Intelligence: A New LookTransaction Publishers - Всего страниц: 227 The concept and measurement of intelligence present a curious paradox. On the one hand, scientists, fluent in the complex statistics of intelligence-testing theories, devote their lives to exploration of cognitive abilities. On the other hand, the media, and inexpert, cross-disciplinary scientists decry the effort as socially divisive and useless in practice. In the past decade, our understanding of testing has radically changed. Better selected samples have extended evidence on the role of heredity and environment in intelligence. There is new evidence on biology and behavior. Advances in molecular genetics have enabled us to discover DMA markers which can identify and isolate a gene for simple genetic traits, paving the way for the study of multiple gene traits, such as intelligence. Hans Eysenck believes these recent developments approximate a general paradigm which could form the basis for future research. He explores the many special abilities--verbal, numerical, visuo-spatial memory--that contribute to our cognitive behavior. He examines pathbreaking work on "multiple" intelligence, and the notion of "social" or "practical" intelligence and considers whether these new ideas have any scientific meaning. Eysenck also includes a study of creativity and intuition--as well as the production of works of art and science--identifying special factors that interact with general intelligence to produce predictable effects in the actual world. The work that Hans Eysenck has put together over the last fifty years in research into individual differences constitutes most of what anyone means by the structure and biological basis of personality and intelligence. A giant in the field of psychology, Eysenck almost single-handedly restructured and reordered his profession. Intelligence is Eysenck's final book and the third in a series of his works from Transaction. |
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... called the " Seven Coincidence Boards , " or wisdom boards ; these closely resemble the Form Boards used in modern nonverbal intelli- gence tests . The wisdom boards can be manipulated to form a variety of figures , as shown in figure ...
... called the standard de- viation ( S.D. ) which denotes the amount of spreadoutness of the whole curve . If the brightest child had an IQ of 120 , and the dullest one of 80 , the curve would have been much more compressed , as indicated ...
... ( called a matrix ) should form a certain pat- tern , identified by mathematicians as being of rank one . Thurstone ar- gued along similar lines that the matrix would be much more complex , and hence of a higher rank , corresponding to ...
... called " g " by Spearman . This is the widely accepted compromise between Galton and Binet , Spearman and Thurstone . I talked to both at the height of the controversy , and found that while they very much respected each other , each ...
... called " culture fair " tests , and tests requiring knowledge . Test 1.2 is culture fair ; no special- ized knowledge is required . A test of vocabulary knowledge would not be culture fair , because it demands specialized knowledge that ...
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Intelligence Reaction Time and Inspection Time | 49 |
The Biological Basis of Intelligence | 61 |
What is the Use of IQ Tests? | 81 |
Can We Improve IQ? | 97 |
Many Intelligences? | 107 |
Conditions for Excellence and Achievement | 135 |
Genius and Heredity | 147 |
Psychopathology and Creativity | 161 |
Cognition and Creativity | 173 |
Much Ado about IQ | 187 |
Endnotes References and Comments | 197 |
Mainstream Science on Intelligence | 213 |
Index | 221 |