*

been common for painters to attend to thefe, and alfo for fculptors of the first reputation to practise painting. Thus Phidias was originally a painter: Callimachus+ was a painter: Praxiteles and Lyfippus are mentioned among the inventors of encaustic painting.All these were ftatuaries of the very first eminence.

Euphranor modelled and made figures of porcelain; he was a sculptor alfo on marble: Protogenes caft in brass: § fo did Eutiches:¶ Polygnotus, Lesbocles, Prodorus and Pythodicus who were painters of note (particularly the first) did the fame; they appear alfo to have practised emboffing upon filver** (cælatura.) From this fashionable degree of general attention, in all probability, arofe that diffufion, among the ancient artists, of eafe and correctness of defign fo frequent in their remaining performances, and fo

• XXXV. 34.

+ XXXIV. 19.

I XXXV. 39. It is not indeed quite certain whether thefe were the fame perfons fo famous as fculptors, but from the fimilarity of name and the commonnefs of the circumftance, it is highly probable.

il Plin. XXXV. 40. § XXXIV. 19. and XXXV. 35.

¶ XXXV. 40.

** XXXIV. 19.

confpicuous

confpicuous in their expreffion of the human figure in particular.

Such are the principal facts and obfervations which I have been able to collect concerning the state of painting among the ancients. I have found it impoffible to avoid crowding the page with a multiplicity of quotations and references, confiftently with my defign of collecting, in a small compass, all the material facts upon the subject, and advancing none but in conjunction with the authority upon which it refts. Perhaps the fociety will deem the utility fufficient to compensate for the apparent pedantry of the method I have adopted, more especially as it will render it easy for others to correct the mistakes which I myself may have committed.

It seems from the preceding references to have been common among the ancient painters to attend to each branch of the imitative arts fo elegantly noticed in the following paffage of Apuleius: Enim vero quod lato fictum vel ære infufum, vel lapide incifum, vel cerâ inuftum, vel pigmento illitum, vel alio quopiam humano artificio adfimulatum Cadaveris ritu, unum vultum et immobilem expreffit. Apologia.

Some ACCOUNT of a MINE in which the AERATED BARYTES is found; by Mr. JAMES WATT, jun.

TH

READ NOVEMBER 30, 1789

HE late fuccefsful and important application of the Muriated Barytes, in fcrophylous cafes, by Dr. Crawford, having much increased the demand for that Salt, it is become of confequence to humanity that the means of procuring its bafis, the Ponderous or Barytical Earth, should be facilitated, and its scarcity diminished. The method commonly employed, of obtaining it from the Vitriolated Barytes, by treating this latter with mild alkali, or charcoal, is troublesome and expensive, whereas the Aerated Barytes prefents us with it naturally in such a ftate, that it may immediately be used for folutions in acids, without any previous preparation whatever; it is therefore much to be defired that the fources from whence a plentiful fupply of this lately discovered Foffil may be obtained, fhould be made known to the public, from whom its native places have hitherto been kept a fecret, and specimens of it been fold rather

for

Some ACCOUNT of a MINE in which the AERATED BARYTES is found; by Mr. JAMES WATT, jun.

TH

READ NOVEMBER 30, 1789

HE late fuccefsful and important applica tion of the Muriated Barytes, in fcrophy lous cafes, by Dr. Crawford, having muc increased the demand for that Salt, it is becom of confequence to humanity that the means procuring its bafis, the Ponderous or Baryti Earth, should be facilitated, and its scarcity dir nished. The method commonly employed, obtaining it from the Vitriolated Barytes, treating this latter with mild alkali, or charc is troublesome and expensive, whereas the A ted Barytes presents us with it naturally in a ftate, that it may immediately be used for 1 tions in acids, without any previous prepar. whatever; it is therefore much to be de that the fources from whence a plentiful fu of this lately discovered Foffil may be obta fhould be made known to the public, whom its native places have hitherto bee a fecret, and fpecimens of it been fold