20. We, the people of the United States, do hereby ordain the following Constitution.

21. Blessed with victory and peace, may the heavenrescued land praise the Power, that hath made and preserved us a nation!

22. They named him, John. He was called John. Farmers We read.

mow.

23. He was murdered in the woods. It was not told to him.

24. The boat, that refuses to pause in its passage and throw a line to smaller craft, will bring no tow into port.

25. In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning with God. All things were made by Him; and, without Him, was not anything made that was made.

26. He that has light within his own clear breast,
May sit in the centre, and enjoy bright day;
But he that hides a dark soul and foul thoughts,
Benighted walks under the mid-day sun.

27. So live, that when thy summons comes to join
The innumerable caravan, that moves

To the pale realms of shade, where each shall take
His chamber in the silent halls of death,

Thou go not like the quarry-slave at night,
Scourged to his dungeon; but, sustained and soothed.
By an unfaltering trust, approach thy grave,
Like one who wraps the drapery of his couch
About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams.

Bryant.

our safety at home, and Every year of its du

28. It is to the Union that we owe our consideration and dignity abroad. ration has teemed with fresh proof of its utility and its blessings; and, although our territory has stretched out wider and wider, and our population spread further and further, they have not outrun its protection or its benefits.-Webster.

NOTE I. Students should form written analyses or formulas of par agraphs, chapters, etc.

EXAMPLES FOR EXERCISE AND ANALYSIS.

1. In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. St. John.

2. Out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of he field, and every fowl of the air, and brought them unto Adam, to see what he would call them; and whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof. Genesis.

3. Adam said, This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of ny flesh; she shall be called Woman. Genesis.

4. Then the Lord answered Job out of the whirlwind, and said, Who is this that darkeneth counsel by words without knowledge? Job.

5. Language, that exclusive possession of reasoning beings, that first-born evidence of the immortal, the superhuman, and of the Supreme Being, in us, is the greeting of spirit to spirit, by which the likeness of our various natures and destinies is mutually revealed. Zschokke.

6. Only by speech is the slumbering reason awakened. Only by speech is it that the eye and the ear and all the other senses become one in action, and unite themselves with the creative thought, which the hands and other members only obey.

The boy born deaf and dumb, who killed his brother in mere imitation, when he saw him kill an animal, showed strikingly how little capable is man, without speech, of attaining to reasonable ideas, even while living amongst men, and in what a barbarous condition all his impulses remain. Herder.

7. Poets in all ages have in a simple, loving way praised speech as the most joyful gift of Heaven; and cultivated men of every clime have deeply felt what a wondrous gift was that of communicating thought. Dippolt.

8. Language is the sheath in which is kept the sword of the mind; the casket in which we preserve our jewel; the vessel in which we secure our drink; the storehouse where we lay up our food. Luther.

9. As words may be considered the garment of thoughts, so may language collectively be considered a picture of the soul. Since, therefore, thou findest pleasure in adorning thy body, do thou not bestow less care upon thy speech, which is the body of thy mind. Zschokke.

Secondary or Compound Contractions

CHAPTER III.

The Rhetorical Use of Thought Language.

1. DEFINITIONS.

The word, rhetorical,' means belonging to the science of fluency [in speaking].

The RHETORICAL Use of Thought Language is that in which the language and its meaning or essentials are considered in their mutual relations.

NOTE I. A knowledge of the Rhetorical Use of Language is indispensable to the narrator because it enables him to express a thought correctly and, also, to make the expression itself so pleasing to the narratee that he shall thereby be attracted to the thought.

The narrator should be so skilful in the use of Language as to be able to express a thought precisely, when he wishes so to do and, also, to use language ambiguously or as "an ingenious mode of concealing thought," when he wishes.

NOTE II. We must observe very carefully the difference between the Logical and the Rhetorical Uses. In the former, we mainly consider the thought; in the latter, we consider the Language as the representative of the thought; hence, in the Rhetorical Use both must be kept perfectly in view.

In the Logical Use, the Language is only a medium, through which we view the thought; in the Rhetorical, each is used to help us in viewing the other.

From what has been said above, we see that the Logical and the Rhetorical Uses of Thought Language will necessarily have a strong resemblance in certain of their parts. The thought is the gem-the kernel; the language is the casket-the husk. Too often, to the neglect of the thought, we content ourselves with the language. Knowledge and the power to express it, in fitting language, are an invaluable possession, but knowledge without language is valuable to its possessor only. Language, without knowledge, is merely noise. Said an eminent English Statesman, "In expressing my thoughts, I am never troubled for a word, but my friend, Mr. Burke, is never troubled for the word."

2. The Rhetorical Use of Thought Language may be considered; first, as to the Narrator's Use of it; second, as to the Narratee's Use of it.

1 RHETORICAL. al, belonging to; ic, science of; rhetor, of a fluent [speaker]. The Greek name for a pleasant speaker is Rhetor, which, literally, means the office of that which flows smoothly.