Intelligence: A New LookTransaction Publishers - Всего страниц: 227 The concept and measurement of intelligence present a curious paradox. On the one hand, scientists, fluent in the complex statistics of intelligence-testing theories, devote their lives to exploration of cognitive abilities. On the other hand, the media, and inexpert, cross-disciplinary scientists decry the effort as socially divisive and useless in practice. In the past decade, our understanding of testing has radically changed. Better selected samples have extended evidence on the role of heredity and environment in intelligence. There is new evidence on biology and behavior. Advances in molecular genetics have enabled us to discover DMA markers which can identify and isolate a gene for simple genetic traits, paving the way for the study of multiple gene traits, such as intelligence. Hans Eysenck believes these recent developments approximate a general paradigm which could form the basis for future research. He explores the many special abilities--verbal, numerical, visuo-spatial memory--that contribute to our cognitive behavior. He examines pathbreaking work on "multiple" intelligence, and the notion of "social" or "practical" intelligence and considers whether these new ideas have any scientific meaning. Eysenck also includes a study of creativity and intuition--as well as the production of works of art and science--identifying special factors that interact with general intelligence to produce predictable effects in the actual world. The work that Hans Eysenck has put together over the last fifty years in research into individual differences constitutes most of what anyone means by the structure and biological basis of personality and intelligence. A giant in the field of psychology, Eysenck almost single-handedly restructured and reordered his profession. Intelligence is Eysenck's final book and the third in a series of his works from Transaction. |
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... correlations suggest a return to Sir Francis Galton's theories of mental speed , theories which also find support from the biological studies mentioned above . It has been part of the theory of intelligence for 1 Introduction.
... correlate quite well with IQ tests . Confucius categorized people into three types : superior , medium , or inferior— " as stupid as two spring worms , " as the Chinese put it . This classification , of course , reminds us of Plato's ...
... correlation over groups between IQ level , social status , and income . Whatever we may say about equality , clearly as a nation ( and that is true of all other nations where IQ testing has been carried out ) we do value very highly ...
... correlated around between 0.60 and 0.70 with the true , final order . ( The same is true of American football , or of cricket and baseball ) . The correlation between height and weight in a group of people will be around the same level ...
... correlate to form separate groups or factors , measuring different facul- ties . And finally these factors all correlate together to produce the all- embracing general intelligence factor called " g " by Spearman . This is the widely ...
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Intelligence Reaction Time and Inspection Time | 49 |
The Biological Basis of Intelligence | 61 |
What is the Use of IQ Tests? | 81 |
Can We Improve IQ? | 97 |
Many Intelligences? | 107 |
Conditions for Excellence and Achievement | 135 |
Genius and Heredity | 147 |
Psychopathology and Creativity | 161 |
Cognition and Creativity | 173 |
Much Ado about IQ | 187 |
Endnotes References and Comments | 197 |
Mainstream Science on Intelligence | 213 |
Index | 221 |