TABB, John Banister, b. Amelia Co., Va., 1845. A Catholic priest, instructor in English literature in St. Charles College, Ellicott City, Md. He served as captain's mate on a blockaderunner in the Civil War; was ordained in 1884, and has published "Poems," 1894; "Lyrics," 1897; An Octave to Mary." A revised edition of his poems is soon to appear. Father Tabb's lyrics are marked by exquisite beauty, point, and finish, and have won him a deserved reputation. TAPPAN, William Bingham, b. Beverly, Mass., 1794; d. West Needham, Mass., 1849. Was engaged for a large part of his life as a general agent of the American Sunday School Union in Cincinnati and Boston. Several volumes of his poems were published, largely devotional in character. TASSIN, Algernon, Harvard University, Class of 1892. TATNALL, Frances Dorr (Swift), b. Newark, N. J., 187-. Since 1889 she has been a resident of Wilmington, Del., where she was married, in 1897, to H. L. Tatnall, Jr. Her song Art Thou the Same " was set to music by her mother. TAYLOR, Bayard, b. Kennett Square, Penn., 11 Jan., 1825; d. Berlin, Germany, 19 Dec., 1878. It is impossible to give an adequate account in condensed form of this nomadic and eventful life, with its constantly shifting background. Reared in a little Quaker town, his two great ambitions as a child, both destined to be realized, were to become a poet and to travel. He was seven years old when he wrote his first verse, and the first published poem appeared in the " Saturday Evening Post," 1841, a "Soliloquy of a Young Poet." Ximen; or the Battle of the Sierra Morena, and Other Poems, by James Bayard Taylor,' appeared in 1844. The restless desire for travel overcame him in this year, and he went to Europe, where he tramped about for nearly two years on foot and in the face of great privation. He afterwards published "Views Afoot; or Europe seen with Knapsack and Staff," which brought him ample reward for his endurance. In 1848 he became chief of the literary department of the New York "Tribune." His reputation began, and increased, and he found many friends and plenty to do. His vivacity and humor as well as his genius won the public heart. In 1849 he sailed to California, where he spent five months, sharing the hardships of the gold-diggers. The record of his journey appeared under the title "Eldorado," etc. In July he read "The American Legend" before the Phi Beta Kappa Society at Cambridge, where it was received with marked favor. In October he married Miss Mary Agnew, whom he had loved since childhood. She was incurably ill, and died two months after their marHe sailed for Europe in 1851, and riage. shortly after his departure A Book of Romances, Lyrics, and Songs" was published. He journeyed into the East, and his letters to the Tribune" brought fame to him at home. During his life he published many books of travel, and was in constant demand in the lecture halls. In 1856 he broke down from overwork, and in July sailed again for Europe with his brother and sisters. He was everywhere received with distinction, but especially in Germany. Here he met Miss Marie Hansen, daughter of the astronomer, Prof. Hansen, and they were married in Gotha, 1857. In 1859 he was able to establish his well-known home, "Cedarcroft," in a broad-acred tract within his native town. But his life was a series of long travellings and trips abroad, letters and other contributions to the press, and innumerable lecture tours. The amount of work that he produced, in spite of this constant change and activity, seems almost incredible, but much of his prose was done with facile speed. His novels and poetry, however, were the result of careful and critical labor. His position in the literary world was enviable, and his friends were the most cultured men the country has produced. In 1862 he became secretary to the legation in Russia. The year following he published a novel, "Hannah Thurston," which was followed by John Godfrey's Fortunes," 1864, and "The Story of Kennett," 1866. In 1870 his translation of Goethe's "Faust" appeared, and nearly the entire first edition was sold in one day. His other poetical work includes "Rhymes of Travel, Ballads, and Poems," 1848; Poems of the Orient," 1854; "Poems of Bayard Taylor," 1864; "Poems," 1865; "Picture of St. John," 1866; "The Masque of the Gods,' 1872; " Lars, a Pastoral of Norway," 1873; "The Prophet," 1874; "Prince Deukalion,"1878. In 1878 he went to Germany as United States minister, eagerly intending, also, to complete his researches for a "Life of Goethe," which he had long projected, and was above all others fitted to write. But he soon fell ill, and suffered great pain, which he bore with courage for many days until his death. His widow has devoted herself to the re-editing of his Works," and also wrote with H. E. Scudder his "Life and Letters," 1884. For an account of Taylor and his time, cp. Poets of America," chap. xi. [B. D. L.] 66 TAYLOR, Charles Edward, Trinity College, Class of 1892. TAYLOR, Joseph Russell, educator, b. Circleville, O., 1868. His poems have not yet been collected. THAXTER, Mrs. Celia (Laighton), b. Portsmouth, N. H., 1836; d. Appledore Island, 66 N. H., 29 June, 1894. Her father was keeper of the lighthouse on the Isles of Shoals, where much of her life was spent, both before and after her marriage to Levi Lincoln Thaxter, the Browning scholar. Her works include Among the Isles of Shoals," 1873, papers published in The Atlantic Monthly; Poems," 1874, with later enlarged editions; "Drift-Weed," 1878; "Poems for Children,' "1883; The Cruise of the Mystery, and Other Poems," 1886; "The Yule Log," 1889; **An Island Garden," 1891; "Letters," and "Stories and Poems for Children," 1895. Mrs. Thaxter was something of an artist, and chiefly illustrated her own books in water-color for friends and collectors. THAYER, Stephen Henry, b. New Ipswich, N. H., Dec., 1839. He attended Appleton Academy, N. H., and after removing to Tarrytown, N. Y., became a banker in New York City. He has published "Songs of Sleepy Hollow," 1886, and is a frequent contributor of verse and critical essays to the current press. THAYER, William Roscoe, historian, b. Boston, Mass., 1859. He graduated at Harvard University, and was for several years instructor there in English. Editor of "The Harvard Graduates' Magazine " since its foundation, in 1892. His volumes of verse include “The Confession of Hermes, and Other Poems," 1884; "Hesper," an American drama, 1888 ; "Poems, New and Old," 1894. Mr. Thayer has made modern Italy the field of his important historical works and studies. THOMAS, Charles Edward, Yale University, Class of 1897. THOMAS, Edith Matilda, b. Chatham, O., 12 Aug., 1854. She had written but little for publication when in 1881 she met Mrs. Helen Jackson. The latter showed a keen interest in Miss Thomas's poetical work, and encouraged her to write for the public. Her poems, by turns strong and delicate, and always exquisitely finished, at once came into favor. As a prose writer, her sketches of nature, bird life, etc., have been of high order, and touched with a quality all her own, while other essays reveal the sympathy for the antique, the classicism that has so refined and chastened the beauty of her verse. Her place is secure among the truest living poets of our English tongue. Since 1888 she has lived in New York City. Among her best-known volumes in prose are "The Round Year," 1886; Children of the Seasons" series, 1888; Babes of the Year," 1888; "Babes of the Nation," 1889; Heaven and Earth," 1889. Her poems are contained chiefly in "A New Year's Mask," 1885; Lyrics and Sonnets," 1887; "The Inverted Torch," 1890; Fair Shadow Land," 1893; "In Sunshine Land," 1894; "In the Young World," 1895; A Winter Swallow, and other Verse," 1896. THOMAS, Frederick William, lawyer and journalist, b. Providence, R. I., 1808; d. Wash ington, D. C., 1866. He grew up in Charleston, S. C., and removed to Cincinnati, O., where he published "The Emigrant," poem, 1833; the novels," Clinton Bradshaw," 1835; East and West," 1836;" Howard Pinckney," 1840; "The Beechen Tree, and Other Poems," 1840; "Sketches of Character," 1849; "John Randolph of Roanoke," 1853. are THOMPSON, James Maurice, b. Fairfield, Ind., 9 Sept., 1844. His early life was passed in Kentucky and Georgia. He served in the Confederate army, and after the_war practised law at Crawfordsville, Ind. From 1885 to 1889 he was state geologist of Indiana. In 1890 he joined the literary staff of the N. Y. "Independent.' Among his writings "Hoosier Mosaics," 1875; "A Tallahassee Girl," novel, 1882; "Songs of Fair Weather," 1883; Byways and Bird-notes,” 1885; “ Sylvan Secrets in Bird-Songs and Brooks," 1887; "The Story of Louisiana," 1888; "Poems,' 1892; "The Ocala Boy," 1895; 'Lincoln's Grave," poem. Mr. Thompson stood at the head of our poetic celebrants of forest archery, fishing, and other outdoor sports. His critical writings exhibit independence and a sense of what should characterize American literature. D. Crawfordsville, Ind., 15 Feb., 1901. 66 66 THOMPSON, John Randolph, journalist, b. Richmond, Va., 23 Oct., 1823; d. New York, N. Y., 30 April, 1873. He graduated at the University of Virginia, and studied for the law. In 1847 he assumed the editorship of the "Southern Literary Messenger," which he held until 1859, during which period he made this magazine a notable success, and promoted the interests of literature in the South. In the last years of his life he was literary editor of the New York "Evening Post." He contributed much verse to American and English periodicals, including some popular lyrics, but his poems have not been issued in book-form. THOMPSON, Vance, b. 1862, of English parentage. After a boyhood in Pittsburgh, Penn., he graduated at Princeton and studied at German universities. Has since resided chiefly in New York, engaged as a journalist and playwright. Founded and edited "M'lle New York," an illustrated town-fortnightly. Among his plays are "In Old Japan; The Dresden Shepherdess; ""Floriane's Dream." Author of "Songs and Symbols," 1900; French Portraits: Being Appreciations of the Writers of Young France," 1900. THOMPSON, Will Henry, lawyer, b. Calhoun, Gordon Co., Ga., 1848. A brother of Maurice Thompson, and his comrade in the sports of outdoor life. Served in Confederate army through the war. Removed to Crawfordsville, Ind., in 1868, and later established there a law partnership with his brother. Became a resident of Seattle, Wash., in 1889. Noted as an orator, and the author of varions poems, among which is a strong ballad, "The High Tide at Gettysburg." BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES 66 THOREAU, Henry David, nonconformer and naturalist, b. Concord, Mass., 12 July, Graduated at 1817; d. there, 6 May, 1862. Harvard, 1837. He had no settled occupation, but did just enough teaching, lecturing, landsurveying, farming, and pencil-making to secure the necessities of life. He disliked society, and lived for more than two years in a hut built with his own hands, in 1845, near Walden Pond, on the property of his fellow-philosopher EmerA Week on the son. In 1849 he published Concord and Merrimack Rivers," describing a few days spent with his brother in boating and Walden, or camping out, ten years before. Life in the Woods," followed in 1854, and "Echoes of Harper's Ferry" in 1860. He was imprisoned for refusing to pay taxes to a State that did not condemn slavery. He observed nature closely, studied animals minutely, and struck a transcendental note in his poetry. He was a frequent contributor to "The Dial,' The Atlantic Monthly," the New York "Tribune," and other periodicals. His postExcursions in Field humous works were and Forest," with a memoir by Emerson, 1863; "The Maine Woods," 1864; "Cape Cod," "Letters to Various Persons," edited by Emer"A Yankee in Canada," 1866; son, 1865; Early Spring in Massachusetts,' 1884; "Winter," 1888; "Summer, tumn," 1892; "Works," ten vols., "Familiar Letters," 1894; "Poems of Nature," 1895. They were compiled for the most part from his diary, begun in 1835 and numbering 30 vols. 66 1881; Au TICKNOR, Francis Orrery, physician, b. Baldwin Co., Ga., 1822; d. near Columbus, Ga., 1874. He resided near Columbus, where he practised his profession, and is remembered for several favorite poems of the Civil War. His "Poems," 1879, were edited by Paul Hamilton Hayne. TILLEY, Lucy Evangeline, b. Chatham, O., 1859; d. Medina, O., 1890. She removed to Medina early in life. Many of her poems appeared in magazines and weekly publications. They were collected in two volumes, Rhymes in Brown," 1886; and "Verses," 1892. Little TILTON, Theodore, journalist and orator, b. New York, N. Y., 1835. Graduated at the he College of New York. After fifteen years of "The Independent,' Has editorial work on The Golden Age.' founded and edited lived abroad since 1883, and makes his home in Paris. His works include "The Sexton's Tale, and Other Poems," 1867; "Tempest Tossed,' 1882. Two story, 1873; "Swabian Stories," volumes, "The Chameleon's Dish," 1893, and Heart's Ease," 1894, both published in London, contain his revised complete poetical works. TIMROD, Henry, b. Charleston, S. C., 1829; d. Columbia, S. C., 1867. Son of the bookbinder, William Henry Timrod, who published a volume of verse. Slender means prevented the son from taking the full course at the University of Georgia, and he became a tutor in 66 the family of a Carolina planter. During the TOOKER, Lewis Frank, b. Port Jefferson, TORRENCE, Frederic Ridgely, librarian, b. Xenia, O., 1875. Educated at Miami and Princeton universities. His initial vol"The House of a Hundred Lights," ume, written after reading couplets from Bidpai, was published early in 1900. corre TOWNSEND, George Alfred, journalist, b. Georgetown, Del., 30 Jan., 1841. He was a New York "World" and "Herald spondent during the Civil War, and in 1866 a correspondent in the Austro-Prussian War, and throughout his subsequent life has been a breezy and picturesque writer, chiefly from Washington, for various journals. Among his · Campaigns of a Non-ComWashingpublications are batant," 1865; "Poems," 1870; Tales of the ton Outside and Inside," 1871; The Entailed Hat," Chesapeake," 1880; 66 66 novel, 1884; also lives of Garibaldi, Lincoln, and Levi P. Morton. Mr. Townsend's country home is on South Mountain, Md., where through his exertions a stately mural monument has been erected in memory of the Army Correspondents of the Civil War. An elegant "limited edition" of his poems was issued by subscription in 1898. TOWNSEND, Mary Ashley (Van Voor his), "Xariffa," b. Lyons, N. Y., 1832. Since her marriage to Gideon Townsend she has lived in New Orleans, La. She was chosen poet of "Pothe New Orleans exposition of 1884. Her works include The Brother Clerks," 1859; 1870; 'The Captain's Story," 1874; "Down the Bayou, Xariffa's Poems," 1881; "Distaff and Spinand Other Poems," 1882; dle," sonnets, 1895. ems, 66 TRASK, Kate (Nichols). See Katrina TRASK, Katrina (Kate Nichols Trask), b. Brooklyn, N. Y., 18. She was married to Spencer Trask, the banker, in 1874. Her Under King Constantine," 1893, legends and poems, composed in finished blank verse, has passed through several editions. Mrs. Trask has also issued Sonnets and Lyrics," 1894. at TRAUBEL, Horace Logo, b. Camden, N. J., 1858. Editorially connected with the BosCommonwealth" and Chicago "Unity," ton 1882-88. Established "The Conservator Camden, 1888, of which journal he has always been proprietor and editor. He was devoted to the personal welfare of Walt Whitman, assisted him in preparing the final editions of his prose and verse, and was one of his literary executors. Editor of Camden's Compliment to Walt Whitman," 1889; "Good-bye and Hail, Walt Whitman," 1892; In Re Walt Whitman," with R. M. Bucke and T. B. Harned, 1893. TROUBETSKOY, Princess Amélie (Rives), b. Richmond, Va., 1863. The granddaughter of Senator William C. Rives, of Virginia, and the daughter of Alfred L. Rives, engineer, of Castle Hill, Cobham, Va. She received her education from private instructors. Was first married to John Armstrong Chanler, of New York. She was afterwards married to Prince Pierre Troubetskoy, of Russia, and has since resided chiefly at Castle Hill. The success of "A Brother to Dragons, and Other OldTime Tales," 1888, was repeated by "The Quick or the Dead?" in the same year. Among her other works of fiction are Virginia of Virginia," According to St. John," and "Barbara Dering.' In verse, she is the author of "Herod and Mariamne: a Drama," 1889; and of many uncollected poems. 66 TROWBRIDGE, John Townsend, b. Ogden, N. Y., 18 Sept., 1827. He was born on a farm, and received his education in the common schools, supplemented by a term at a classical school and by private studies. In 1847 he began writing for the press, having come to New York, and soon afterwards he removed to Boston, in the vicinity of which he subsequently resided, engaged in editorial and literary work. He became a popular writer of juvenile fiction, of which he published many volumes, and was managing editor of "Our Young Folks" from 1870 to 1873. His books of verse include "The Vagabonds, and Other Poems," 1869; The Emigrant's Story," 1875; "A Home Idyl," 1881; and "The Lost Earl," 1888. TRUMBULL, Annie Eliot, b. Hartford, Conn., 1857. Graduated at the High School, Hartford, in which city she has since resided. A An Hour's Promise," 1889; "White Birches," 1893; "A Masque of Culture," play, 1893; Christmas Accident, and Other Stories," 1897; "Mistress Content Cradock," 1899. TUCKER, St. George, jurist, b. Bermuda, 1752; d. Warminster, Va., 1828. Graduated from William and Mary College, 1772; lieutenant-colonel in the Revolutionary War; judge of the Court of Appeals, 1804-11. Author of numerous law treatises, "The Probationary Odes of Jonathan Pindar, Esq.," 1896; and of occasional poems. UNDERWOOD, Wilbur, b. Washington, D. C., 1876. Educated in that city, which is his residence. Author of occasional poems and of "The Burden of the Desert," 1896. URMY, Clarence (Thomas), organist, b. San Francisco, Cal., 1858. His productions in book-form are "A Rosary of Rhyme," 1884; "A Vintage of Verse," 1897. VALENTINE, Edward Abram Uffington, b. Bellefonte, Penn., 1870. He was educated at Haverford College, and afterwards studied law in the Old Maryland University. He gave up the law for journalism and became literary editor of the Baltimore Evening News." ܙܪ 66 VAN DYKE, Henry, D. D., LL. D., b. Germantown, Penn., 1852. Graduated at Princeton, 1873; Princeton Theo. Sem., 1877; and Berlin University, 1879. Became pastor of the United Cong. Church, Newport, R. I. In 1882 was called to the pastorate of the Brick Presbyterian Church" of New York. In 1899, he accepted the professorship of English literature at Princeton. He delivered the memorial ode on the occasion of the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of his Alma Mater. The wide range of Dr. Van Dyke's equipment is shown by the record of his varied and felicitously written work. "The Reality of Religion," 1884; "The Story of the Psalms,” 1887; "The Poetry of Tennyson," 1890, enlarged edition, 1895; "Straight Sermons to Young Men," 1893; "Little Rivers," 1895; "The Gospel for an Age of Doubt," 1896 ; "The Builders, and Other Poems,' "The Gospel for a World of Sin," 1899; “The Toiling of Felix, and Other Poems," 1899; "Fisherman's Luck, and Other Uncertain Things," 1899. 1897; VAN RENSSELAER, Peyton, b. New York, N. Y., 1863. A resident of Stockbridge, Mass. His song "At Twilight " has been set to music by Ethelbert Nevin. VAN VORST, Marie, b. New York, N. Y., 187-. A daughter of the late Hooper C. Van Vorst, first president of the Holland Society, and long a justice of the Supreme Court of VENABLE, William Henry, b. near Waynesville, O., 1836. He was president of Chickering Institute, Cincinnati, 1881-86, and has published "June on the Miami, and Other Poems," 1871;"Melodies of the Heart," 1885; The Last Flight," 1893; Biography of William D. Gallagher," 1888; Footprints of the Pioneers in the Ohio Valley;"" The Beginnings of Literary Culture in the Ohio Valley." He edited 'Dramatic Scenes from the Best Authors," 1874. VERY, Jones, transcendentalist, b. Salem, Mass., 28 Aug., 1813; d. there, 8 May, 1880, He made voyages with his father, a cultivated sea-captain, and had schooling in Salem and New Orleans. A graduate of Harvard in 1836, he taught Greek there for two years. His first volume of essays and poems appeared in 1839. In 1843 the Cambridge Association licensed him to preach, but he was never ordained. He was the intimate friend of Emerson and Channing, and a frequent contributor to "The Christian Register" and other Unitarian journals. His friend James Freeman Clarke edited a complete posthumous edition of his poems and essays. In 1883 Very's "Poems" were reedited_by William P. Andrews, with a memoir. The sonnet, somewhat on the Shakesperean model, was the form of expression most natural to him. WALLACE, Lewis, soldier, lawyer, and novelist, b. Brookville, Ind., 10 Apr., 1827. Participated in the Mexican and Civil wars, gaining the rank of general in the latter. A resident of Crawfordsville, Ind., where he has practised law for many years. Gen. Wallace was U. S. minister to Turkey, 1881-85. Author of "The Fair God," 1873; Ben Hur," 1880; 66 The Prince of India," 1893. WARD, Elizabeth Stuart (Phelps), b. Andover, Mass., 1844. Daughter of Prof. Austin Phelps and of Elizabeth (Stuart) Phelps, also an author. Miss Phelps was married, 1888, to Rev. Herbert D. Ward, of New York City, a man of letters (son of Dr. W. Hayes Ward), and has since lived in Newton, Mass. Among her many works are "Ellen's Idol," 1864; "The Gates Ajar," 1868, which met with success, and has been followed by "Beyond the Gates," 1883; The Gates Between," 1887; the "Trotty" and Gipsy" series for children; "Poetic Studies," poems, 1875; "The Story of Avis," 1877; Songs of the Silent World," 1885, and "The Master of the Magicians," with her husband, 1890; "The Story of Jesus Christ," 1897. 64 WARD, Samuel, b. New York, N. Y., 1813; d. Pegli, Italy, 1884. Graduated at Columbia, and about 1862 removed to Washington. In 1871 he published "Lyrical Recre ations.' He was a brother of Julia Ward Howe; by turns a banker, diplomat, classicist, and expert in American Indian dialects. To the arts of a select bon vivant and man of the world, he diverted talents that might have gained him more than a passing distinction. His personal charm was a rare and lovable endowment. WARD, William Hayes, archæologist, b. Abington, Mass., 1835. Graduated at Amherst, 1856, and at Andover, 1859. He was professor of Latin at Ripon College, Wis., 1860-68, and became superintending editor of the New York "Independent," 1870, in which position he has since remained. He conducted the Wolfe expedition to Babylonia, 1884-85, and wrote a pamphlet on the subject. Author of "Notes on Oriental Antiquities," and numerous archæological articles in the "Bibliotheca Sacra " and elsewhere. WARE, Eugene Fitch, "Ironquill," lawyer, b. Hartford, Conn., 1841. Served during the Civil War, and afterwards was captain of cavalry and aid to Maj.-Gen. G. M. Dodge. He has twice been elected to the Kansas Senate. His quaint "Rhymes of Ironquill" appeared in 1885. An enlarged edition was published in 1899. WARNER, Charles Dudley, man of letters, b. Plainfield, Mass., 12 Sept., 1829; d. Hartford, Conn., 20 Oct., 1900. This honored author, editor, and social scientist occasionally wrote verse, of which the sonnet upon an Oriental theme, p. 308, is an interesting example. WATSON, Edward Willard, physician, b. Newport, R. I., 1843; now a resident of Philadelphia, Penn. Educated at the University of Pennsylvania and the University Medical School. Besides contributing to medical literature, Dr. Watson has published two volumes of verse: "To-day and Yesterday," 1895; Songs of Flying Hours," 1897. WAYLAND, John Elton, "Idas," lawyer, b. Waterbury, Conn., 1860. Graduated at Yale, 1883, and at the Columbia Law School, 1895. He was admitted to the New York bar the same year, and has since practised in that city. His poem "An Epilogue at Wallack's " appeared in the "Yale Courant" for 1882, and in W. Winter's "John Gilbert," published by the Dunlap Society, 1890. WEBB, Charles Henry, "John Paul," b. Rouse's Point, N. Y., 1834. Went to sea in boyhood. For three years was on the staff of the N. Y. "Times," contributing notable book reviews and special articles. His "John Paul' letters were long a feature of the Tribune." Founded The Californian." He, like Bret Harte, was a pioneer in the literature of the Pacific Slope; and, beginning as a humorist, has produced lyrics of a true poetic vein. Author of "John Paul's Book," 1874; "Parodies, |