be of no avail. We must have recourse to some other expedient, such as suitable words to express origin, instrumentality, and end; thus, the Son of God redeemed mankind ;'- he redeemed them by his death;'-'he redeemed them for happiness.' In the first sentence, 'of' means beginning or origin; and God,' succeeding it, as being the origin of son, is said to be in the genitive case. In the second, by,' denotes instrumentality or medium; and as death' is the instrument or medium by which Christ redeemed man, it is said to be in the ablative case. In the third, for' expresses the end for which Christ redeemed man; the nounhappiness' succeeding it, is therefore in the final case, or, as it is commonly called, the dative case. The Nominative, as it implies the name of its object, is often used merely to address a person it is then said to be in the vocative case." See Grammar, Rees's Cyclop. Casual. See CADO. Casuit. tles cases of conscience. One who studies and set"The judgment of any casuist, or learned divine, concerning the state of a man's soul, is not sufficient to give him confidence." South. "Who shall decide when doctors disagree, "And soundest casuists doubt, like you and me." Pope. Epistle III. Caveat, from caveat, let him beware. A caveat is an intimation given to a man, notifying to him that he ought to beware how he acts in such or such an affair. › Cease, cessation. See CEDO, Celebrate, celebrity, celerity. See CELER. Celestial, from cœlestis, (cœlum, heaven); relating to the superior regions; heavenly. Censor and censure. See CENSEO. Censor was the title given to an officer in Rome, who had the power of correcting manners; whose business was also to register the names and effects of the citizens.-Census was a declaration made by the inhabitants, of their names, places of abode, family, &c. before the Censors. The word is at present used to denote an account taken of the population. According to the census taken by order of parliament in 1811, the population of the united kingdom amounted to 16,596,803. Cent, from centum, a hundred. Five per cent. that is five in the hundred. Centrifugal, from centrum, a centre, and fugio, I flee. Having the quality, acquired by bodies in motion, of receding from the centre.-Centripetal, (peto, I seek,) having a tendency towards the centre. Century, from centum. See CENT. Usually employed to specify time, as "the second century." Certain, certify. See CERNO. Cessation. See CEDO. Circle, circuit, circular. See CIRCUS. Circum. For words beginning with this word, see Cin Cite, citation. See CEO. The calling a person before a judge; a quotation or passage taken from another. "View the principles in their own authors, and not in the citations of those who could confute them." Watts. City, civic, civil. See CIVIS. Though the word city signifies with us such a town corporate as hath usually a bishop and cathedral church, yet it is not always so; Westminster being called a city, although it hath not now a bishop.-Civil, relating to the community. This word is used in a variety of ways: as, "the ecclesiastical courts are controlled by the civil.". A person banished or excommunicated, is said to suffer civil death, though not natural death. The civil magistrate's authority is distinguished from the authority of the military power. This is a civil process, not a criminal prosecution. Civil Law, is that law which every particular nation has established for itself. Civil War, a war between the people of the same state. List, the money allotted for the support of the king's household, and for defraying certain charges of government. Civil Year, is the legal year, or annual Civil account of time, which every government appoints to be used within its own dominions, and is so called in contradistinction to the natural year, which is measured exactly by the revolution of the heavenly bodies. Civilian denotes something belonging to the civil law; but more especially the doctors and professors thereof are called Civilians; of these there is a college or society in London, known by the name of Doctors' Commons. Class. Classic, or classical, an epithet chiefly applied to' authors read in the classes at school. The term class seems to owe its origin to Tullius Servius, who, in order to make an estimate of every person's estate, divided the Roman people into six parts, which he called classes. The persons of the first class, were, by way of eminence, called classici, (classics): hence, authors of the first rank came to be called classics. Code, or Codex. A collection of laws. The word comes from codex, a paper book; so called à codicibus arborum, the trunks of trees; the bark whereof being stripped off served the ancients to write their books on.-Codicil, from codicillus, a little book. A supplement to a will or other writing. Coequal-Coercive. See CUM. "The virtues of a general, or a king, are prudence, counsel, active fortitude, coercive power, and the exercise of magnanimity as well as justice." Dryden. Coeternal.-Coeval. See CUM. Coexistent. See CUM. "Time is taken for so much of duration as is coexistent with the motions of the great bodies of the universe." Locke. Cogent. See CUM. They have contrived methods of deceit to evade, if possible, this most cogent proof of a deity." Johnson. Cogitate, cogitation. See CUM. "Descartes proves that brutes have no cogitation, because they could never be brought to signify their thoughts by any artificial signs." Ray. Cohabitation. See CUM. "M. Brumans, at one bun dred and twenty-two years, died for love of his wife, (who was ninety-two at her death), after seventy years cohabitation." Tatler. Coheir, coheiress, cohere, cohesion. See CUM. "The very concurrence and coincidence of so many evidences that contribute to the proof, carry a great weight." Hale. Collate. See CUM. Collateral. See CUM. In genealogy, those that stand in equal relation to some common ancestor. Colleague. See CUM. Collect. See CUM. Collect denotes a prayer made for any particular day; and is so called either because the priest speaks in the name of the whole assembly whose sentiments and desires hé sums up by the words "Let us pray," or because those prayers are offered when the people are assembled together. A Collective Noun is a word which expresses a multitude, though itself is singular; as a company, an army. College, a number of persons gathered together. The principal use of the word College at present is to denote a public place, endowed with certain revenues, where the several parts of learning are taught.. Collision. See CUM. "The flint and steel you may move apart as long as you please; but it is the collision of them that must make them strike fire.".. Collocation. Colloquial.-Collusion. See CUM. Colony. See COLO. Combustion. See CUM. Commemorate. See CUM. "The original use of sacri fice was commemorative of the original revelation; a sort of daily memorial of what God declared and man believed." Commensurate. See Cum. "Those that are persuaded that they shall continue for ever, cannot chuse but aspire after a happiness commensurate to their duration." Tillotson. Comment, from commentor, I write notes upon an author; I explain; I make notes or observations. "Enter bis chamber, view his lifeless corpse, Shakespear. Commiserate. See CUM. Commission. See CUM. The act of entrusting any thing; a warrant by which any trust is held, or authority exercised. A number of people joined in a trust. -Commit, to give in trust. Commotion. See CUM. Tumult, public disorder. "The Iliad consists of battles, and a continued commotion. The Odyssey in patience and wisdom.” Commune. See CUM. To impart sentiments mutually ; to converse.-Communion. All the Christian churches were originally in communion with each other, having one common faith and discipline; in process of time diversity of opinions prevailed, and occasioned some churches to separate from the rest, and to form the distinct communions into which the Christian church is now divided. The three grand communions are that of the church of Rome, the Greek church, and that of the Protestant churches. "The Communicate, has the same origin as Commune. chief end of language in communication being to be understood, words serve not for that end, when any word does not excite in the hearers the same idea which it stands for in the mind of the speaker." Locke. Commutation. See CUM. "The use of money, in the commerce and traffic of mankind, is that of saving the commutation of more bulky commodities." Compact. See CUM. An agreement; a mutual and settled appointment between two or more, to do or not to do something. "In the first establishment of speech there was an implicit compact, founded upon common consent, that such and such words should be signs whereby they would express their thoughts one to another." Compare. See CUM. "Solon compared the people to |