Abbot, C., on the battles of seals, 500. Abductor of the fifth metatarsal, presence of, in man, 42. Abercrombie, Dr., on disease of the brain affecting speech, 88. Abipones, marriage customs of the, 598.
Abou-Simbel, caves of, 168.
Abortion, prevalence of the practice of, 46.
Abstraction, power of, in animals, 83. Acalles, stridulation of, 306.
Acanthodactylus capensis, sexual dif- ferences of colour in, 357. Accentor modularis, 473. Acclimatisation, difference of, in dif- ferent races of men, 167. Achetidæ, stridulation of the, 282, 283, 285; rudimentary stridulating organs in female, 288.
Acilius sulcatus, elytra of the female, 276.
Acomus, development of spurs in the female of, 450.
Acridiidæ stridulation of the, 282, 286; rudimentary stridulating or- gans in female, 288.
Acromio-basilar muscle, and quad- rupedal gait, 42. Acting, 178.
Actinia, bright colours of, 260. Adams, Mr., migration of birds, 108; intelligence of nut-hatch, 418; on the Bombycilla carolinensis, 461. Admiral butterfly, 312. Adoption of the young of other ani-
mals by female monkeys, 70. Advancement in the organic scale, Von Baer's definition of, 164. Aeby, on the difference between the
skulls of man and the quadrumana, 149.
Esthetic faculty, not highly deve loped in savages, 93. Affection, maternal, 70; manifestation of, by animals, 70; parental and filial, partly the result of natural selection, 105; mutual, of birds, 410; shewn by birds in confine- ment, for certain persons, 411. Africa, probably the birthplace of man, 155; South, crossed popula- tion of, 174; South, retention of colour by the Dutch in, 193; South, proportion of the sexes in the but- terflies of, 250; tattooing practised in, 574; Northern, coiffure of natives of, 575.
Agassiz, L., on conscience in dogs, 103; on the coincidence of the races of man with zoological pro- vinces, 169; on the number of species of man, 174; on the court- ship of the land-snails, 262; on the brightness of the colours of male fishes during the breeding season, 340; on the frontal protuberance of the males of Geophagus and Cichla, 340, 345; male fishes hatching ova in their mouths, 345; sexual differences in colour of chro- mids, 345; on the slight sexual differences of the South Americans, 561; on the tattooing of the Ama- zonian Indians, 576.
Age, in relation to the transmissior of characters in birds, 463; va- riation in accordance with, in birds. 484.
Agelæus phoeniceus, 225, 416. Ageronia feronia, noise produced by, 307.
Agrion, dimorphism in. 290.
nudi-branch mollusca, 264. Allen, J. A., vigour of birds earliest hatched, 212, 213; effect of dif- ference of temperature, light, &c., on birds, 225; colours of birds, 422; on the relative size of the sexes of Callorhinus ursinus, 515; on the mane of Otaria jubata, 521; on the pairing of seals, 523; on sexual differences in the colour of bats, 534.
S., on the habits of Hoplo- pterus, 366; on the plumes of herons, 391; on the vernal moult of Herodias bubulcus, 393. Alligator, courtship of the male, 221, 351; roaring of the male, 567. Amadavat, pugnacity of male, 366. Amadina Lathami, display of plumage by the male, 402.
castanotis, display of plumage by the male, 402. Amazons, butterflies of the, 250; fishes of the, 343.
America, variation in the skulls of aborigines of, 26; wide range of aborigines of, 169; lice of the natives of, 170; general beardless- ness of the natives of, 560.
North, butterflies of, 250; Indians of, women a cause of strife among the, 561; Indians of, their notions of female beauty, 577, 580.
of, 29; native, variability of, 174; and negroes, difference of, 197; aversion of, to hair on the face, 580. Ammophila, on the jaws of, 275. Ammotragus tragelaphus, hairy fore- legs of, 531, 533.
Amphibia, affinity of, to the ganoid fishes, 159; vocal organs of the. 566.
Amphibians, 165, 348; breeding whilst immature, 485
Anatidæ, voices of, 374.
Anax junius, differences in the sexes of, 290.
Andaman islanders, susceptible to change of climate, 188.
Anderson, Dr., on the tail of Macacus brunneus, 59; the Bufo sikimmen- sis, 349; sounds of Echis carinata, 353.
Andræna fulva, 292.
Anglo-Saxons, estimation of the beard among the, 581.
Animals, domesticated, more fertile than wild, 45; cruelty of savages to, 118; characters common man and, 146; domestic, change of breeds of, 596.
Annelida, 264; colours of, 265. Anobium tessellatum, sounds produced by, 306.
Anolis cristatellus, male, crest of, 354; pugnacity of the male, 354; throat- pouch of, 354.
Anser canadensis, 416.
cygnoides, 415; knob at the base of the beak of, 426.
hyperboreus, whiteness of, 492 Antelope, prong-horned, horns of, 234
Antelopes, generally polygamous, 217; horns of, 234, 504; canine teeth of some male, 502; use of horns of 509; dorsal crests in, 550; dew- laps of, 531; winter change of two species of, 543; peculiar markings of, 543.
Antennæ, furnished with cushions in the male of Penthe, 276.
Anthidium manicatum, large male of, 273.
Anthocharis cardamines, 308, 312; sexual difference of colour in, 322. genutia, 312. sara, 312.
Anthophora acervorum, large male of,
Anthropidæ, 152.
Anthus, moulting of, 392. Antics of birds, 380.
Antigua, Dr. Nicholson's observations on yellow fever in, 195. Antilocapra americana, horns of, 234, 504, 507.
Antilope bezoartica, horned females of, 505, 506, 507; sexual difference in the colour of, 535.
Dorcas and euchore, 504. euchore, horns of, 509.
montana, rudimentary canines in the young male of, 514.
niger, sing sing, caama, and gor- gon, sexual differences in the colours of, 536.
oreas, horns of, 234.
saiga, polygamous habits of, 217. strepsiceros, horns of, 234.
subgutturosa, absence of sub- orbital pits in, 529. Antipathy, shewn by birds in confine- ment, to certain persons, 411. Ants, 147; large size of the cerebral ganglia in, 54; soldier-, large jaws of, 63; playing together, 69; memory in, 74; intcommunication of, by means of the antennæ, 89; habits of, 147; difference of the nexes in, 292; recognition of each other by, after separation, 292. White, habits of, 291.
Apat nia muliebris, male unknown, 254.
Apathus, difference of the sexes in, 292.
Apatura Iris, 307, 308.
Apes, difference of the young, froin the aut, 8; semi-erect attitude of some, 5. ; mastoid processes of, 53; influences of the jaw-muscles on the physiognomy of, 54; female destitute of large canines, 63; building platforms, 82; imitative faculties of, 129; anthropomor- phous, 153; probable speedy ex- termination of the, 156; Gratiolet on the evolution of, 177; canine teeth of male, 502; females of some, less hairy beneath than the males, 601.
long-armed, their mode of prc- gression, 52.
Aphasia, Dr. Bateman on, 88. Apis mellifica, large male of, 279. Apollo, Greek statues of, 581. Apoplexy in Cebus Azaræ, 7. Appendages, anal, of insects, 276. Approbation, influence of the love of, 109, 116, 131.
Aprosmictus scapulatus, 457. Aus, proportion of sexes, 255. Aquatic birds, frequency of white plumage in, 495.
Aquila chrysaetos, 408.
Arab women, elaborate and peculiar coiffure of, 583.
Arabs, fertility of crosses with other races, 171; gashing of cheeks and temples among the, 574. Arachnida, 272.
Arakhan, artificial widening of the forenead by the natives of, 583. Arboricola, young of, 468. Archeopteryx, 158.
Arctiidæ, coloration of the, 314. Ardea asha, rufescens, and cæruler, change of colour in, 494, 495.
cærulea, breeding in immature plumage, 484.
gularis, change of plumage in,
herodias, love-gestures of the male, 380.
ludoviciana, age of mature plu- mage in, 483; continued growth of crest and plumes in the male of 485.
nycticorax, cries of, 368.
Ardeola, young of, 468. Ardetta, changes of plumage in, 461. Argenteuil, 22.
Argus pheasant, 384, 403, 462; dis- play of plumage by the male, 398; ocellated spots of the, 428; grada- tion of characters in the, 434. Argyll, Duke of, on the physical weakness of man, 63; the fashion- ing of implements peculiar to man, 82; on the contest in man between right and wrong, 125; on the pri- mitive civilisation of man, 143; on the plumage of the male Argus pheasant, 398; on Urosticte Ben- jamini, 442, 443; on the nests of birds, 453.
Argynnis, colouring of the lower sur- face of, 314.
Aricoris epitus, sexual differences in the wings of, 277. Aristocracy, increased beauty of the, 586.
Arms, proportions of, in soldiers and sailors, 32; direction of the hair on the, 151.
and hands, free use of, indi- rectly correlated with diminution of canines, 53.
Arrest of development, 35, 36. Arrow-heads, stone, general resem- blance of, 179. Arrows, use of, 179.
Arteries, variations in the course of the, 26.
Artery, effect of tying, upon the lateral channels, 32. Arthropoda, 265.
Arts practised by savages, 179. Ascension, coloured incrustation on the rocks of, 263.
Ascidia, affinity of the lancelet to,
159; tadpole-like larvæ of, 159. Ascidians, 262; bright colours of some, 260.
Asinus, Asiatic and African species of, 548.
Ateuchus, cicatricosus, habits of, 300. Athalia, proportions of the sexes in, 254.
Atropus pulsatorius, 291. Attention, manifestations of, in ani mals, 73.
Audouin, V., on a hymenopterous pa- rasite with a sedentary male, 221. Audubon, J. J., on the pinioned goose, 105; on the speculum of Mergus cucullatus, 236; on the pugnacity of male birds, 362, 366; on Tetrao cupido, 367; on Ardea nycticorac, 368; on Sturnella ludoviciana, 368: on the vocal organs of Tetrao cupido, 371; on the drumming of the male Tetrao umbellus, 375; on sounds produced by the nightjar, 376; on Ardea herodias and Cath- artes jota, 380; on Mimus polj glottus, 393; on display in male birds, 394; on the spring change of colour in some finches, 394; recog- nition of a dog by a turkey, 412; selection of mate by female birds, 416; on the turkey, 411, 412, 419; on variation in the male scarlet tanager, 424; on the musk-rat, 542; on the habits of Pyranja æstiva, 453; on local differences in the nests of the same species of birds, 456; on the habits of wood- peckers, 458; on Bombycila caro- linensis, 461; on young females of Tyranga æstiva acquiring male cha- racters, 462; on the immature plumage of thrushes, 464; on the immature plumage of birds, 465 et se.; on birds breeding in immature plumage, 484; on the growth of the crest and plumes in the male Ardea ludoviciana, 485; on the change of colour in some species of Ardea, 494
Audubon and Bachman, M.M., on squirrels fighting, 500; on the Canadian lynx, 521.
Aughey, Prof., on rattlesnakes, 353. Austen, N.L., on Anolis cristateltus, 354.
Australia, not the birthplace of man, 155; half-castes killed by the natives of, 170; lice of the natives of, 170; prevalence of female in fanticide in, 592.
Australia, South, variation in the skulls of aborigines of, 26. Australians, colour of newborn chil- dren of, 557; relative height of the sexes of, 559; women a cause of war among the, 561.
Axis deer, sexual difference in the colour of the, 537.
Aymaras, measurements of the, 34; no grey hair among the, 559; hairlessness of the face in the, 561; long hair of the, 580. Azara, on the proportion of men and women among the Guaranys, 244; on Palamedea cornuta, 366; on the beards of the Guaranys, 561; on strife for women among the Guanas, 561; on infanticide, 577, 592; on the eradication of the eyebrows and eyelashes by the Indians of Para- guay, 580; on polyandry among the Guanas, 593; celibacy unknown among the savages of South Ame- rica, 594; on the freedom of divorce among the Charruas, 598.
Babbage, C., on the greater propertion of illegitimate female births, 244. Babirusa, tusks of the, 518. Baboon, revenge in a, 69; rage ex-
cited in, by reading, 71; manifes- tation of memory by a, 74; em- ploying a mat for shelter against the sun, 82; protected from punish- ment by its companions, 103.
Cape, mane of the male, 521; Hamadryas, mane of the male, 521. Baboons, effects of intoxicating li- quors on, 7; ears of, 15; diversity of the mental faculties in, 27; hands of, 50; habits of, 51; variability of the tail in, 58; manifestation of maternal affection by, 70; using stones and sticks as weapons, 81; co-operation of, 101; silence of, on plundering expeditions, 104; ap- parent polygamy of, 217; poly- gamous and social habits of, 590. Bachman, Dr., on the fertility of mu- lattoes, 171.
Baer, K. E. von, on embryonic deve- lopment, 9.
Bagehot, W., on the social virtue among primitive men, 117; slavery formerly beneficial, 117; on the value of obedience, 130; on human progress, 132; on the persistence of savage tribes in classical times, 183.
Bailly, E. M., on the mode of fighting of the Italian buffalo, 508; on the fighting of stags, 510.
Bain, A., on the sense of duty, 98; aid springing from sympathy, 103; on the basis of sympathy, 106; on love of approbation, &c., 109; on the idea of beauty, 584.
Baird, W., on a difference in colour between the males and females of
Baker, Mr., observation on the pro- portion of the sexes in pheasant- chicks, 247.
Sir S., on the fondness of the Arabs for discordant music, 380; on sexual difference in the colours of an antelope, 536; on the elephant and rhinoceros attacking white or grey horses, 540; on the disfigure- ments practised by the negroes, 541; on the gashing of the cheeks and temples practised in Arab countries, 574; on the coiffure of the North Africans, 575; on the perforation of the lower lip by the women of Latooka, 575; on the distinctive characters of the coiffure of central African tribes, 576; on the coiffure of Arab women, 584. "Balz" of the Black-cock, 363, 405. Bantam, Sebright, 211, 238. Banteng, horns of, 505; sexual dif-
ferences in the colours of the, 536. Banyal, colour of the, 579. Barbarism, primitive, of civilised nations, 143.
Barbs, filamentous, of the feathers, in certain birds, 385, 430. Barrago, F., on the Simian rosem- blances of man, 3.
Barr, Mr., on sexual preference in dogs, 524.
Barrington, Daines, on the language of birds, 86; on the clucking of the hen, 368; on the object of the song of birds, 369; on the singing of female birds, 370; on bird
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