English History: Adapted to the Use of Schools and Young Persons ... - Eliza Robbins - Google Книги

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CONTENTS.

THE BRITISH EMPIRE.

Ancient Britons--Roman Invasion - The Druids-Antiquities-Prince

Scots and Picts-Departure of the Romans.-Saxon invasion.-Introduce

tion of Christianity into Britain,

Alfred His education-His virtues.-The Danes-Their ravages--De-

feated by Alfred. --Alfred's death.--State of England in this reign,

Saxon Successors of Alfred.-Clergy-St. Dunstan.-Edwy and El-

giva.—The Northmen.-Danish kings of England,

From Canute to the Norman conquest.-Saxon princes restored.-Bat-

tle of Hastings.---Condition of the people of England under the Sax-

William of Normandy-Edgar Atheling-Robert and William, the con-

queror's sons.-Death of William.- State of society under the Nor-
mans in England,

William II.--injures his

brother Robert-Robert goes to the Holy Land-

William killed in the New Forest. --Crusades,

Character of Henry I.–Robert returns to England—Succession of prince

William disputed.-Prince William drowned—The Empress Matil-

da.—Henry II. dies in Normandy-Arts, armor, and domestic man-

ders of the English-Chivalry,

Usurpation of Stephen-civil war in England.—Stephen taken prisoner

-Matilda abuses her own power-withdraws into Normandy.--The

succession settled on Henry Matilda's son.-Stephen dies,

Henry II.—his education_his abilities—grants a charter to the people-

and conquers Ireland - Thomas à Becket—his exaltation-his

death-Henry does penance for the death of Becket-Henry's do-

mestic affairs--- is death-Learning and customs in England, : . . 82
Queen Isabella rebels against her husband.--Edward II, deposed and

Richard I.-His Foreign enterprises.-Richard at Acre-Returns to Eu-

rope-made a prisoner in Germany—Ransomed-returns to England
--Killed at Chalus-Disorders in England,

John, a despicable prince-Arthur of Bretagne-John loses Normandy-

quarrels with the pope-persecutes the Jews-John makes submission

to the Pope-opposed by the barons--grants Magna Charta–Depress-
ed condition of the English people in this reign-John's death,

Henry III. succeeds his father-attempts to recover Normandy.--Civil

war between the king and the barons.-Prince Edward defends his

father's cause-joins the last Crusade.-Henry III. dies Progress of

society and of science in England,

Edward I.-His policy-makes war with the Welsh--Affairs of Scotland.

-Edward loses Guienne-Sir William Wallace-Edward I. dies

his character--Trade in England—The Tournament,

Edward II.-a weak prince.---Robert Bruce-Battle of Bannockburn.

murdered.---Manners of the Scots and English in this reign,

125

CHAP. XVI.

Edward III.--an inexperienced youth, but soon manifests ability--a war-

ike prince--punishes his mother-makes war with the king of Scot-

land--with the French.---The Black prince-Battle of Cressy--Siege

of Calais.--War with France prolonged-King David Bruce..--The

Black prince engages in the affairs of Spain--dies.-Edward the III.

dies.- Amusements of the English,

132

CHAP. XVII.

Richard II.-son of the Black Prince--the people rebel against Richard.

--Wat TylerRichard's presence of mind-his deterioration-loses his

popularity-Battle of Otterburne between the English and Scots.

Henry Bolingbroke banished-returns to England-assumes the Crown,

Richard Il. dies at Pontefract castle.---Reformation commences.-

Wickliffe---manners of the age-Language and literature-Liberty
of thought,

147

CHAP. XVIII.

Henry IV. succeeds Richard II.-Owen Glendower-Battle of Homildon

Hill-The Percies rebel against the king James I. of Scotland-a

prisoner in England-his history and character interesting—Prince

Henry-his good and bad qualities.--The king dies—state of religion
in England during this reign,

160

CHAP. XIX.

Henry V.--abandons the follies of his youth-his generosity-Lord Cob-

ham-one of the earliest Reformers in England.—Henry V. makes war
in France-Battle of Azincourt-Duke of Burgundy assassinated.

Henry V. marries the princess Catharine of France--he dies.-Com-
forts of life comparatively few in England in this age,

.. 169

Henry VI.--Affairs in France.—Joan of Arc.-Henry marries Margaret

of Anjou-The duke of York claims the crown.-England thrown into

a state of insurrection

and tumult-The Yorkists prevail over the king's

party-The Duke of York killed—his son proclaimed king-Parliamen-

tary power-state of the English navy, and of trade in this reign, 179

Edward IV.-a warlike prince. Margaret endeavors to obtain the

throne for her son. The battle of Hexham.-Lancastrians suffer great

distress-Henry VI. restored-Lancastrians finally defeated-Edward

IV. reinstated—dies.--Printing introduced into England, ... 193

Edward V.-Richard, duke of Gloucester-his

dissimulation-Lord Hast-

ings beheaded-young princes murdered.-Gloucester crowned king.–

Popular amusements in England in this reign,

Richard III.--conspiracy formed against him.-Earl of Richmond-col-

lects an army-Richard encounters the earl of Richmond killed at

Bosworth Field.--The Plantagenet kings,

Henry VII.--His character.--Simnel, an impostor, pretends to the crown

of England-Perkin Warbeck does the same.-- Formidable insurrec-

tion-Henry at last reigns in peace--He dies.-Extraordinary changes

in the tenure of property, and the military service in England-Disco-

very undertaken by the English,

Henry VIII. succeeds his father--Cardinal Wolsey--Henry goes to

France-his contemporaries Francis I. and Charles V.--Festivities in

France.-Catharine--Anne Boleyn-Cranmer-Henry quarrels with

the Pope.--Suppresses monasteries-makes war with Scotland

Henry dies.--Bible translated in this reign--the Reformation advanced, 221

Edward VI.-Somerset the protector-Religious disturbances--Edward

a protestant--his health declines-He dies--Church of England-pro-

gress of Reformation,

Mary-Lady Jane Grey--Mary persecutes the Protestants-marries

Philip of Spain--Gardiner and Bonner-persecutors of Protestants.-

Martyrs.--Philip quits England-Mary dies.-Manners in England

during this reign,

Queen Elizabeth--popular with the English nation-a protestant---

chooses wise ministers---refuses to marry---Mary, queen of Scots---

her follies and misfortunes---a prisoner in England---Mary beheaded.

---Spanish invasion.---Elizabeth conducts herself amirably in this junc-

ture.---Armada dispersed. ---Earl of Essex---Elizabeth dies.---Condi-

tion of England,

James I.---Lady Arabella Stuart-Sir Walter Raleigh.---James a peace.

able prince---Prince Charles marries Henrietta Maria of France---

Prince Henry---death of the king,

Charles I.---a well disposed, not a wise man.---'

-- The Duke of Buckingham

---Sir Thomas Wentworth---Archbishop Laud---Charles unpopular in

Scotland---Lord Strafford executed.---Rebellion in Ireland---civil war

in England---Cromwell---war continued---religious Sects---Charles

made prisoner by the parliament---Executed,

The Commonwealth---Prince Charles---Cromwell maintains his power

---Charles withdraws to the continent---Cromwell abolishes the par-

liament---His sons---Cromwell dies,

Charles II. --- The Restoration--- The regicides---Church affairs---Na-

val battles with the Dutch---Plague in England---great fire of London

---Civil troubles---Charles dies---Profligacy of manners in England at

James II.---Monmouth's conspiracy---James a Catholic. ---William of

Nassau invited to England---James abdicates the throne---takes refuge

in France---Mr. Boyle,

William III.---not well suited to the English---Battle of Killikrankie---

James lands in Ireland---Battle of the Boyne--- Massacre of Glencoe--

Queen Mary dies---William dies---National debt,

Queen Anne.---Whigs and Tories ---Sir George Rooke---Marlborough

---Lord Peterborough---The pretender--- The Union with Scotland. --

death of Anne--- Sir Isaac Newton,

George I.---Lewis XIV.---aids the pretender---He lands in Scotland---

his adherents punished---The South Sea Scheme.---George I. visits

Hanover---dies at Osnaburgh,

George II.---engages in a continental war.---Prince Charles, the young

pretender kindles war in Scotland---advances into England---is forced

back--defeated at Culloden---War in America with the French-..

Treaty of Aix-le-Chapelle---George II. dies---The last of the Stuarts, 356

George III.---European warfare.---American war of Independence.---

Lord Chatham---pretences for war.---French revolution---Bonaparte

---Peninsular war.-ne

--Sir John Moore---Lord Wellington---Bonaparte

sent to Elba---Battle of Waterloo---general peace in Europe---George

Conclusion---George IV.---William IV.--- British India,

ENGLISH HISTORY.

THE BRITISH EMPIRE.

Of all countries upon the globe there is none of which the history is more interesting to the American than Great Britain. To most of us it is the country of our ancestors, and is that from which our language and many of our institutions are derived. At the present time there is no nation upon earth of greater resources in learning and science, in wise men and useful arts; no nation, in despite of some traits of character which are neither to be admired or imitated, in which religion and literature, virtue and happiness, liberty of thought and freedom of speech, security of property and authority of law, are so generally enjoyed as in England.

We have only to go back in past time, a little more than eighteen centuries, and we shall find the present highly cultivated, civilized, and wealthy country of Great Britain, the abode of savage and hostile tribes, sunk in heathenism and ignorance, without comfortable habitations or decent garments.

“Time was, when clothing sumptuous or for use
Save their own painted skins, our sires had none."

COWPER'S TASK.

At the present time, (1833,) the country which was once to rude and poor, is not only a powerful and rich kingdom within itself, but its dominion extends to every sea, and every quarter of the globe. The following account of the British Empire is taken from Hale's Geography.

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