localized in special organs-the eye, ear, nose, tongue, and hand; while sensations which arise in the organic processes, and which belong to the general system, have no special organs, and are sometimes distinguished as systemic sensations. These tell us of our internal condition, and are subjective senses, while the others give us conceptions of things external to ourselves, and are therefore objective senses.

The systemic sensations, when located in the various organs of the body, are known as organic sensations, such as feelings of fatigue, hunger, sleepiness, agitations of the heart, muscular contractions, pains and pleasures of the alimentary canal, and so on, but when located in the skin, they are known as surface sensations, such as sensations of temperature, itching, tickling, and the like. Dr. Beard makes the interesting observation that the skin possesses a finer degree of sense than the flesh, being fuller of nervous branches; and, rising in the scale of sensibility, may be said to form the lowest of the organs of the senses. Feeling is the property and use of the skin of the human body, which enjoys it over its whole surface, but more exquisitely in some parts than in others. Thus, while the greater part of the skin possesses it in a degree sufficient only to guard the body from danger, by warning it of the contact of substances which might be injurious, there are other parts, as the palm of the hand and sole of the foot, which are endowed with a greater sensibility. The points of the fingers, from their convexity, are particularly adapted to be the organs of touch, and they possess this sense in the highest degree.

The tongue, as the organ of taste, appears to be endowed with its own special sense in a higher degree than the fingers are sensible to touch; for though it judges of the substances which constitute our food, by the same process as that used by the fingers—namely, contact-yet it goes farther and discerns qualities of flavor.

"A step higher," continues Dr. Beard, " may be ranked the organ of smelling. The nose is so acute in its sense, as to be impressed by the light and volatile effluvia rising from bodies and floating in the air, and can consequently distinguish substances at a considerable distance.

This organ

"Higher again stands the sensitive faculty of the ear. This

is qualified to be acted upon by the mere vibrations of the air, which, striking against this delicate part of our mechanism, produce sounds, and afford us information of things occurring at a great distance.

"But the most acute sense, and ranking, perhaps, next to the more simple operations of the mind, is that of sight. The eye, the beautiful organ of this power, is a type of its functions. In transparency, delicacy and brilliancy it surpasses all other parts of the body, appearing to lose the grosser characteristics of animal matter, and to approach the nature of the mind, to which it serves as the most useful, rapid, and extensive messenger for procuring knowledge of the various objects around us."

If you would have your senses perfect, and all your sensations pleasurable, the contingencies of accident and disease alone excepted, give due attention to the condition of your nervous system. Extending down along the spine is the great sympathetic nerve, with its numerous branches, distributed to the heart, the lungs, the liver, the stomach, the throat, the eye, the ear, and other organs, and having to do with the affections, painful and pleasurable, that make up the experiences of physical life.

Physicians tell us that through this sympathetic system we come to know what headache, backache, indigestion, convulsions, and numerous other maladies are, they being produced by the reflex action of this chain of nervous ganglia. They aver that through these nerve connections of the surfaces and extremities of our bodies with the internal organs we find out experimentally what organic diseases are. We "take cold" from wet feet, which "settles in the head," or upon the lungs, and then summon medical aid to cure us of catarrh, cough, and other common ailments. "Mental and moral emotions, fear, joy, and so forth, affect the stomach, the liver, and the heart through the sympathetic." So completely does the sympathetic system connect one internal organ with another, that in case of the affliction of any of these all the rest suffer more or less in sympathy. Especially is this true of the heart, the brain, the intestines, the liver and the stomach. The organs of the senses are also so connected with this great nervous fabric, that the amount of sensation they receive is regulated by its condition. The special

nerves of the senses are also exceedingly liable to impairment. The optic nerve suffers injury from some cause, and at once the eyesight fails and darkness covers the vision. The auditory nerve is paralyzed, and the ear no longer receives the sensation of sound; or it is impaired in some degree, and immediately familiar voices die away on the seemingly muffled ear like echoes on a farther shore. The olfactory nerve is destroyed, and straightway the hundred odors that attract or repel the perfect sense seem to lose their existence. In cases of paralysis in any part of the body, all natural feeling is lost, and is rarely, if ever, perfectly restored. Nervous exhaustion often cause irritable eyes, dilatation of the pupils, noises in the ears, numbness in the face, arms, fingers, legs, toes, and prickly sensations in various parts of the system. Mental depression and general debility attend on a weakened condition of the nervous forces.

SLEEP.

With Cervantes, we are all willing to exclaim: "Blessings light on him who first invented sleep! it covers a man all over, thoughts and all, like a cloak; it is meat for the hungry, drink for the thirsty, heat for the cold, and cold for the hot; in short, money that buys everything, balance and weight that makes the shepherd equal to the monarch, and the fool to the wise; there is only one evil in sleep, as I have heard, and it is that it resembles death." But it is only resemblance. In sleep, the heart beats on with its accustomed regularity, the lungs rise and fall, the blood goes coursing on, the tissues of every organ and fibre undergo healthful changes, digestion, assimilation and absorption continue just the same as in waking hours. True, as Longfellow says:

All sense of hearing and of sight
Enfold in the serene delight

And quietude of sleep,"

yet the brain and vital organs are sufficiently alert to keep up the regular course of life.

Sleep is a delightful freak of nature. Young depicts it as—