1. A giant by the name of Hercules 2. Went in search of the golden apples 4. And carried a mighty club in his hands 5. He came upon some beautiful young women 6. Weaving flowers into wreaths 7. They tried to get him to go back to his mother 8. He carelessly lifted his club 9. And let it fall on a rock nearby 10. With the force of that idle blow 11. The rock was shattered all to pieces 13. That such a blow 14. Would have crushed 15. One of the dragon's heads (3) Write a sentence about each of the following Note to the Teacher. If the pupils are weak in identifying sentences, exercises similar to the foregoing may be drawn from other books and be continued. Kinds of Sentence as to Meaning 3. Declarative Sentence. Note these examples: William is my brother. Spring has come at last. The foregoing sentences tell or declare something. A sentence that tells or declares something is called declarative. A declarative sentence is a sentence that tells or declares something. 4. Interrogative Sentence. Note these examples: Which is your brother? What did she tell you? The foregoing sentences ask a question. A sentence that asks a question is called interrogative. An interrogative sentence is a sentence that asks a question. An interrogative sentence, which asks a question, is the opposite of a declarative sentence, which asserts; as, Who will go? (I will go.) EXERCISE 2 (1) Point out all declarative and interrogative sentences in Exercise 1. (2) Find ten declarative sentences, then change them into interrogative, and bring both sets to class. (3) Write first a declarative sentence, then an interrogative, about each of the following words: The first of the foregoing sentences expresses a command, the second expresses an entreaty. A sentence that expresses a command or an entreaty is called imperative.* An imperative sentence is a sentence that expresses a command or an entreaty. * According to the Joint Committee on Grammatical Nomenclature, all sentences are either declarative or interrogative, either exclamatory or non-exclamatory. The Committee regards imperative sentences as declarative. 6. Exclamatory Sentence. Note these examples: Now you have done it! Who would have thought it! Remember the school and play, boys! The first of the foregoing sentences is declarative, the second is interrogative, the third is imperative; but, as here used, each sentence expresses strong or sudden feeling, and, for that reason, is called exclamatory. An exclamatory sentence is a sentence that expresses strong or sudden feeling. You will note that each of the foregoing exclamatory sentences is followed by an exclamation point. This mark is the means by which an exclamatory sentence is distinguished from the other types. An ordinary declarative or imperative sentence is followed by a period, an ordinary interrogative sentence by an interrogation point. EXERCISE 3 (1) Classify the following sentences: 1. Hide, Martha, hide! 2. Who comes there? 3. Is it possible? 4. He prayeth best who loveth best. 5. Hear me and obey! 6. God has touched him.- Why should we? 7. Dance to the beat of the rain, little Fern. 8. The lark's on the wing. 9. The trees are all alive! 10. Come here, Elizabeth. 11. All's right in the world. 12. The woods are full of fairies! (2) Tell what kind of sentence each of the foregoing exclamatory sentences would be if it did not express strong or sudden feeling. (3) Classify the sentences in Exercise 6. Subject and Predicate 7. Essential Parts of a Sentence. Examine the follow ing sentences: Henry won. All young animals have feelings like ours. You will note that each of the foregoing sentences consists of two parts. The first part names that of which something is said and is called the subject; the second part tells what is said of the subject and is called the predicate. The subject of a sentence names that of which something is said. The predicate of a sentence tells what is said of the subject. The subject of an imperative sentence is not usually expressed, but may be readily supplied: as, Go (you go) at once; Wait (you wait) for me. EXERCISE 4 (1) Tell whether each of the following parts may be used as subject or predicate; then supply words so as to make a sentence of each: 1. The robin 2. Comes very early 3. The warm showers of April 4. Will bring flowers 5. The hot summer sun 6. Country children 7. Makes the crops grow 8. Should love nature 9. Wrote the Declaration of In dependence 10. The early settlers 11. Feeds the world 12. The first steam engine 13. Was conquered in the battle 14. Had many hardships (2) Separate the following sentences into subject and predicate: Model for written exercise: The wind is blowing hard. 1. The day was bright. 2. The count loves his daughter. 3. The clouds have hidden gold in them. 4. A good summer storm is a rain of riches. 5. Never punish a spirited animal for fretting. 6. Teasing a horse or a dog tends to spoil its temper. 7. Their rule of life is to make business a pleasure. 8. Gold once out of the earth is no more due unto it. 9. The Indians had a sort of money made of clam shells. 10. This strange sort of specie was taken in payment of debts by the English settlers. 8. Compound Subject. Note these sentences: (1) James spoke. (2) Henry spoke. The subjects of the foregoing sentences are different but the predicates are the same. By connecting the subjects, the two sentences may be combined into one; thus, James and Henry spoke. A subject consisting of two or more connected subjects having the same predicate is called compound. A compound subject is a subject consisting of two or more connected subjects having the same predicate. 9. Compound Predicate. Note these examples: (1) Mary came. (2) Mary returned. The predicates of the foregoing sentences are different but the subjects are the same. By connecting the predicates, the two sentences may be combined into one; thus, Mary came but returned. |