sur-vå'. mân'-når. kom-pên'-såte. sur'-fâs. trẻzh'-úrz.

-Survey, view, prospect; to have under the view, overlook, oversee as one in authority, measure land.

Index, a table exhibiting the subjects treated in a book,
arranged in alphabetical order; (see "Table of Con-
tents," explained above ;) a key, figure of a hand.
Will cost, will subject you to, put to the expense of.
Pains, efforts, care, anxiety, labor, toil, penalty.
Profit, advantage, gain, improvement, proficiency ;-pro-
phet, one inspired to foretell future events, one of the
sacred writers, a holy teacher.

Compensate, recompense, repay, counterbalance.
Surface, outside, superficies, exterior.

Usually, commonly, habitually, frequently. Is it a primitive or derivative? From what verb is it derived? What are some other of its derivatives ?

From what

Subservient, conducive, subordinate, instrumentally useful, promoting the interest or advantage of. Is enlargement a primitive or a derivative? is it derived? What particle is prefixed? Treasures, things laid up, riches accumulated. Improvement, advancement of, cultivation, amelioration, process by which a person or thing becomes better. Disguise, dress designed to conceal; to conceal, cloak. What class of readers are here denominated unhappy? Why? What name is commonly given to that previous determination which is here censured? How does prejudice operate as an obstacle to improvement? Is this unhappiness their misfortune merely, or their crime? How might the expression-but they have determinedbe improved?

Intellectual powers, mental powers not belonging to the heart or will, understanding, reason, judgment.

Of what class of books must these directions be understood? What further direction is given in regard to practical Have you observed it?

treatises?

Survey, manner, compensate, surface, treasures, wherever, falsehood, chiefly, designed, necessary, persuasion colors, criminal, wrought, inclining, disguise, pains.

its secret disguises, let us search our hearts, and review our lives, and inquire how far we are criminal. Nor should we ever think we have done with the treatise, till we feel ourselves in sorrow for our past misconduct, and aspiring after a victory over those vices, or till we find a cure of those follies, begin to be wrought upon our souls.

In all our studies and pursuits of knowledge, let us remember, that virtue and vice, sin and holiness, and the conformity of our hearts and lives to the duties of true religion and morality, are things of far more consequence, than all the furniture of our understanding, and the richest treasures of mere speculative knowledge.

LESSON IX.

Studies.-LORD BACON.

STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business; for expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels and the plots and marshal ling of affairs, come best from those, that are learned. To spend too much time in studies, is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience; for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation. Read, not to contradict and confute, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse, but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested;

für'-ne-tshure. sêrtsh. sloth. hole. grånt. kraf-tè.

Begin. Would beginning be preferable?

How may some verbs be changed into nouns?

What three verbs, in adding ment, drop the final e ?
Into what can a noun ending in ment be changed?
How? Give an example.

What are we to remember in all our studies and pursuits?
Who was Bacon? When did he live? (Appendix.)
Studies, learning, attention to books, investigations.
Ornament, embellishment, splendor; to decorate, deck.
Privateness, retirement, solitude, opposite of public.
Change privateness into an adjective. (Ans.) Private.
Disposition, arrangement, temper. From what derived?
Expert, ready, dexterous, having had experience.

Change business into an adjective. What letter is changed? Change it into an adverb.

Plots, plans, schemes; contrives mischievously, devises. -Marshalling, arranging, leading, disposing in a regular manner. From what is the figure taken?

Sloth, laziness, tardiness, animal of very slow motion. Affectation, act of making an artificial appearance, false pretence, unnatural show, awkward imitation.

Humor, whim, freak, moisture, trick; to indulge. Natural abilities, abilities not acquired, original endow ments, powers existing originally in the mind.

Pruning, trimming, lopping, divesting trees of their superfluities, simplifying, retrenching. What is the image referred to in this expression?

Bounded, hedged, limited, confined; leaped.
Crafty, cunning, dexterous, sagacious, fraudulent.
Contemn, despise, disregard, treat with contumely.
Won, obtained, gained by contest or persuasion.
Confute, disprove, convict of error by argument.
Weigh, ponder on, reflect, ascertain the weight.
Tasted. What are books represented to be here?
Digested, concocted in the stomach, arrange method-
ically. What words are here used figurativ y !

Furniture, search, sloth, whole, grant, crafty, 13, pursuits, pruning, weigh, tasted, digested, swallowed, won.

that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books

also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading maketh a full man; conference, a ready man ; and writing, an exact man; and, therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets, witty; the mathematics, subtile; natural philosophy, deep; morals, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend; nay, there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises;walking is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head, and the like;-so if a man's wits be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for, in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again; if his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; if he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call upon one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyer's cases; so every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.

LESSON X.

Life of a Looking-Glass.-JANE TAYLOR.

Ir being very much the custom, as I am informed, even for obscure individuals, to furnish some account of themselves, for the edification of the public, I hope I shall not be deemed impertinent, for calling your attention to a few particulars of my own history. I cannot, deed, boast of any very extraordinary incidents; but naving, during the course of a long life, had much leisure and opportunity for observation, and being naturally of a

sub-til. ak-kount. im-per-te-nênt. rẻ-sète.

Curiously, inquisitively, attentively. Whence derived?
Deputy, one who acts for another, viceroy, proxy.
Extracts, selections, detached pieces, essences.
Arguments, reasons, topics, series of reasoning.
Distilled, separated from other substances by heat, dropped,
flowed gently and silently.

How are books considered in this figure?

Change ready into an adverb. What letter is changed?
Exact, precise, careful, always right; to extort.
Cunning, sagacity, shrewdness, dexterity, craftiness.
Confer, converse with others, hold conference, give.
Wit, mental faculties, quickness and oddity of thought.
What is understood after know that, &c.?
Mathematics, science of numbers and measures.
Subtile, thin, fine, acute, artful, sly, cunning.

-Deep, profound, abstract, of great depth; the ocean.
Morals, treatises on serious and religious subjects; man-
ners and habits, considered as virtuous or vicious.
-Grave, sober, sedate; charnel-house, place for the dead.
Logic, art of reasoning, reason, course of argument.
Rhetoric, art of speaking, eloquence, oratory.
Impediment, hinderance, obstacle. Whence derived?
Stone, a hard substance formed in the kidney or bladder.
Demonstrations, processes of reasoning, strong proofs.
Is never correctly used here? Why not?

Schoolmen, those skilled in the divinity and modes of reasoning of the old schools.

Illustrate, make light, make plain by examples. Receipt, prescription of ingredients for a cure, a writing acknowledging something received, act of receiving.

What is a fable? How does it differ from an allegory? Informed, instructed, apprized, certified, animated. Account, history, narrative, record of debt and credit, value, behalf; to compute, deem, give reasons.

Particulars, circumstances, minute details, individuals. During the course of, in the progress of, throughout.

Subtile, account, impertinent, receipt, extraordinary.