Intestine. Intolerable.-Intoxicate.-Intrepid.--Intricate. See IN.

Intrigue has the same origin as INTRICATE. Intrigue is used to signify the plot of a play, or romance; or that point wherein the principal characters are the most embarrassed, through the artifice and opposition of certain persons, or the unfortunate falling out of certain accidents and circumstances.-Intrigue, in common language, is used to denote a plot; a private transaction in which several parties are engaged, and usually an affair of love.

Intrinsic, from intrinsecus, on the inside. A term applied to the real and genuine value of property of any kind ; in opposition to the extrinsic, apparent, or popular value.

Introduce, from introduco, (intro, within, and dueo, I lead.) I lead in.

Intrude and intrusion.-Intuition. See IN. Intuition. The act whereby the mind perceives the agreement or disagreement of two ideas, immediately by themselves, without the intervention of any other: in which the mind perceives the truth, as the eye doth the light, only by being directed to it. Thus the mind perceives that white is not black; that three are more than two, and equal to one and two.

Invade. See IN. "William the Conqueror invaded England in the year 1060."

Invalid.

Inveigh.-Invent. See IN. Invention denotes the act of finding any thing new or the thing thus found.-Invention is also used for the discovery of ang thing hidden. Thus on the 3d of May a festival is celebrated to commemorate the invention or finding of a wooden cross, supposed to be the true one, by Helena, the mother of Constantine the Great. Invert and inverse. See IN. Inverse ratio, is that in which more requires less, or less requires more. As for instance, in the case of light from a luminous object, the light received is less at a greater distance, and greater at a less distance; so that more as to dis

tance gives less as to light. This is usually expressed by the term inversely, or reciprocally, as the square of the distance.-Inversion. Change of order or time, so that the last is first, and the first last; or change of place, so that each takes the room of the other. Invest. Investigate.-Inveterate.--Invidious.—-Inundation. Invocation. See IN.

Invocation, in theo

logy, an act whereby we adore God, and call on him for assistance. The Romanists also practise invocation of saints, begging them to intercede with God in their behalf.-Invocation, in poetry, an address at the beginning of a poem, wherein the poet calls for the assistance of some god, particularly of his muse, or the deity of poetry. It may be observed that the deities invoked are not looked on as divine personages from whom the poets expect any real assistance. Under the name of Muse they wish for the genius of poetry, and for the qualities necessary for the execution of their design. These are mere allegories, or manners of expressing themselves poetically; just as when they personify and make gods of sleep, of fame, and other natural and moral things: and thus the Muses come to be of all ages, countries, and religions. There are Pagan, Christian, Greek, Latin, and English Muses.

Involve. See IN.

"One death involves

Thomson.

"Tyrants and slaves."

Inare. See IN.

"We may inure ourselves, by custom, to bear the extremities of weather without injury." Addison*.

&c.

Ure is an old word for used by Hooker, L'Estrange,

Journal. See DIES. Part III. An account kept of daily transactions.-Journey. The travel of a day.

"Soarce the sun

"Had finished half his journey."

Irruption. See IN.

Milton.

Item, from item, also, again, a second time. Item is a word used in a list of things to denote any article added to the former ones.

Itinerant, from itineror, I go a journey. (Itineror is derived from iter, a road, or the act of going on the road; and iter is from eo. See Eo. Part III.) Judge, from judico, (which is formed of jus. See Jus. and Dico. in Part III.) I speak what the law dictates. I give sentence. To judge, is sometimes used in the sense of, to pass severe censure, to doom severely, but this is a sense seldom found except in the Scripture. Judge not, that ye be not judged." Matt. vii. 1. See also, Luke vi. 37.

66

July, from Julius, the second name of Caius Julius Cæsar, who was born in this month.

June, from Junonius, belonging to Juno. This name was given to the month because there were festivals in honour of Juno in it. Some derive it à junioribus, this being for the young people what the month of May was for the old ones, a time of holiday.

Junior, from junior, the younger. Junior is the correlative of Senior.

Juxtaposition, from juxta, near, and position. (See PONO. Part III.) The state of being placed by each other.

L.

LABOR is derived, it is said, from labo, I fall or faint, because labour causes faintness.

Language, from lingua, a tongue. We may define language, if we consider it materially, to be letters forming and producing words and sentences; but if we consider it according to the design thereof, then language is apt signs for the communication of thoughts.-Linguist. A man skilful in languages. It was a saying of the Emperor Charles V. "that so many languages as a man understands, so many times he is a man.'

Latitude, from latitudo, breadth. Latitude, in geogra phy, the distance of a place from the equator. Latitude, in astronomy, is the distance of a star from the ecliptic.

Laudable, worthy to be praised, is from laudo, I praise. Longitude, from longitudo, length. Longitude of a place on the earth denotes its situation east or west: its latitude, which is reckoned from the equator, denotes its situation north or south. Longitude of a star, is the distance of its place from the vernal equinoctial point.

Lucubration, from lucubro, (lux, lucis, light,) I study or work by candle-light.

M.

MAJOR. A Latin term which signifies greater. Hence majority, the greater number. Majority is the contrary to minority.

Maxim, from maximum, the greatest. "That the temper, the sentiments, and the morality of men, is influenced by the example and disposition of those they converse with, is a reflexion which has long since passed into proverbs, and been ranked among the standing maxims of human wisdom." Rogers.

May, from Maia, the mother of Mercury; sacrifices being offered to her on the first of this month.

Mayor, corrupted from major, one who is greater than others. Mayor is the title given to the chief magistrate of a corporation who, in London and York, is called Lord Mayor.

Mediterranean, from medium, the middle, and terra, the earth. Something enclosed within land. Mediterranean, is more particularly used to signify a large sea, which flows between the continents of Europe and Africa.

Memento. A Latin word. A hint to awaken the memory. "Is not the spectacle of other people's death a memento sufficient to make you think of your own?" -Memorandum. A thing to be remembered.

Mile. The mile is of different extent in different countries. The Roman and Italian, or geographical mile, contains a thousand paces, mille passus, whence the term mile is derived.-Militia. A collective term understood of the bodies of soldiers, or persons who make a profession of arms. The word comes from the Latin, miles, a soldier; and miles, from mille, which was anciently written mile for in levying soldiers at Rome, as each tribe furnished a thousand, (mille or mile,) whoever was of that number was called miles.— Militant, (from militans, fighting,) a term applied to the church of Christ on earth, being still engaged in warfare with sin. "The state of Christians in this world is frequently compared to a state of warfare, and this allusion has appeared so just, that the character of militant has obtained, as the common distinction of that part of Christ's church sojourning here in this world, from that part of the family at rest." Rogers.The Romanists divide the church into militant, patient, and triumphant: the militant is on earth; the patient or passive, they place in purgatory; and the triumphant in heaven.

Millennium, compounded of mille, a thousand, and annus, a year. A term literally signifying a thousand years;