither, and his by commissi n, to the 28th inst.; from thence counsel swayed much; if so, it is a sign the king to August 18; and from thence to September relied much upon him. Before I engaged with him at York, I never knew him, and his pre- popery and arbitrary power, 35 only were exsence with us in the north was an encourage-pressly excepted, and of them, few or none ment to us to hope for success. Since the king came in, no man could apply himself with more industry, with that tender constitution of his, being eight hours together in the day in bu-sage from the lords: "Mr. Speaker, his majesty siness. If dexterity of management could expiate, he has done as much as man cau do, both for church and state.

Mr. Ettrick. I am sorry that, without doors, we are divided into parties-What can be a greater punishment to a man of honour, than to have an old Impeachment revived, and an Address to the king against him, as unfit to be near him, and to remove him? What can be more unfortunate, than for the king to tell you, he knows nothing of this lord, why he should remove him?

Mr. Harbord. The king's enemies will be glad to hear of the divisions among us on this occasion. This lord did two things remarkable in serving the nation; no innocent blood was spilt in his time, when the streets ran blood; and dissolving the Pensionary Parliament: and my lord of Bath sent assurance to the prince of Orange, That he would be for him whenever he landed.' It is unfortunate, that these two persons should be named. I dare not propose what to advise, but these animosities are not for the king's nor the kingdom's service.

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Resolved, That a committee be appointed to enquire into the listing, assembling, and exercising of Papists, and other disaffected persons in arms, in several counties in the kingdom, without their majesties commission.'

The King's Speech at the Adjournment.] May 23. His majesty, in the house of lords, after passing the bill of Indemnity, was pleased to speak to both houses to the following effect:

* In this Bill, of all the late instruments of

were made examples to the justice of the nation. When the Bill was sent down to the commons, Mr. Baron Torton brought this mes

has been pleased to send this Bill, which the lords have accepted, and passed, nem. con. and now send it down to this house." Though the commons immediately passed the Bill, they de|manded a Conference, in which they intended to acquaint their lordships, "That it is unusual for either house to acquaint the other by what number any Bill before them do pass; and the introducing any alteration in the usual method of proceedings, may be of dangerous consequence." But a stop was put to this affair by the adjournment. See the Journal.

+ The king set out for Ireland the 4th of June, attended by prince George of Denmark, the duke of Ormond, &c. On the 14th he landed at Carrickfergus, and on July 1, gained the famous Victory of the Boyne, which obliged king James to return to France, and was a prelude to the reducing of Ireland. In the mean time, England was threatened with a French invasion, their Fleet having entered the channel; and, on June 30, with a superiority of 70 sail to 50, it came to an engagement with the English and Dutch, under the earl of Torrington, near Beachy in Sussex; but, though the advantage was on the enemy's side (the Dutch losing six ships, and the English one) no descent was made, the French being contented with insulting the coast; and nothing could exceed the prudence and activity of the queen's measures. The earl of Torrington, being charged with misconduct, was sent to the Tower; and though he was afterwards acquitted by a court-martial, he was dismissed from his employments by the king. His majesty returned to England, Sept. 6.

8.--On the 8th of Sept. the house again met, and immediately adjourned to the 11th instant; from thence to the 12th; and from thence it was prorogued, by commission, to Oct. 2. SECOND SESSION OF THE SECOND PARLIAMENT. The King's Speech on opening the Session.] Oct. 2. Both houses met, when his majesty, in the house of lords, spoke as follows:

must be had of the arrears of the army, which shall likewise be laid before you, and for all which I must desire a sufficient and timely supply. It is farther necessary to inform you, that will absolutely depend upon the speed and the whole support of the Confederacy abroad vigour of your proceedings in this session.— And here I must take notice, with great satisfaction, of the readiness which my subjects, of all degrees, hath shown, both in this city, and in their several counties, by giving their assistance so chearfully as they did in my absence, while the French Fleet was upon our coasts; and, besides this so convincing mark of the good inclinations of my people, I have found, through all the countries where I have passed, both at my going into Ireland, and in my return from thence, such demonstrations of their affections, that I have not the least doubt but I shall find the same from their representatives in parliament.-I cannot conclude, without taking notice also, how much the honour of the nation has been exposed by the ill conduct of my Fleet, in the last summer's engagement against the French: and I think myself so much concerned to see it vindicated, that I cannot rest satisfied till an example has been made of such

and trial; which was not practicable while the whole Fleet was abroad; but is now put into the proper way of being done as soon as may be.-My lords and gentlemen; I look upon the future well-being of this kingdom to depend upon the result of your counsels and determinations at this time; and the benefit will be double, by the speed of your resolutions; insomuch that I hope you will agree with me in this conclusion, That whosoever goes about to obstruct or divert your application to these matters, preferably to all others, can neither be my friend, nor the kingdom's."

"My lords and gentlemen, Since I last met you, I have used my best endeavours to reduce Ireland into such a condition this year, as that it might be no longer a charge to England; and it has pleased God to bless my endeavours with such success, that I doubt not but I should have been fully possessed of that kingdom by this time, had I been enabled to have gone into the field as soon as I should have done; and, as is more especially necessary in Ireland, where the rains are so great, and begin so early. I think myself obliged to take notice, how well the Army there have behaved themselves on all occasions, and borne great hardships with little pay, and with so much patience and willingness, as could not proceed but from an affectionate duty to my service, and a zeal for the Protestant religion.-I have already made it evident, how much I have preferred the satis-as shall be found faulty upon their examination faction of my subjects before the most solid advantages of the crown, by parting with so considerable a branch of its inheritance; and it is no less apparent, that I have asked no Revenue for myself, but what I have readily subjected to be charged to the uses of the war. -I did, at my departure, give order for all the public accounts to be made ready for me against my return; and I have commanded them to be laid before the house of commons: By which they will see, that the real want of what was necessary beyond the Funds given, and the not getting in due time, that for which Funds were assigned, have been the principal causes why the Army is in so much arrear of their pay, and the Stores, both for the Navy and the Ordnance, not supplied as they ought to be. Now, as I neither spared my person, nor my pains, to do you all the good I could, so I doubt not, but if you will as cheerfully do your parts, it is in your power to make both me and yourselves happy, and the nation great: And, on the other hand, it is too plain, by what the French have let you see so lately, that, if the present war be not prosecuted with vigour, no nation in the world is exposed to Resolved, nem. con. That an humble Adgreater danger.-I hope therefore, there will dress be presented to her majesty, acknowledgneed no more upon that subject, than to laying her gracious government during the absence before you, Gentlemen of the House of Commons, the State of what will be necessary for the support of the Fleet and Armies, (which cannot possibly admit of being lessened in the year ensuing) and to recommend to your care the clearing of my Revenue, so as to enable me to subsist, and to maintain the charge of the Civil-List; the revenue being so engaged, that it must be wholly applied, after the 1st of Nov. next, to pay off the debts already charged upon it; and therefore a present consideration

The houses then adjourned to Oct. 6, when it was Resolved, nem. con. That an humble Address of Thanks be presented to his majesty, for his going into Ireland and hazarding his royal person for the reducing thereof;" and congratulating his success, and happy return: And a committee was appointed to prepare it.

Resolved, nem. con. That it be an Instruction to the said committee, to assure his majesty, in the said Address, that this house will assist and support his majesty and his government to the utmost of their power.

of his majesty, and returning the humble Thanks of this house for the same: And the same committee was ordered to prepare it.

Oct. 8. The privy counsellors of the house were ordered to move his majesty, That a State of the War for the year ensuing might be laid before the house.

Oct. 9. The earl of Ranelagh, pay-master of the Army, acquainted the house, That he had, by his majesty's order, prepared a List, or State of the Land Forces, for the next year ready;

and that his majesty had declared, "That no | wanting, on my part, to see them exactly apmore thereof should be used within his own plied to those uses for which you intend them, dominious than were absolutely necessary;" | At the same time, I must observe to you, that and that, besides what the said State amounted unto, the Army was in arrear 800,000l. And he delivered in the said State, or List, amounting in the whole, horse, dragoons, and foot, to 69,636 men, and 1,910,560l. 75. charge.

the posture of affairs abroad does necessarily require my presence at the Hague before the end of this year; and, by consequence, I must desire you to lose no time in the dispatching and perfecting such farther Supplies as are still neThen sir Thomas Lee, one of the commis- cessary for the Navy and Army, and not for sioners of the Admiralty, presented the house them only, but it is high time also, to put you an Estimate of the Navy for the year ensuing, in mind of making some provision for the exincluding the Ordnance, amounting in the whole pence of the Civil Government; which has no to 29,026 men, 1,791,695. 1s. 6d. charge; Funds for its support, since the Excise, which both which Estimates were referred to the com- was designed for that service, and also the mittee of supply.-The Officers of the Ordnance other branches of the Revenue, have been apdemanded for the ensuing year, one eighth part plied to other public uses; and, therefore, I of the whole charge of the Navy, and one fifth earnestly recommend it to your speedy considepart of the charge of the Army.-A Supply | ration." was voted for the entire reduction of Ireland, Report concerning Impeachments.] Oct. and securing the peace of this kingdom, and 30. A Report was made from the committee carrying on a vigorous war against France. appointed to inspect Precedents, whether ImOct. 9, p. m. The house attended their ma-peachments continue in statu quo from parliajesties with their Addresses, to which the king replied, "All Addresses from the house of commons are agreeable to me, especially such as express such a respect and affection to my person as this does: I shall always pursue the good and interest of the nation."

The queen answered, "I thank you, gentlemen, for your Address, and I am very glad that I have done any thing to your satisfaction."

Oct. 10. The Estimate of the charge of the Navy was voted reasonable, and the sum was ordered to be raised accordingly.

Oct. 13. A Supply was voted to their majesties for maintaining of an Army of 69,636 men; and Oct. 14, the sum of 2,294,5601, was voted for that purpose.

Oct. 16. Towards raising the Supply, an Assessment of 137,6417. 18s. 24. per month, for twelve months, was ordered to be charged on Land, and a Bill was ordered in accordingly. The Earl of Torrington *, having desired to be heard before the house, touching the matter for which he was in custody, he was brought thither by the marshal of the admiralty, and heard, Nov. 12, and his lordship's relation of the Engagement was delivered in by Mr. Henry Herbert, Nov. 17.

Nov. 21. A Bill for doubling the Excise on Beer, Ale, and other liquors passed.

The King's Speech to both Houses.] Nov. 25. His majesty come to the house of lords, and after passing several Bills, made the following Speech:

"My Lords and Gentlemen; I take this occasion, with great willingness, to assure you that I am extremely sensible of the zeal and chearfulness of all your proceedings in this session of parliament, and of the readiness which you, gentlemen of the house of commons, have shown in granting such large supplies towards the pressing occasions of the Navy and Army. And I do farther assure you, that I shall not be

See page 648, Note.

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ment to parliament, of several Precedents brought from the Tower. After the consideration of which Precedents, and others mentioned in the debate, and reading the orders made the 19th of March, 1678-9, and the 22d of May 1685, concerning Impeachments: and after long debate thereupon and several things moved, the question was put, Whether James earl of Salisbury and Henry earl of Peterborough * shall be now discharged from their bail? It was resolved in the affirmative.

Dec. 20. The substance of his Speech the king repeated (after passing several bills) urging them to use all possible dispatch, as the posture of affairs abroad would not admit of deferring his journey much beyond that time."

Dec. 23. A Bill was passed for attainting persons in rebellion in England and Ireland, and for applying their estates towards the charge of the war.

Dec. 24. A Sum not exceeding 570,000l. was voted to their majesties, for the building of 17 third rate Ships of 80 guns each, and 10 fourth rates of 60 guns each, as desired by his majesty in his last Speech.

The King's Speech at the close of the Session.] Jan. 5, 1690-1.--The king, impatient to be at the congress in Holland, came to the house of lords, and, after passing all the Bills that were ready, made the following Speech:

My lords and gentlemen; Having lately told you, that it would be necessary for me to go into Holland much about this time, I am very glad to find that the success of your endeavours to bring this session to a happy conclusion, has been such that I am now at liberty to do it. And I return you my hearty thanks for the great dispatch you have made in finishing the Supplies you have designed for carrying on the War; which it shall be my care to see duly and punctually applied to that service for which you have given them. And I do like

The crime these lords were charged with was being reconciled to the Church of Rome,

wise think it proper to assure you, that I shall not make any grant of the forfeited lands in England or Ireland, till there be another opportunity of settling that matter in parliament, in such manner as shall be thought most expedient. As I have reason to be very well satisfied with the proofs you have given me of your good affection in this session of parliament, so I promise myself the continuance of the same at your return into your several countries. And as every day produces still fresh instances of the restlessness of our enemies, both at home and abroad, in designing against the prosperity of this nation, and the government established, so I do not doubt but that the union and good correspondence between me and my parliament, and my earnest and constant endeavours for your preservation on the one hand, joined with the continuance of your zeal and affection to support me on the other, will, by the blessing of God, be at all times too strong for the utmost malice and contrivance of our common enemies." *

The lord chief baron Atkins then declared

* "No session of parliament, in the course of this reign, discovered greater unanimity, loyalty, and liberality, than that which now comes under our observation. The decided superiority of the Tories over the Whigs, in all their conflicts during the preceding session, bad damped the spirit of enterprise in the latter, and suggested to them the wiser policy of endeavouring to regain power by concession and complaisance, rather than by open and violent opposition to the measures of the court. A considerable proportion of offices were still left in their hands, and some incidents encouraged them to hope, that, by a gentle and natural progression, their influence in the cabinet might again prevail, and be established. Lord Godolphin, who now began to associate with the leaders of the Whigs, was placed at the head of the Treasury, in the room of sir James Lowther. Sir John Somers held the office of Solicitor General, and by his abilities and virtues, was every day gaining upon the confidence of the king. The Whigs had lately augmented their stock of merit, and strengthened their claims to royal favour, by the readiness and liberality with which they had subscribed to the public Supplies, while their antagonists, preferred to them in trust and office, discovered either want of confidence in the stability of the present government, or want of attachment to it, by being averse to trust their properties in the funds. They enjoyed also a splendid triumph, by still maintaining superior influence in the city of London, notwithstanding the popular and powerful engines which the Tories employed to wrest it out of their hands, by restoring the Charter of the city, and dispensing the favours of the court. The office of mayor, the most honourable, and that of chamberlain, the most lucrative in the city, were filled by Pilkington and Robison, both distinguished partisans of the Whigs." Somerville.

his majesty's pleasure, That both houses should adjourn to March 31 next ensuing, which they did accordingly*.

March 31, 1691. The house met, and by her majesty's pleasure adjourned to April 28, from thence to May 26, when it was prorogued by commission to June 30: from thence it was prorogued to August 3, from thence to October 5, and from thence to October 22.

THIRD SESSION OF THE SECOND PARLIAMENT.

The King's Speech on opening the Session.] Oct. 22, 1691. The houses met, when his majesty, in the house of lords, made the following Speech to both houses:

"My lords and gentlemen; I have appointed this meeting of parliament as soon as ever the affairs abroad would admit of my return into England, that you might have the more time to consider of the best and most effectual ways and means for the carrying on of the war against France this next year.-I am willing to hope, that the good success with which it hath pleased God to bless my arms in Ireland this summer, will not only be a great encouragement to you to proceed the more chearfully in this work, but will be looked upon by you as an earnest of future successes, which your timely assistance to me may, by God's blessing, procure us all. And, as I do not doubt but you will take care to pay the Arrears of that Army, which hath been so deserving, and so prosperous in the reducement of Ireland to a peaceable condition, so, I do assure you, that there shall be no care wanting, on my

*The king set out for Holland the next day, but the wind being contrary, he returned to Kensington on the 9th, and seven days after set out again, and after a very dangerous voyage, landed on the 18th. Soon after a most numerous Congress of sovereign princes was held at the Hague, at which king William presided, and where it was resolved to employ 222,000 men against France, of which England was to furnish 20,000. However, the French were so early in the field as to besiege Mons, March 5, and to oblige it to surrender April 1. The king being unable to raise the siege, returned to England April 13. In his absence a Plot had been discovered for restoring king James, laid by the earl of Clarendon, the bishop of Ely, (Dr. Turner), Lord Preston, and his brother, and Penn the Quaker, for which Ashton, a servant of king James's queen, was executed January 28. The king set out again for Holland to take the command of the allied army, April 30, but nothing material ensued in Flanders. Gen. Ginkle completed this summer the reduction of Ireland, by the taking of Athlone, June 30; the victory at Aghrim, July 12; and the taking of Limerick, October 3; for which services he had a pension, and the Thanks of the house of commons, and was created earl of Athlone and baron Aghrim. The events at sea were inconsiderable. The king returned to England October 19.

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