CONTENTS

OF THE FIRST VOLUME.

CHAPTER I.

Porto Praya-Ribeira Grande-Atmospheric Dust with Infusoria -Habits of a Sea-slug and Cuttle-fish-St. Paul's Rocks, nonvolcanic-Singular Incrustations-Insects the first Colonists of Islands-Fernando Noronha-Bahia-Burnished Rocks-Habits of a Diodon-Pelagic Confervæ and Infusoria-Causes of discoloured Sea Page 1

CHAPTER II.

Rio de Janeiro-Excursion North of Cape Frio-Great Evaporation-Slavery-Botofogo Bay-Terrestrial Planaria-Clouds on the Corcovado-Heavy Rain-Musical Frogs-Phosphorescent Insects-Elater, springing Powers of--Blue Haze-Noise made by a Butterfly-Entomology-Ants-Wasp killing a Spider-Parasitical Spider-Artifices of an Epeira-Gregarious Spider-Spider with an unsymmetrical Web

CHAPTER III.

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Monte Video-Maldonado-Excursion to R. Polanco-Lazo and Bolas Partridges-Absence of Trees-Deer - Capybara, or River Hog-Tucutuco-Molothrus, cuckoo-like habits-Tyrant Flycatcher-Mocking-bird-Carrion Hawks-Tubes formed by Lightning-House struck.

CHAPTER IV.

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Rio Negro-Estancias attacked by the Indians-Salt LakesFlamingoes-R. Negro to R. Colorado-Sacred Tree--Patagonian Hare-Indian Families-General Rosas-Proceed to Bahia Blanca-Sand Dunes-Negro Lieutenant-Bahia BlancaSaline Incrustations--Punta Alta-Zorillo 80

CHAPTER V.

Bahia Blanca-Geology-Numerous gigantic extinct Quadrupeds -Recent Extinction-Longevity of Species-Large Animais

do not require a luxuriant Vegetation-Southern Africa-Siberian Fossils-Two Species of Ostrich-Habits of Oven-birdArmadilloes-Venomous Snake, Toad, Lizard-Hybernation of Animals-Habits of Sea-Pen-Indian Wars and MassacresArrow-head-Antiquarian Relic . Page 103

CHAPTER VI.

Set out for Buenos Ayres-Rio Sauce-Sierra Ventana-Third Posta-Driving Horses-Bolas-Partridges and Foxes-Features of the Country-Long-legged Plover-Teru-tero-Hailstorm-Natural Enclosures in the Sierra Tapalguen-Flesh of Puma-Meat Diet-Guardia del Monte-Effects of Cattle on the Vegetation-Cardoon-Buenos Ayres-Corral where Cattle are slaughtered

CHAPTER VII.

135

Excursion to St. Fé-Thistle-Beds-Habits of the BizcachaLittle Owl-Saline Streams-Level Plains-Mastodon-St. Fé -Change in Landscape-Geology-Tooth of extinct HorseRelation of the Fossil and recent Qnadrupeds of North and South America-Effects of a great Drought-Parana-Habits of the Jaguar-Scissor-beak-King-fisher, Parrot, and Scissortail-Revolution-Buenos Ayres-State of Government

CHAPTER VIII.

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Excursion to Colonia del Sacramiento-Value of an EstanciaCattle, how counted-Singular Breed of Oxen-Perforated Pebbles-Shepherd Dogs-Horses broken-in, Gauchos riding Character of Inhabitants-Rio Plata-Flocks of ButterfliesAëronaut Spiders-Phosphorescence of the Sea-Port Desire -Guanaco-Port St. Julian-Geology of Patagonia-Fossil gigantic Animal-Types of Organization constant-Change in the Zoology of America-Causes of Extinction 181

CHAPTER IX.

Santa Cruz-Expedition up the River--Indians--Immense Streams of Basaltic Lava-Fragments not transported by the River-Excavation of the Valley-Condor, habits of-Cordillera-Erratic Boulders of great size-Indian Relics-Return to the ShipFalkland Islands-Wild Horses, Cattle, Rabbits-Wolf-like Fox -Fire made of Bones-Manner of hunting wild Cattle-Geology-Streams of Stones-Scenes of Violence-Penguin-Geese -Eggs of Doris--Compound Animals

227

Tierra del Fuego, first arrival-Good Success Bay-An Account of the Fuegians on board-Interview with the Savages-Scenery of the Forests-Cape Horn-Wigwam Cove-Miserable Condition of the Savages--Famines-Cannibals-MatricideReligious Feelings-Great Gale-Beagle Channel-Ponsonby Sound-Build Wigwams and settle the Fuegians-Bifurcation of the Beagle Channel-Glaciers-Return to the Ship-Second Visit in the Ship to the Settlement-Equality of Condition amongst the Natives. Page 262

CHAPTER XI.

Strait of Magellan-Port Famine-Ascent of Mount Tarn-Forests-Edible Fungus-Zoology-Great Sea-weed-Leave Tierra del Fuego-Climate-Fruit-trees and Productions of the southern Coasts-Height of Snow-line on the Cordillera-Descent of Glaciers to the Sea-Icebergs formed-Transportal of Boulders-Climate and Productions of the Antarctic IslandsPreservation of frozen Carcasses-Recapitulation 297

CHAPTER XII.

Valparaiso Excursion to the foot of the Andes-Structure of the Land-Ascend the Bell of Quillota-Shattered Masses of Greenstone-Immense Valleys-Mines-State of Miners-Santiago -Hot Baths of Cauquenes-Gold-mines-Grinding-mills-Perforated Stones-Habits of the Puma-El Turco and Tapacolo -Humming-birds

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