A.D.

Page

Royal Party gain a decided Victory at Boroughbridge; Earl of Lancaster executed; the Mortimers imprisoned

279

1324.

The Queen Isabella complains of the Influence of the
Spencers, and Rupture with France; Escape of Roger
Mortimer into France

281

Isabella being sent into France by Edward, to treat with her Brother, remains there

282

1326.

Isabella, in Conjunction with Mortimer, lands with a hostile Force in England

288

1327.

(24th or 25th of January) the Parliament declare the King deposed, as incapable of Government

285

1327.

EDWARD IIL

1327-1377.

Edward II. remains at Kenilworth during the Spring of 1327, and is afterwards carried to Corfe, Bristol, and Berkeley Castles

(20th of September) His Murder at Berkeley Castle Edward III. only Fourteen; Isabella and Mortimer reign under his Name; rising Discontent of various Barons

(16th of March) the Earl of Kent convicted of Treason for
an Attempt to correspond with his Brother, Edward II.,
whom he supposed to be alive

288

(29th of November) Mortimer executed under an Im peachment for the Murder of the King Isabella adjudged to have forfeited her Lands, and impri soned for the Remainder of her Life 1330-1336. Attempt to restore the House of Baliol to the Throne of Scotland, and re-establish the Vassalage of the Monarchy

Claim of Edward to the Crown of France, on the Extinc-
tion of the Male Descendants of Philip the Fair
Alliances of Edward preparatory to an Attempt on
France

290

291-293

1338.

(July) Edward embarks for the Netherlands, having
assumed the Title of King of France

- 293

1340.

Naval Engagement off Sluys

- 295

1346.

Edward challenges Philip to single Combat

The two Kings espouse opposite Parties in the disputed
Succession of Britany

Assassination of D'Artaveldt, Edward's Flemish ally,
(July) Edward disembarks a fresh Army near Cape
La Hogue

294

A.D.

Page

1355.

Its reduction leads to a Truce, which lasts till 1355, five
Years after Philip was succeeded by his Son John
Edward the Black Prince recommences Military Oper-
ations

301

301

1356.

(July) Battle of Poictiers, in which John was taken Pri

soner

- 302

Truce of two Years

- 303

1358.

- 304 - 306

Some particulars concerning France at this Period
La Jacquerie; Enfranchisement of Peasantry
Treaty of Bretigny, and Release of John; remarkable
Instance of good Faith in John's voluntary Return

on finding it impossible to fulfil the Terms of the
Treaty

Marriage of the Black Prince with Jane Plantagenet;
his Irruption into Spain

He stabs Pedro IV. in a Conference

307

His Espousal of the Cause of the Parliament against
Abuses

Death of Edward III.

Character of his Reign; he strengthened the Parlia
mentary Authority by employing them in the Fur
therance of his Projects; growth of Civil and Religious
Architecture; Order of the Garter; Chaucer; Law;
frequency of Famines in that Age; Discovery of
Gunpowder

311

311-314

Richard of Bordeaux was eleven Years old on his Ac-
cession
Tottering State of the English Dominions in France
Council of Regency

- 315

- 315 - 316 Revolt of the lower Classes in England; gradual Progress of Serfs towards Independence throughout Europe 316, 317 Wat Tyler

His Attack on London, and violent Death in Smithfield,
while parleying with the King

- 319

- 320

- 320

The Albigeois

John of Gaunt confirmed in the Government

- 321

- 322

1385-1387. He engages in an ineffectual Pursuit of the Crown of

During his Absence, the King's Uncles, York and Glou cester, dispute with De la Pole and De Vere for the Government of the King's Person

323

323

A.D.

1387.

1388.

1398.

1397.

1398.

1399.

Page

323

De la Pole impeached; the Government vested in eleven
Commissioners
(August) The Judges, under the Influence of De Vere
and others, together with the King, declare the Com-
mission invalid
(February) The Parliament condemn De Vere and his
Colleagues, and imprison the Judges; Gloucester as-
sumes the Direction of Government
(September) The Acts of Gloucester's Administration
annulled by Parliament

324

325

326

- 327

(His treacherous Murder, with Richard's Connivance, in
July, 1397)

Means taken to conciliate John of Gaunt

- 329

Conversation between Mowbray and Hereford, expressive
of Discontent with Richard's Government; a Quarrel
between them leading to its Disclosure; Richard avails
himself of the Circumstance to banish both these
Lords

- 331, 332
Personal Expedition of Richard against Ireland -
- 332
(4th of July) Hereford (now Duke of Lancaster) lands at
Holderness, during his Absence, with an Army, and is
universally welcomed

Richard returns to England, is taken Prisoner at an Inter-
view with Lancaster, and committed to the Tower
(29th of September) Richard resigns the Crown
(30th of September) The Parliament formally depose him,
and Lancaster claims the vacant Throne
False Statement of hereditary Right made by Henry;
the Parliamentary Act was the only Foundation of his
Title

337

HENRY IV.
1399-1413.

Genealogical Sketch explanatory of the Disputes which
led to the Wars of the Roses

- 338

1399.

Wise Acts of Henry's first Parliament; Abolition of
Liveries; Definition of Treason, &c.
(23d of October) The Parliament advise the secure and
secret Imprisonment of Richard

Various Accounts of the Cause of his Death
Rumours that Richard was still alive; Revolt of the
Percys

(21st of July) Battle of Shrewsbury; Defeat of the Per-
cys

343

Share of Owen Glendower, the Welsh Chieftain, in their
Revolt

Various Parliamentary Recognitions of Henry's Title, and
Provisions for the Succession

A.D.

1413.

Page

- 351

Youthful Extravagancies of the Prince of Wales, and his
Father's Jealousy of him; Chief Justice Gascoyne's in
trepid Conduct towards the Prince
(20th of March) Death of Henry IV.; Nature of his Title;
Constitutional Review of his Reign; Power of the
Purse; Privileges of Parliament more defined; Regu.
lation of Elections; Statute against Lollards

351

HENRY V.

1413-1422.

Hopes of recovering the Continental Possessions of the
English Crown; Measures to secure Popularity

- 359

1415.

Miserable Condition of France under Charles VI.
(15th of April) Henry announces his Intention to go in Per
son to recover his Continental Dominions, but is de-
tained by a Conspiracy

360

362

(11th of August) He embarks for France with a large Army 312 (24th of October) Battle of Agincourt

364

1420.

(21st of May) Treaty of Troyes; Marriage of Henry with
Catherine, Daughter of the French King

Proclaimed King both of France and England at the Age

of Nine Months; Division of Parties in France

1422-1429. During the first Seven Years of this Reign, the English
Arms prevailed; Devastations occasioned in France
by the War; rise of Resentment against the English
(October) Siege of Orleans

371

Charles VII. consecrated King of France
Jeanne d'Arc made Prisoner; her cruel Execution
Alienation of the Duke of Burgundy from the English

- 374

Henry VI. consecrated King of France, at Paris, by an
English Prelate

The Duke of Burgundy concludes a separate Peace with
France

.377

Ill Success of the English Arms in France

- 377

A.D.

1448, 1449. Loss of Normandy

- 379

1451. And of the Gascon and Pyrenean Provinces; Defeat and Death of Talbot at the Battle of Chatillon; Close of the second War of the Plantagenets to re-establish them selves in France Review of the political Changes and Indications of the Age; the Decline, or Approach to mere Formality, of Constitutional Assemblies threatened throughout the Continent; the Prevalence of Despotism; but the silent Advancement of Knowledge was at the same Time preparing the Way for different Results; Mari ner's Compass; Columbus born in 1441; Approach of the Reformation; Printing

379-382

1422.

VOL. II.

CHAP. I.

WAR OF THE ROSES.

HENRY VI.-EDWARD IV.

1422-1483.

Review of the Circumstances which led to the Wars
of the Roses

(1st of November) First Parliament of Henry VI., in the
10th Month of his Age

It confers the Regency on the Duke of Bedford, and the
Protectorship of England, during his Absence, on the
Duke of Gloucester, assisted by a Council
Release of the King of Scots

1

1

2

1423,

2

1427.

Dissensions between the Duke of Gloucester and the
Bishop of Winchester (afterwards Cardinal Beaufort).
An Appeal by Gloucester to Parliament, relative to the
Extent of his Powers leads to a very distinct Asser-
tion of Parliamentary Supremacy

3

4

Beaufort releases the Duke of Orleans, in Spite of Glou
cester's Protest against it

5

1441.

1445.

A Blow is struck at the Protector by a Charge of Sorcery against Eleanor Cobham, his Wife or Concubine Marriage of the King with Margaret of Anjou; the Marriage unpopular in Consequence of Maine and Anjou, the Keys of Normandy, being ceded to her Father by the marriage Treaty

5

7

The Administration of public Affairs on Beaufort's Decay,
gradually slide into the Hands of William de la Pole,
Duke of Suffolk, who inherits the Animosity of his
Predecessor against Gloucester

8