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hardship on innkeepers to quarter ral publicans had given up their
faldiers on them; and so it might; licences. It was likewise a measure
because the price paid for hay and very favourable to the exact ob-
How has not been raised for servance of discipline. For though
many years. But if a part of the soldiers were ftated hours
borge lums expended on building obliged to retire to their quarters,
barracks, were applied towards a yet when they were quartered in
rezionable increase of the price. a public house, this regulation
paid for hay and straw, the inn- could not be enforced. For in
keepers would be glad to have that case, when the officers went
them : secondly, barracks are said to bed, the soldiers might take the
to be necesiary, to keep the minds opportunity to leave their quarters,
of the foldiers, at the present mo- and might be engaged in riots or
ment, from being prejudiced and mischiets, which there were no
pined; but experience has long means of discovering or prevent-
cixeed, that those walls must be ing. But this could not occur in
kigh indeed which can keep opi- barracks, which were equally con-
biens from pafling them. But it ductive to the health and morals of
may be said, that a better discipline the troops lodged in them. In
can be preserved in barracks. Be public houses the soldiers were
that as it may, said Mr. Taylor, a continually exposed to the tempta-
onftitutional army is still to be. tion of expending that pay which
preferred, though its discipline may might procure them folid nourish-
sot admit of equal vigour. He ment, for noxious liquors, equal-

therefore moved, that it is the opi- ly pernicious to their conftitution the won of this House that the uni- and morals. With reiped to the

form and persevering opposition of utility of barracks, he referred to our ancestors to the erecting of the example of a fifter kingdom barracks in this country, was found- (Ireland) where they had been e upon a just sense of the true always in use. There so much' principles of our most excellent were their beneficial effects ex

croftitution, and that the opinion perienced, that thofe towns, where Eith then, e author

has been juftified upon high legal, they were not erected, even made and political authority, that the application for them, and could foldiers should live intermixed with not be satisfied without such an

the people, &c. according to the eltablishment, Eckfior,

surds of judge Blackstone already The inotion was supported by foldiers ted.

Mr. Fox, Mr.Courteney, Mr.Gray, ith the

Mr. Minchin confefled that he and Major Maitland, and opposed no bar

Ir no danger in the measure by fir George Young, secretary at

which had been so much objected war, should

fir George Howard, lord to by the honourable gentleman. Beauchamp, lord Mulgrave, Mr. He thought it, on the contrary, Burdon, and the chancellor of the

attended with many advantages. 'exchequer. It was the regatived, people,

And firit it relieved a certain de- by the order of the day being car-
scription of men from a grievous ried without a division.
tax, which, during last war had On the 25th of February Mr.
been so very opprettive that fevc- Dundas presented to the House bis

ftatetibip

od cities

e to line estleri svould be people a lak ein

afure lo

er great

ingo be

great

statement of the situation of affairs exhibiting the balance upon the in the provinces of India. This comparison of the revenues and statement, he said, was different in charges of the several settlements. its object from any he had hitherto In the present statement, he proofferred to the attention of the posed to combine the affairs of the House. Those of former years, East India Company at home except in one instance, had been and abroad, and declare the geneconfined to the state of financial ral balance resulting from such a affairs of the company in India, combination.

The first statement included the revenues and charges of the several settlements in India. The Revenues of Bengal, on the average of three years 1787-8 to 1789-90, amounted to

£ 5,454,107 Of Madras

1,296,468 Of Bombay

147,155

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In these years a considerable expence was incurred by preparations for war, and therefore the average cannot be considered as giving the result too favourable.

The countries ceded by Tippoo, at the termination of the war, are estimated to yield a revenue of about 400,000l.; no part of which could be included in the above average. But in order to bring this subject under one point of view, there was laid also before the Hcute an estimate of the future revenues and expences of the several settlements in India, formed by a commiitce of the Court of Directors for the use of the proprietors of India stock. In every instance the revenues appear to be taken on a very low statement; and in like manner great caution has been used in stating the other articles, that there thould not be any doubt of the result being better than the elumate. • In this estimate the commercial charges at the several settlements are fated as charges upon the revenues. In all former views of this subject, they have been considered as belonging to the trade, as that is the only purpose for which they are incurred.

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By the estimate the revenues are stated at

£6,963,625 And the charges, including commercial, at - - 5,342,575

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In this view, the net revenue of India appears to be 1,621,0501. or, if the cominercial charges, amounting to 104,450 1. be excluded, the excels of revenue, above the civil and military establishments, is 1,725,500l. :

The next subject for consideration is the amount of debts in India. as the interest on them is the first object to which th: net revenue is applicable. The total of their amount on the 31st of January 1702, is tiated at 0,084,550), whicli includes every article of debt known at that Duriod; and the bills not due or presented for acceptance are confidered as part of the debts then owing, which was not the cate in former ftatcmeats of this nature.

The net surplus, after defraying the civil, military, and comipercial charges and intereft on the debt, amounts to 1,059,127 1. Besides this fun, there is estimated to be fupplied from the sales of Europe, goods and certificates, 350,000 1. making a total of 1,409,1271. . is The amount of the goods from India fold in the last three years has been, per annum 1

- £ 2,394,751 Prime cost of ditto

- £. 1,090,185 Çufioms . . ...

- - 563,269 Freight and demurrage,

245,782 . ,. . Charges of merchandise, fix per cent. - . 143,684

..
Total

2,042,920

Being, on the average, an excess of the fale above the . .* · prime cost and charges

- £351,831 · This cannot be considered as the actual profit on the trade from India, becauie, in a mercantile point of view, the interest of the money cinpicved in that trade, and a fum for insurance, thould be allowed; but this excess of the tale value above the prime cost and charges fuiñciently proves that the remittance of the surplus revenue, through the medium of the trade, is a profitable mode, and that it may be realised at home with profit both to the public and the company. On the average of the latt three years, the prime cost of .. goods sold by the company was

2 £ 1,090,185 In the directors' report the coft of the annual investment is cftimated at

- - 1,127,000 Which exceeds the average cost of the goods fuld those three years by . ,' ;

35,815 And consequently the sale amount and proñt on the whole thould be betod.at a larger ium. But, in order to keep to far below the probabile

i acidad actual result as to meet unforeseen contingencies, the profits on the India trade are taken even below the sum already stated, as it certainly ap. pears in the estimate of the prime cost and sale amount of goods from India in the report to the court of directors. In this the sale amount of goods from India is stated at

£ 2,314,900 Prime cost of the same .

- £1,126,300 Customs

600,970 Freight

209,270 Charges of merchandises

138,894

12,075,434 Making an excess of the sale, over cost and charges

239,466 On the three years averages before stated, the amount was • •

351,831

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Having thus shewn what the future surplus of India, on the lowest calculation, may be stated to amount to, and having proved that a sum equal to that amount may be remitted home through the medium of trade, with profit both to the company and the public; the next object is to bring forward the state of the trade in general.

Accordingly by the average of the three last years, the profit on the trade, or more correctly, the excess of the sale amount above the prime cost and charges, was 916,497 per annum. Average of three years Tale amounts, March 1790 to 1793

£ 5,103,094 Average of three years prime cost and charges, March 1790, to 1793

4,186,597

£ 916,497 In these statements, the prime cost of the goods only is taken, and the charges at home, the commercial charges in India being, according to the estimate paid out of the surplus revenues. In the estimate of the cost, customs, freight, and charges

in England, the prime cost, and several charges on
the India and China goods, are estimated to amount
to

£ 4,244,698 And the sale amount of the same, to

4,988,300 Being an excess of sale amount

£ 743,603 which is less than the average of the last three years by 172,8951. per annum, and affords another proof of the . moderation of the estimates under consideration.

The next estimate states the annual receipts and payments of the · company at home. This, after allowing for a dividend of 81. per cent.

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its on the im the capital stock, makes the annual surplus at home, including the of goods s stich, together with the small lumi estimated to be left in India, makes

10:9,0271. derived from the revenues of India, amount to 1,207,114). the total surplus, 1,239,241).

The next article is the amount of goods and stores, to be exported to £234 bdia and China ; these, including St. Helena, amount to 1,017,000).

the goods and stores exported in 1791, amounted to 974,9591. and, in te present feason, are estimated at 1,083,3241. the amount in this efImate is therefore, about a medium of these two. It is impoflible, in

Esting this article, not to advert to the great increase which has been 3,03 made in the export trade, during the laft eight years, being, exclusive

of bullion, from 400,000l. a year to a million.

The article of bills of exchange, or bullion, is merely taken to make

up the estimated prime cost of goods in China, that prime cost being 3H provided for as follows: By laplies from India

£250,000 Gads exported

600,000 Ils or ballion

644,580 on the Total prime cost

1,494,580 e next Te goods and stores to be exported to India are estimated

400,000 profit org lan the Indian estimate, the amount to be received for the Dve the faleof imports is stated at

350,000 There is, therefore, an estimated loss on the goods and ftores exported to India, of

50,000

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1,16 The exports to China of goods, stores, and bullion, are not supposed

to field any profit; so that, on the whole, the export trade is estimated gilette produce a loss of 50,000l. per annum.

if it was material to enter into the investigation, I fould asign reafems for doubting the propriety of stating any tuch lots on the export tode; but it is not necessary, for the present purpose, to take up the tez of the committee with that discussion. I thall take the directors' ofate as they state it; and, upon the whole, from the several circumfraces above ftated, particularly from the low amount at which the surplas in India is taken, and from the low estimate of the sales and profit on the trade, there can be no doubt of this estimate being calculated in si urfavourable point of view, and that the furplus on the whole result

ing from it, as stated below the amount annually to be expected. 1784 Haring thus eftablished that a furplus, to the amount of 1,239,2411

. at beat

, may be expected in future, it next remains to conlider the moft tuitable mode of applying this surplus. The first object is the liquidation of the debts. These in India, mount, as has been above already stated, to 9,084,5501. ; of which 6933,9431 . bore interest in January, 1792: but which, from later ada

vices,

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FOTOD

VOL. XXXV.

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