artists. How our hearts grow warm as we contemplate the Holy Family of Rubens. See the Virgin Mother and Elizabeth with her hands clasped behind her little son John afterwards "The Baptist",-an atmosphere of domestic love and peace. And no less will you be stirred by the Holy Family of Murillo. See the little St. John holding up the cross-a symbol of the suffering to be endured by the Savior. There is, also, the staff of the Good Shepherd, and above is Jehovah proclaiming "This is my beloved Son." And just above the Savior's head hovers the dovesymbol of the descent of the Holy Ghost; while farther up are the forms of little angels bending in loving admiration and wonder over the Christ child below. Many are the works of art centering about the Christ: The Announcement to the Shepherds, Christ Blessing Little Children and Christ's Entry into Jerusalem by Plockhorst; The Annunciation, The Worship of the Wise Men, The Flight into Egypt, In the Temple with the Doctors, The Last Supper, The Crucifixion, Easter Morning, The Marys at the Sepulcher by Hofmann; Christ before Pilate by Munkacsy, and a host of others. Can one contemplate

such scenes as these and not move his soul to better living?

The study of such pictures must open a new field for the intellect in the study of biography, the location and value of these pictures. It must give ethical and esthetic culture to the emotions. It must enhance art appreciation, and quicken art studies in our country. And it must have a great moral effect upon the race. Study Oertel's Rock of Ages and have more faith; Munier's Morning Prayer and be more childlike; Faed's Always Tell the Truth and be more sincere; Raphael's Deliverance of St. Peter and be more trustful; Grust's Morning Praise and be less discouraged; Millet's Angelus and be more worshipful; Plockhurst's Guardian Angel and know there are

"Beautiful angels watching close by,

Sent from the loving Father on high,

Keep us when sin or danger is nigh, Beautiful angels of light.

"When on the brink of evil we stand,

Then may we feel the soft angelhand,

Then may we heed the whispered command,

'Walk in the pathway of right.'"

teresting article on heat which appears in the last issue of the MONTHLY, I undersstand him to imply that radiant heat-producing energy that proceeds from a redhot stove is identical with that which proceeds from the sun. If this be true, why is it that a pane of glass, which does not intercept the sun radiations, does intercept those from the stove?

Again, if, as Mr. Culler asserts, there are no "molecules between our air and the sun" what transmits the energy? How does Mr. Culler or anybody else know that this proposition is true? He asserts that when his "radiant energy is arrested in its flight" heat results in the arresting body, and likens the phenomenon to the production of heat by a rifle bullet that is suddenly stopped. But if there are no molecules and presumably, therefore, no matter between our atmosphere and the sun, there is, in the case of the heat produced by the "stopping" of the radiant energy, nothing to represent the rifle ball. In other words, there is heat resulting from arrested motion when there is in fact nothing to

move.

That there should be a sharp distinction made between the term

which produces heat, is quite evident, but in teaching this we should avoid the statement of mutually destructive propositions. Assuredly there can be no motion when there is nothing to move.

As a matter of fact there is no positive knowledge regarding the nature of the material molecules, much less of the ultimate constitution of the ethereal substance that theoretically unites the different parts of the sensible material universe. Prof. Tyndall all but demonstrated that heat is merely a "mode of motion," but neither he nor anyone else has shown us all the means by which this form of motion may originate or by what means it is transmitted. The cultivated scientific imagination has given us some clear pictures as to how the phenomena may occur, but we must be cautious about accepting these imaginings for ascertained realities.

It is going rather far to denounce as "unscientific" the statement that "heat passes from a hot stove to one's hand." We know that the stove gives off its heat or heat motion, and that the hand gains some of it, and it is admitted that the transmission is effected by some form of vibratory energy;

hence, the statement that the heat passes from the stove to the hand does not appear to be so far from the probable truth as to be "unscientific." Surely it is no more so than the statement that light

passes from the sun to the earth, or from the lamp to the printed page, or that electricity passes from the storage battery to the carbon in the electric lamp, or from the Marconi transmitter to the receiver.

Some days since the writer had occasion to travel from Columbus to East Liverpool, and the contemplation of geographical and historical subjects en route afforded pleasing immunity from the tedium of railway travel. The study of water sheds on a train, has its disadvantages, but one can often determine about where the waters part even at the rate of forty miles an hour, and then the imagination can be given loose rein in tracing these streams to their junction with others until they finally reach the rivers and so on to the ocean. Then if one inserts in the picture here and there, an old mill, a water fall, and ever and anon a good fishing pool beneath the kindly branches of a noble elm the scene is not without fascination. At Newark one takes a trip (in imagination) out to the park to see again the celebrated Eagle Mound, one of the delights of the archæologist. This is surely the far-famed "great American Eagle," giving to

Ohio still another claim to distinction. One must needs think, also, of those other marvelous earthworks only a mile or so distant, whose secret well nigh baffles even conjecture. There seems to be a tacit agreement that they were designed for military purposes-but further than that all is mystery. One longs to see the famous double tree that Licking county boasts, but other scenes obtrude. The canal is in sight and its presence conjures up a host of associations, the struggles in congress over public improvements, the attempts to make this subject a party measure, and finally the construction of the Erie canal under the sturdy second Adams, which brought civilization westward with a mighty impulse, that neither stopped nor stayed till bidden to halt by the Pacific Ocean. And the canal lock-strange, isn't it, that the world should use practically the same kind of lock from the time of the Pharaohs down to the year 1897? Now the Chicago

drainage canal, and the Nicaraugua canal. Well, we have made some progress since 1825, but even these great works do not mean more for civilization than their early predecessors. But here are cars of iron ore, evidently from the Michigan country. Those "Wolverines" made a pretty fair bargain in getting the upper peninsula in lieu of the little strip off northern Ohio. But they didn't know it then, and, consequently, were not altogether happy. Where is the exact spot, anyhow, where iron and coal may meet with greatest profit? The man who can locate it may be sure of a munificent bonus. Carnegie thought he had it located at Pittsburg, but Tom L. Johnson has located it at Lorain. Ironton once laid claim to it, but the collapse of the great Etna furnace proved the claim unfounded. Of course this spot must be in Ohio, but the exact location furnishes a nice question of geography and finance. Newcomerstown-rich in legend, Gnadenhutten, in history. Here's the bloodiest page in the history of our state, and we look out of the window eagerly for the marble shaft that commemorates the event. We wonder, too, if any one of these people standing here is a scion of the justly celebrated Heckwelder stock. At Scio we pass through a forest of derricks denoting the oil field-which calls the geologist to the fore. Oil, gas, carboniferous age! Wonder how it did all come

to pass. Wonder, too, if "Cadiz" does mean "riches" or "treasure" in the original. Wonder if it is derived from Latin gaza. If so the settlers here must have been inspired with prophetic vision, for there is no town in Ohio, we are told, of equal size that has so many banks "in good and regular standing." Mingo, and more history! We would fain look for the footprints of George Washington upon the river bank, and restore, for the moment, the scenes that met his gaze when he tarried here for a few days. Looking across the river, we can almost restore the busy, shifting scenes, incident to the "whiskey insurrection," that notable uprising whose suppression proved, for the first time, that the constitution had provided a government. Then we want to read "The Latimers" again, and, if possible, call upon the gifted author at Steubenville. But we call on Superintendent Mertz first, and find him so well versed in the history of this section, and withal, so entertaining, that we tarry to hear him recount the daring, stirring exploits of those bold scouts, Wetsel and Maxwell. While regretting our failure to see that choice spirit, Matlack, and see the "Stanton" school, over which he presides with so much dignity and grace, and our inability to have longer converse with Principal W. H. Maurer, and learn more of the expeditions in geography and history that he is planning for the

high school people, the brakeman called "Yellow Creek," and if a band of Indian warriors in paint and feathers had appeared the scene would have harmonized with the readings in history.

Then East Liverpoool with its great potteries, renowned the world over, transforming the rocks of ages far behind us into the most

delicate wares for our use and pleasure. Here, too, are many evidences of the Glacial epoch. But more of this anon.

Moral: Let us so train the pupils in our schools in the affairs of our state that they may know what to look for when they go away from home.

HINSDALE'S TEACHING THE
LANGUAGE ARTS.

Quotations on Teaching English.
By Charles Haupert.
[CONCLUDED.]

"Correctness is now the note of English prose style."

"Principles do not supersede methods; facts, rules; theory, practice; science, art: but principles, facts, theory and science must, in the long run, govern and control all practical applications."

"It is imitation that transforms the infant's instinctive utterance into language."

"The study of the vernacular is, and always must be, the supreme object in the education of a human. being, the center around which all other educational agencies ought to arrange themselves in due subordination."-S. S. Laurie.

"The vernacular is the beginning and the end of a liberal education." -Dr. J. G. Schurman.

"To cultivate expression is to cultivate mind.”

"The boy was right who gave as a reason for drawling his words, 'Mother drawls hern.'"

"A man's language is a measure of the company he has kept, as well as of himself."

"I ne normal child who is accustomed to good English and nothing else, uses good English."

"I hold in my memory bits of poetry learned in childhood, which have stood me in good stead through life in the struggle to keep true to just ideals of love and duty." -C. W. Eliot.

"A verse may find him who a sermon flies."-George Herbert.

"You send your boy to the