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Character of King Henry. Comparison and contrast between Henry as Prince and King (see Henry IV, Parts I, II). How far is Shakespeare's Henry true to history? Sources of the play and an estimate of its historical accuracy generally.

Act I. The Declaration of War with France.

Its motive. Internal troubles connected with the insecure position of the Lancastrians on the throne.

Henry IV's dying counsels to his son to engage in a crusade.

Insecurity of the Church. The clergy hope to avert Henry's designs by engaging him in foreign enterprises. Genealogical claims of Henry to the throne of France. Insulting message of the Dauphin.

Act II. Discovery and punishment of Scroop's conspiracy. Henry sails to France. Embassy to the French King.

Act III. Harfleur. First introduction of Katharine of France. The day before Agincourt.

Act IV. Doubts and fears. French and English positions. The battle of Agincourt.

Act V. Interval (of five years). Henry V again in France. The wooing of Katharine. Negotiations. Peace.

LECTURE VI.

RICHARD III.

Date of the play and its place in Shakespeare's work. Difficulties regarding the text. Quarto and Folio Editions. Reasons for placing it among the earliest of the chronicle plays (1594). Its dramatic unity is accidental rather than result of design. Its relation to the Tragedy of the House of Lancaster. Eventual triumph of a scion of that House, when retributive justice has been done, illustrates again the historical necessity of that House, and its expiation of the past.

Richard is one of a class of characters, which at the time were attracting Shakespeare, whose appearances were contradictory to their realities, e.g. Bassanio, Prince Henry, Henry IV, and perhaps Falstaff.

Character of Richard III. Renaissance qualities which he exhibits, e.g. his culture, ferocity, and adaptation of means to ends. Contrast and comparison between Richard III and Macbeth. Though the motive is the same, the treatment shows, in Richard, Shakespeare with his powers in character-drawing still immature; in Macbeth, with those powers at their height. Compare Rirhard with other Shakespearian villains, as Edmund (Lear), Iago (Othello).

The use of the supernatural in this play, compared with Macbeth, Hamlet, and Julius Cæsar.

The play regarded as a training ground for Shakespeare, e.g. in character-drawing (as Richard), in imaginative power (Clarence's dream), in arrangement, in powers of expression, we have the promise of the highest; but regarded by itself, it is immature, and its interest is sustained by the subject rather than by the intrinsic merits of its dramatic structure.

Notes on some of the minor characters, but Richard III is essentially a one-character piece.

The Class.-At the close of each lecture a class will be held for questions and further discussion. All are urged to attend it and to take an active part. The subjects discussed will ordinarily be those arising from the lecture of the same evening. In centres in which no Students' Association (see below) has been formed, the class will afford opportunity for the lecturer to comment on the papers subImitted to him.

The Weekly Papers.-Every student has the privilege of writing and sending to the lecturer each week, while the course is in progress, a paper treating any theme from the lists given at the end of each part of the syllabus. The paper should have at the head of the first sheet the name of the writer and the name of the centre. Papers may be addressed to the lecturer, University Extension, 111 South Fifteenth street, Philadelphia.

The Students' Association.—Every lecture centre will be greatly helped in its work by the formation of a club or other body of students and readers desirous of getting the stimulus that working in common affords. This Students' Association will have its own organization and arrange its regular programme, if possible, both before and after as well as during the lecture course. The lecturer will always lend his help in drawing up programmes, and, when the meeting falls on the day of the lecture, will endeavor to attend and take part. Much of the best work of Extension is being done through the Students' Associations.

The Examination.-Those students who have followed the course throughout will be admitted at the close of the lectures to an examination under the direction of the lecturer. Each person who passes the examination successfully will receive from the American Society for the Extension of University Teaching a certificate in testimony thereof.

VALUABLE GUIDES TO READING AND STUDY.

The American Society for the Extension of University Teaching has published, in connection with its work, over one hundred and fifty syllabi, nearly all of which are of real value, independently of the lectures, for guiding home reading and study. They contain suggestive outlines of the lectures, lists of books, and other material of interest. The following have been recently issued:

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Any of the above syllabi will be forwarded, postpaid, on receipt of the price. Address John Nolen, Secretary, 111 South Fifteenth Street, Philadelphia.

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