the subject in the text-books in use. The essence of Professor Atwater's "heresy," for which he has been reviled in public print, is that alcohol in moderate quantities is not always harmful and may be sometimes beneficial.

Superintendent Dutton of Brookline, Mass., followed with a paper criticising temperance legislation, especially that in his own state. His summing up of the matter was that many of the temperance people of Massachusetts are opposed to the recent change in the temperance statutes, that the authors of the so-called "scientific" temperance physiologies do not believe all which they themselves have put into their books, and that it is a question whether teachers are not justifiable in evading the requirements of a law which entails greater evils than those which it seeks to eradicate. Superintendent R. G. Boone of Cincinnati deprecated the idea of attempting to make erroneous statements in any department of thought the basis of ethical uplifting.

In the general discussion that followed, Superintendent Carroll of Worcester denounced the methods by which the friends of the temperance cause had secured the recent legislation in Massachusetts. was plainly seen that the speaker was strongly opposed to the steps. that had been taken. Mr. Kiehle, of Minnesota, and Mr. Sabin, of

It

Iowa, two of the old guard, spoke in favor of the good that had been accomplished through temperance legislation, the latter speaker especially eulogizing the efforts of the W. C. T. U. in that direction. Col. Parker gave a rousing ten-minute speech. While it is difficult to see the connection between some of the things that he said and the discussion at hand, yet the Colonel stirred up much enthusiasm by his utterances. After a few remarks by Superintendent Pearse of Omaha, in which he sought to show that there was no antagonism to temperance teaching among the members of the department, the convention voted a return to the discussion Thursday morning.

At the opening of the discussion Thursday morning, Mrs. Hunt, the official head of the W. C. T. U., was given the privilege of answering the criticisms that had been directed against the methods of that organization. Her address was excellent, but she seemed to suffer from the disadvantage to which she had been put by Professor Atwater, in that by his conservatism and fairness, he had disarmed his critics. Mrs. Bolte spoke on the question from the mother's standpoint. She was scathing in her denunciation of the common practice of trying to teach children temperance by exhibiting to them the most hideous forms of intemperance.

Professor Atwater was then

given the opportunity of closing the discussion, and a resolution was passed that a committee of seven be appointed to report upon the teaching of physiology in the schools, especially that portion of the subject relating to the effects of alcohol. The following named persons constitute the committee: Albert G. Lane, assistant superintendent, Chicago; Supt. E. P. Seaver, Boston; O. T. Corson, president N. E. A.; Supt. J. Van Sickel, Denver; President E. O. Lyte, state normal school, Millerville, Pa.; President Edwin A. Alderman, University of North Carolina; Supt. Louis Soldan, St. Louis.

"How a Superintendent May Improve the Efficiency of His Teachers," was the topic of papers by President Cook of De Kalb, Ill., and Professor A. S. Whitney, University of Michigan. These, and the discussion of "The Superintendent as an Organizer and an Executive," by by Superintendent Denfeld, of Duluth, and Superintendent Mark of Louisville closed the program of Thursday afternoon. The following officers were elected for 1901: President, L. D. Harvey, Wisconsin; first vice president, A. K. Whitcomb, Lowell, Mass.; second vice president, W. F. Slaton, Atlanta, Georgia; secretary, F. B. Cooper, Salt Lake City.

The evening meetings were held in Central Music Hall and were well attended, especially by the

Chicago teachers. The address Tuesday evening, "The Right Use of Speech in a Democracy," by Walter H. Page, was quite an attraction owing to the literary standing of the speaker. Mr. Page advocates the idea that great writers acquire their power and skill chiefly by practice.

President Alderman of the University of North Carolina spoke Wednesday evening on "The Obligations gations and Opportunities of Scholarship," and the meetings were formally closed Thursday evening by the address of President Wheeler of the University of Colifornia on "The Place of Secondary Schools."

The meeting was quite up to the standard, despite the fact that thirty-five per cent of those whose names were on the program failed to appear. President Downing prepared an excellent program, and his manner of conducting the meeting would be hard to improve. Such promptness and decision are rather unusually severe discipline for the department of superintend

ence.

Chicago itself was very satisfactory. The Auditorium Hotel furnished ideal headquarters. The people were as courteous as could be expected in such a bustling, overgrown city. The opportunity of visiting good schools was all that could be desired. Receptions were tendered by the Woman's

Club and by the Board of Education. The latter, held in the Art Institute, was quite an elaborate affair. The one matter of disappointment was the character of the local press reports of the meeting. These could scarcely have been more meager and unsatisfactory than they were. In this respect, ai least, the Chicago meeting was a record breaker. The following members were present from Ohio: Commissioner L. D. Bonebrake, ex- Commissioner O. T. Corson; C. W. Bennett, Piqua; R. G. Boone, Cincinnati; W. P. Burris, Salem; W. W. Chalmers, Toledo; E. B. Cox, Xenia; W. N. Hailman, Dayton; L. H. Jones, Cleveland; E. D. Lyon, Mansfield; G. C. Maurer, New Philadelphia; W. McK. Vance, Urbana; J. V. McMillan, Canal Dover; M. F. Andrew, Cincinnati; W. W. Boyd, Painesville; C. L. Cronebaugh, Cambridge; F. B. Dyer, Madisonville; S. T. Dial, Lockland; W. C. Fulton, Clyde; O. P. Vorhees, Cincinnati; J. A. Shawan, Columbus; R. E. Rayman, East Liverpool; J. P. Sharkey, Van Wert; J. W. Schwartz, Tippecanoe City; E. M. Van Cleve, Greenville; C. L. VanCleve, Troy; A. J. Gantvoort, Cincinnati; Grace A. Green, Dayton; La Fayette Bloom, Cincinnati; E. W. Coy, Cincinnati; J. J. Maas, Cincinnati; F. E. Crane, Cincinnati; E. E. White, Columbus; W. I. Crane, Dayton; Virgil G. Curtis, Toledo.

EDUCATIONAL NEWS.

-We are glad to learn from "The Kilikilik," published by the literary societies of Heidelberg University, Tiffin, Ohio, that Supt. H. H. Frazir of New Washington has completed the full course of that institution, and passed all his examinations in an eminently satisfactory manner, entitling him to the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He has received his diploma, and will be registered as a member of the class of 1900. We heartily congratulate our good friend upon his well earned success. His example ought to encourage others to go and do likewise.

-Dr. E. S. Loomis of the Cleveland West High School is on the regular lecture course of College for Women, Western Reserve University. He has a number of carefully prepared lectures on "Fundamentals in Teaching Arithmetic", "Essentials in Teaching Algebra,"

etc.

-"The Empire of the South" is the title of an unusually attractive and interesting volume of nearly two hundred pages, published by the Southern Railway Company. Unlike many volumes of a similar charecter, it contains no advertising of any kind, and it has justly been accorded the credit of being the most comprehensive treatment of the manufacturing, commercial, and agricultural interests of the South yet

published. Our thanks are due W. A. Turk, G. P. A., Southern Railway Company, 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washignton, D. C., for a copy of this valuable book.

-J. L. Selby of the Greenville High School, has been appointed County Examiner for Darke County to succeed B. O. Martin, resigned.

-The Cincinnati Normal School, Mrs. C. A. Lathrop, principal,, graduated a class of ninety-four, February 21.

-The Defiance County Teachers' Institute will be held this year at Defiance, commencing July 30 and continuing one week. Supt R. W. Mitchell of Defiance and the executive committee are preparing to make this one of the best institutes of the county. Supt. C. L. Van Cleve, of Troy; Prof. Ed. M. Mills, of Defiance; and Miss Anna Logan of Cincinnati have been secured as instructors. The next quarterly institute will be held in April at a place yet to be determ

work with a number of interesting and helpful exe.iments with: home-made apparatus. In the afternoon, W. H. Meck of the Dayton High School read a carefully prepared paper on "Condensation and Enrichment of the Course of Study," and the editor made a tak. Good music for the two sessions was furnished by the pupils of the Urbana schools under the direction of Miss Mabel F. Mulliken.

-The Four County Teachers' Association held its fourth annual session at Mt. Gilead on February 17. Papers were presented by Supts. Wilson, Cardington; Warren, Shiloh; Powell, Marion; Frazier, New Washington; Miss John, Galion, and Miss Beer, Bucyrus

The discussion of the topic "The Absence of the Boy in the High School" by Messrs. Powell and Frazier was very interesting. The causes were shown and remedies suggested. An interesting comparison was made between the proportion of boys in the village and rural high schools and those in the high schools of cities of the first and second class in the state. In the first case the boys number 47 per cent and in the second 401 per cent. The reason advanced for this state of things was that in the first case, many boys want to teach and find the high school course an admirable preparation for this. In the second case, the boys in the high schools are only those prepar

ing for college and the relatively small number who appreciate the value of an education.

During the afternoon session Prof. J. P. Gordy, of the Ohio State University, gave an address upon "The Professional Training of Teachers," which was well received.

Commissioner Bonebrake talked upon the normal school bill now before the legislature.

The reasons for the bill and the objections to it with their answers were ably presented.

The officers for the ensuing year are: Arthur Powell, Marion, President; H. H. Frazier, New Washington, Vice President; N. D. O. Wilson, Cardington, Secretary; Miss John, Galion, Treasurer. The executive committee consists of Supts. Lyon, Mansfield; Bliss, Bucyrus; Flickinger, Iberia. Marion is to be the next place of meeting.

Taken all in all the session was very successful and its success is in no small measure due to the exertion of the president, Superintendent Spear, of Mt. Gilead.

fine art, and commercial departments, there are many special features, as primary methods, superintendents' course, teachers' forum, popular lectures, excursions, etc.

- The second Quarterly of the Marion county teachers' association convened at Marion, Ohio, March 10, 1900.

Miss Abigail Gast, of Marion, with a class of primary pupils, gave a very entertaining as well as instructive exercise in Primary Numbers.

Prof. Weaver of Prospect, in a very forcible manner gave a talk on "How to Teach History," emphasizing those events which mark our progress as a nation and the principles which prepare our youth for citizenship. The above subjects were discussed at length, followed by a number of Round Table Topics. It would be impossible to give any thing like a full description of the forenoon session.

In the afternoon about six hundred of the pupils of the Marion schools favored the association with a few vocal selections, which were well received. Superintendent Pepple of LaRue read an excellent paper on "Some Reforms in Education."

Prof. Schimp of Upper Sandusky delivered the principal address of the afternoon. He spoke on the subject, "Literature in the Public Schools."

Miss Gray read a most ex