rooms. This gives an air of fastness to the book which is not in the least essential to it. The girls, with one exception, are good girls, and the worst of them is not altogether unmaidenly. We should conjecture that the part of the tale which was written with the greatest pleasure is that concerned with the heroine's childhood. Her troubles begin when she leaves the home of her ruined

family for the society of some rich cousins. Here she finds a lover in Philip Archer, and a bitter enemy in Kate Harberton, a dependant of the house, who has fallen in love with Mr. Archer without being asked. Kate is a very bad girl indeed: she lies, writes anonymous letters, bets, steals, and throws the blame of the theft on Elizabeth, who thus loses her lover and her good name. Archer is a weak creature, who is involved in a breach of promise of marriage case with a miller's daughter, all through the story, | and who does not deserve Florence, the most amiable character in the tale. There is a web of horsey intrigue and steeple-chase talk woven all about the main thread of the plot, and we are introduced to very bad male society, where horse-whippings come off in a string, like the man-slayings in the Njala. Archer threatens to whip Coleman; Coleman beat Patsy; Wall beat Coleman, and so on. What puzzles us is to find any good reason for putting up a light boy of sixteen in a steeplechase where the weights averaged about eleven stone. Nor do we see how Wall, whom a loss of 451. was to ruin, could bet in hundreds with strange bookmakers, without making any deposit. These improbabilities were necessary to the plot of a story which, though full of cleverness and observation, and though written in a good and quiet style, is too painful as a whole, and very disagreeable in many scenes. That the author can do infinitely better we have very little doubt.

She seems to be defending a thesis that women can write about men as not without knowledge, and thus gives a false twist to her considerable natural genius.

The author of Innocent as a Baby requests us, on his title-page, to keep our temper with him. Now it is so very hard to do this, that we must flee from before a temptation which might prove too strong for the meekest of men. He burlesques the style of Thackeray, which is an unpardonable offence. The pleasure given by that great master has not yet been spoiled, as the pleasure of Dickens's writings has been, by imitators. Innocent as a Baby is imbecile as a novel, neither plot, if plot it can be called, nor automata (characters is not the word), have the feeblest interest, and the fluent moralisings are mere impertinences. A. LANG.

NOTES AND NEWS.

We understand that the writer of the obituary notice of Canon Kingsley, which closes the February number of Macmillan's Magazine, is Sir Arthur Helps.

WE are to have this year, from Messrs. Macmillan, a History of Eton College, by Mr. H. E. Maxwell Lyte, which aims at greater completeness in an historical sense than any former book on the subject. It is expected that, beside its character as a full account of the development of an ancient educational foundation, the abundance

THE translation of the Aeneid on which Mr. William Morris is engaged, is, we understand, line for line, and in rhymed fourteen-syllable metre.

A LIFE of Lord Shelburne, the minister of George III., by his great grandson, Lord Edmond Fitzmaurice, will fill up in some ways a missing chapter in English history. Papers that have turned up lately in the possession of the family throw new light on the negotiations with America that took place in Shelburne's ministry. Mr. Bancroft acknowledges his obligations to these papers in his new volume; but it did not come in his plan to use them exhaustively, as they will be used in these volumes. The first volume, taking in 1737-1766, will be published very shortly. The others may be expected before very long. Messrs. Macmillan are the publishers.

Dr. Ludwig GEIGER announces an edition of his father's scattered articles and unpublished essays. It will be completed in five volumes, the last of which will contain a minute biography of the late Dr. Abraham Geiger.

THE third volume of the Calendar of Treasury Papers, edited by Mr. Joseph Redington, which has been issued this week, embraces the period between the accession of Queen Anne (March 8, Godolphin, who played an important part in the 1702) and the end of the year 1707. Sidney, Lord reigns of four successive sovereigns, was Lord High Treasurer at this time, and most of the papers abstracted in this volume bear evidence of his industry and administrative capacity. As a curious instance of the attention paid by him to small items of expenditure may be mentioned a query, put at the back of a warrant for a new trumpeter, as to what had become of the old one. silver trumpet for the Duke of Marlborough's Among letters of biographical interest is one from Henry Compton, Bishop of London, to Godolphin, respecting the circumstances of Narcissus, Archbishop of Armagh. The latter "poor gentleman is described as an excellent scholar and worthy good man, but little versed in the affairs of this world; his charitable and generous temper having left him so bare that he could think of nothing but retiring and setting up a private school for his livelihood. Two notices occur of Daniel De Foe, or Fooe, as the name is sometimes written-once in a list of persons prosecuted for The Shortest Way with the Dissenters, and again in an order for payment, out of the secret service money, of 501. to one who "did not care to appear himself" for appreThat the beginning of Anne's hending him.

reign did not augur much for a due encouragement of art by her advisers, is shown us by the circumstances connected with a memorial of a London merchant, one Robert Balle. With this person, it seems, a contract had been entered into, on behalf of the late King, for a supply from Italy, for 600l., of seven marble statues and one marble head (among them being "Autumn, with two Satyrs at his Feet," valued at 1207., and "A double statue of Pan and Orpheus," at 407. At the back of Balle's petition for payment, on King William's death, it is minuted "He may have the statues again." Great difficulties, too, were experienced by Signor Verrio, who was employed in decorating Hampton Court Palace, in getting any portion paid of the sums due to him; but this was the experience of all public servants in those days. Much other curious and instructive matter is to be gleaned from this Calendar, apart from its importance as a contribution to the general history of the kingdom.

In the second volume of Mr. Lewes's Problems of Life and Mind, to appear in a few days, beside discussions of the Principles of Certitude and the logical processes by which we pass from

the Known to the Unknown, and the experiential solutions of the problems of Matter and Force, Force and Cause, and the Absolute, there is, we mode of Feeling in direct opposition to the maunderstand, an attempt to show that Motion is a terialist conception that Feeling is a mode of Motion.

MESSRS. MACMILLAN will publish shortly a shilling primer of Household Management and Cookery, by Mr. Tegetmeier. Mr. Tegetmeier's former books on this subject have been designed for the use of teachers, and have, we believe, been used extensively in normal schools. This primer is for more general use, and aims at fitness even for the rawest learners.

THE number for January 15 of Im Neuen Reich contains three hitherto unprinted letters of Goethe which refer to Byron's intended dedication to him of his Sardanapalus. These letters were addressed by Goethe to his friend the Chief Librarian and

Professor von Benecke, of Göttingen, who seems to have been selected, from his well-known acquaintance with English literature and his official position in the Hanoverian University city, to be the medium of communication between the British and the German poets. It would appear that Byron, having been specially gratified by Goethe's eulogistic notice of Manfred, was anxious to pay him a compliment by dedicating Sardanapalus to him; and when he forwarded the manuscript from Ravenna to his publisher, Mr. John Murray, in 1821, he sent with it the draft of the form of

dedication which he wished to be submitted to Goethe for his approval before it was printed. It was as follows:-"To the illustrious Goethe a

stranger presumes to offer the homage of a literary vassal to his liege lord-the first of existing writers-who has created the literature of his own country and illustrated that of Europe. The unworthy production which the author ventures to inscribe to him is entitled Sardanapalus.” plained, this proposed dedication did not come By some accident, which cannot now be exinto Goethe's hands till a year after the publication of the drama, when, as these hitherto-unpublished letters show, it was forwarded to him by Professor Benecke, to whom the poet returned it on November 14, 1822, with a request that it might be sent to Mr. Murray for insertion in any subsequent edition of Sardanapalus. Strangely enough, this document, to which Goethe attached such importance that he caused a lithograph to be taken of it before he parted with it, was not forwarded by Professor Benecke, among whose papers it was found after his death, in the same envelope in which it had arrived by post from Weimar.

The Unseen Universe, or Physical Speculations on Immortality, is the title of a volume which Messrs. Macmillan will publish in the course of two or three months. It is said to be by two eminent physicists, and to address the two worlds of Theology and Science from a somewhat different platform from any other work of recent times.

WE hear from Bonn that Dr. Aufrecht, now Professor of Sanskrit at Edinburgh, has accepted a professorship there, and will begin to lecture at Easter.

MESSRS. RIVINGTONS announce An English History for the Use of Public Schools, by the Rev. J. Franck Bright. As far as can be gathered from the prospectus, it would seem to be intended to take an intermediate place between Miss Thompson's History and Mr. Green's, suitable to young people of a more advanced age than the former, and more directly drawn up with a view to school use than the latter. It is the work of five years, having been entrusted to the author by a considerable number of public-school masters. Mr. Bright has had much practical experience in tuition, which will doubtless give a special value to his book even in days when we are by no means in so deplorable a state as regards school histories as we were five years ago.

PROFESSOR W. D. WHITNEY has been giving a series of five lectures "On the Growth of Language," at the Peabody Institute at Baltimore. This is one of the foundations, for literary purposes, of the well-known philanthropist, Mr. Peabody. It keeps courses of lectures going all the winter, gives concerts of classical music, has a library of 50,000 volumes, is getting together a gallery of art, &c..

A WEALTHY Quaker of Baltimore has left nearly $2,000,000 to be divided between a hospital and a university for that city. The latter is in course of organisation.

A MILLIONAIRE of New York, Mr. Benjamin Douglass, some time ago made up his mind that the young men of the United States ought to have a chance of studying Greek and Latin Christian authors in handy text-books as well as "the sensual frivolities of heathen poets." He accordingly gave to Lafayette College an endowment for the study of the early Greek and Latin Christian writers, and agreed to pay for a series of textbooks for the class he had set on foot. He placed the general editing of the series in the hands of Professor F. A. March, LL.D., Professor of Comparative Philology in Lafayette College, and a volume of Latin hymns, and one of selections from Eusebius, have been already issued. They have been well received, and will be followed by other volumes of selections from Tertullian, Athenagoras, Augustine, Cyprian, Lactantius, Justin Martyr, Chrysostom, and others.

66

66

THE first volume of the new edition-the ninth-of the Encyclopaedia Britannica appears this day. Among the new articles, some of the most important are-on "Acclimatisation," by A. R. Wallace; "Adulteration," by Dr. Letheby; Actinozoa and 66 Amphibia," by Professor Huxley; "The Alps," by John Ball; Africa," by J. Keith Johnston; Afghanistan," by Colonel Yule; "Aesthetics," by J. Sully; 66 American Literature," by Professor Nichol; 66 Alchemy," by Jules Andrieu; "Archaeology," by A. S. Murray, &c. and other articles which deserve mention are, "Analogy" and "Analysis," by Professor Croom Robertson; "Abraham " and "Adam" by Dr. L. Davidson; and " Acts of the Apostles," by Dr. Donaldson. Special attention has been paid to weak points in previous editions, such as Biblical History and Criticism, Mental Science, and Literary History; but in all departments so much new matter has been introduced that only about a fourth of the book is, even in substance, the same as the last edition.

THE great German Biographical Dictionary (Deutsche Biographie), undertaken by the Historical Commission of the Royal Bavarian Academy, under the auspices of L. von Ranke and J. von Döllinger, is announced as ready for publication. The editors are Baron von Liliencron and Professor Wegele, supported by about 400 contributors. The dictionary is intended for Germany, but it will include Austria, German Switzerland, the Baltic provinces of Russia, and the Netherlands, to the year 1648. It will consist of twenty volumes of about fifty sheets each, two volumes to be published every year.

the

THE first number has recently appeared of a new Russian periodical, printed in London, for purpose of disseminating Socialist ideas. For some time past a journal named Vpered, or "Forwards," has acted as the organ of the "Russian Emigration." It has now changed its form. The books issuing from its press will continue to appear, as before, at varying intervals, but its "second and third sections" will in future take the form of a fortnightly newspaper, devoted to questions relating to "Russian life, and labourmovements in various lands." The greater part of the first number is occupied by articles upon the recent disturbances in the Russian universities.

M. WOLF communicates to the Société des Sciences Naturelles of Neuchatel his belief that

he has established that Burgi, a Swiss, born 1552, not only discovered the isochronism of the pendulum, at least at the same time as Galileo, but that he was the first to construct, about 1580, a seconds clock regulated by a pendulum. Huyghens independently, eighty years after Burgi, gave the theory of the pendulum, and made the great discovery of the application of the pendulum as a regulator of clocks.

the actual sum realised to about 100,000 francs. It should be mentioned also that the copyright of l'Histoire de France, l'Histoire de la Révolution française, Nos Fils, and La Montagne, had been previously disposed of for fifteen years for 215,000

francs.

Polybiblion states that a society has just been started at Oporto for the publication on a large scale of ancient and modern Portuguese works. Its first issue is a splendid new edition of Camoens, illustrated by Gustave Doré.

LAST month was sold at Paris the collection of

THE Monitore di Bologna states that not many days since there were discovered in the archives of Reggio thirty original letters by Guicciardini, addressed to Count Alessandro Malaguzzi. It is to be hoped they will be published by the Cava-drawings, books and autographs of the late Julien liere P. Viani, who some years since found sixty Boilly, the artist and learned amateur. His copies other letters of Guicciardini, and that both dis- from the Italian, Flemish, and French schools coveries will form part of a most interesting work, sold at a fair price, 170 after Murillo, his favourite now about to be published by Viani, on the master, for 4,160 fr. The autographs were extensive and well chosen, but it was remarkable that government of Reggio by Guicciardini. It is well known that the illustrious historian governed both all sovereign and political characters were excluded Modena and Reggio in the name of Pope Leo X., from M. Boilly's collection. Some of them sold and consequently this publication, enriched by the at the following prices:-A signature of Bacon, 106 fr.; the same of Bensserade, 50 fr.; autograph above documents, will be of the greatest use to the letter of Bossuet, 105 fr.; Byron, 70 fr.; Calvin, students of Italian history. 91 fr.; Fénelon, 80 fr.; Franklin, letter to Marat, 80 fr.; Galileo, 460 fr.; Mdme. de la Fayette, 55 fr.; Montesquieu, 200 fr.; Sir I. Newton, 500 fr.; Jean Racine, letter to Père Bouhours, 575 fr.; Saint-Gelais, 21 fr.; Mdme. de Sevigné, 305 fr.; Vaucanson, 82 fr.; Vauvenargues, 351 fr.; Voiture, 50 fr. Among the artists, may be mentioned Bernini, 60 fr.; Dumoustier, 85 fr.; Géricault, 265 fr.; Palladio, 105 fr.: Germain Pillon, 200 fr.; Beethoven, 124 fr.: Mozart, 430 fr.; Rameau, 70 fr.; Schubert, 61 fr. Among the travellers, Cook, 27 fr.; Lapeyrouse, 20 fr.; Livingstone, 45 fr. The sale of autographs realised 18,000 fr. The books were very well sold. A copy of the five books on Surgery of Ambroise Paré (Paris: Wechel, 1572), purchased by Boilly at a book-stall for 2 fr., sold for 88 fr. The whole, 48,000 fr.

THE Italian papers state that Professor Florentino has discovered, in a library at Rome, a manuscript work on the Reformation, of about 200 pages, by the philosopher Campanella.

SIGNOR P. FERRATO has, as we learn from the Nuova Antologia for January, edited a hitherto unpublished piece by Antonio Pucci (Padova, 1874), which celebrates the taking of Padua in 1337 by M. Piero de' Rossi, then commander of the Florentine forces. Signor Ceresole adds to the rich store of knowledge which we already owe to the reports of the Venetian ambassadors, by editing a volume called Del Governo e Stato dei Signori Svizzeri (Venezia: Antonelli, 1874). This is a report on the condition and government of Switzerland in 1608 by Giovanni Battista Padavino, Secretary to the Council of Ten in Venice. He gives an account of the customs, the industries, and laws of the chief towns, and much valuable information about the civil legislation and military organisation of the country.

SIGNOR ANDREA TESSIER has published three interesting letters from the unpublished diaries of Marin Sanuto, under the title Documenti tratte degli inediti Diarii de Marin Sanudo (Venezia: Cecchini, 1874). These letters, published as part of the celebration of an illustrious marriage, have been chosen as being descriptions of three great festivities in the sixteenth century. The first describes a tournament held at Valladolid in 1518 in the presence of Charles V.; the second, the festivities at the French Court at Amboise on the occasion of the baptism of the son of Francis I.; and the fifth gives an account of the Carnival at Rome in 1519.

ACCORDING to the Continental Herald, the German Emperor has just presented to the Public Library of Geneva a splendidly bound copy of the works of Frederick the Great, in thirty-three volumes. The edition is that published by the Prussian Government, which is not on sale to the public.

THE reception of M. Alexandre Dumas at the French Academy is fixed for February 11. M. d'Haussonville will reply. M. Caro will probably be received by M. Camille Rousset in the course of the month of March, after which the election will take place to the chair vacant by the death of

Jules Janin.

THE Copyright of Michelet's works was put up to auction in Paris a few days since. The price fixed by the owners was 196,000 francs; but, there being no bid to a higher amount, in conformity with a special authorisation, bids were made diminishing in amount 10,000 francs a bid, till in the end Messrs. Michel Lévy Frères became the purchasers

for the sum of 56,500 francs. To this must be added the judicial and auctioneers' expenses, and the cost of the volumes to be purchased, raising

A VALUABLE paper on the history of the Mediaeval Jews of York is contributed by Mr. Robert Davies to Parts 11 and 12 of the Yorkshire Archaeological and Topographical Journal, which have just been issued. Other articles are: "On a Window representing the Life and Miracles of William of York," by Mr. James Fowler; and "The Monasteries of S. Hein and S. Hild," by Rev. D. H. Haigh.

WE have received Alzog's Manual of Universal Church History, trans. Pabisch and Byrne, Vol. I. (Cincinnati : Clarke; London : Lockwood); Gladstone's Vatican Decrees, trans. Oger (Bruxelles: Lebègue; London: Hachette); Cook's Tourist's Handbook to Northern Italy (Hodder & Stoughton); An Elementary Treatise on the Integral Calculus, by B. Williamson (Longmans); The (Routledge); Music, by H. C. Banister, Third Upper Ten Thousand, compiled by A. B. Thom Edition, revised (Cambridge: Deighton, Bell & Co.); Gesammelte Werke von Adolf Stahr, Bde. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, "Ein Jahr in Italien," te Auflage (Berlin: Guttentag; London: Williams

& Norgate).

NOTES OF TRAVEL.

OUR announcement that Captain Seymour would be second in command of the Arctic Expedithat the appointment has not yet been made. tion was premature; and we now understand Commander Markham is appointed to the Expedition, but it is not decided whether he will be second in command, or second in Captain Nares's ship. This causeless delay is most injurious to the interests of the Expedition. The lieutenants have been well selected from the pick of the navy. Lieutenants Aldrich and Giffard have served with Captain Nares, Lieutenants Beaumont, May, and

Parr with Commander Markham.

Lieutenant

Rawson did very distinguished service in the naval brigade of the Kumasi expedition, and Lieu

It is most important that really good men of first-rate ability and experience in the field should

be selected to accompany the Arctic Expedition as the scientific staff. The most essential qualification is, beyond dispute, a thorough knowledge of geology, especially in its bearings on ice action and other Arctic phenomena. The work of colleeting, both as regards fauna and flora, could well be entrusted to one good naturalist; but the investigations connected with geology require the undivided attention of one man of experience in such work. It is rumoured that this indispensa

ble consideration has been overlooked in the

recommendation made by the Royal Society, but the appointments are not yet officially approved, and we trust that a matter on which the success of the Expedition depends will not be overlooked by the Admiralty.

A MANUAL for the use of the Arctic Expedition is in course of preparation by a committee of the Royal Geographical Society. It was considered very important that the officers should be furnished with the exact state of present knowledge respecting Greenland and the surrounding seas, beyond what can be obtained from published

books.

For instance, there are many most valuable papers buried in the transactions of societies, and much information, scattered broadcast, which requires to be sought out and brought together. Admiral Collinson will, we believe, at last give the results of his careful and valuable observations during his Arctic voyage, the utilisation of which has been so long delayed, to the great regret of all who know the attainments and conscientious care always bestowed on his work by that distinguished officer. Papers by Rink, Irminger, and Wrangell will be reprinted; as well as those on the physics of Arctic

ice, and on the formation of fiords by Dr. Robert Brown, carefully revised; and Dr. Brown will also prepare abstracts from the valuable papers in Danish, by Dr. Rink; Mr. Markham's papers on the origin and migrations of the Greenland Eskimos; Dr. Simpson's on the Tuski; and lists of places in Greenland, with native names and meanings, vocabularies, and similar useful materials, will also be included in the Manual.

Ar the suggestion of the Council of the Geographical Society, a Manual having reference to geology, and to the fauna and flora, will also be undertaken under the superintendence of the Arctic Committee of the Royal Society, which is to be edited by Mr. Rupert Jones, with the active assistance of Dr. Robert Brown, who has made a special study of these subjects, as regards Greenland, for many years, and has several times undertaken voyages to that country for scientific purposes.

Ax account of the most important geographical discovery yet achieved by any of the explorers despatched beyond the frontier of India by Major Montgomerie, will appear in the forthcoming annual report of the superintendent of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway. The journey was made in 1872, by a young man, a semi-Tibetan, who had received careful previous training. He reached the Tibetan town of Shigatze, crossed the Brahmaputra, and ascended one of its northern affluents to its source, thus ascertaining the exact position of the watershed of the Brahamaputra valley, which he crossed at an elevation of 17,000 feet above the sea. He thus reached the great lake Tengri-nor, and achieved a geographical discovery of the very first importance, for that lofty sheet of water, receiving the drainage of a vast region, has never before been visited by any explorer in any way connected with Europeans. It has long been placed vaguely on our maps, solely on the authority of the Chinese cartographers of the last century. The bold explorer was robbed by a band of thieves near the

Lhasa, and returned safely to the head-quarters of the Great Trigonometrical Survey. His observations have since been worked out, and the results attempt will be to traverse the country from are very satisfactory. We believe that the next Lhasa, by way of the Kokonor, to Sinning in

China.

LIEUTENANT CONDER has made a special survey and plan on an enlarged scale of Tell Jezer and the adjacent country, where M. Clermont-Ganneau discovered the inscriptions of the boundary of Gezer. It appears that the inscriptions are 480 feet apart in a line pointing some twelve or thirteen degrees out of the direct north-west line. They do not lie in any road or highway, which is probably the reason of their preservation. On the north and west of the Tell it is hopeless to expect to find anything, because the soil is all alluvial and ploughed over every year. No other inscription has been found in the south. The impossibility of finding a point in the Tell from which to measure distances makes it at present hopeless to use this discovery as a means of clearing up the difficulties connected with Levitical boundaries. There are in all four inscriptions, lying nearly in a line. The first two, found by M. Ganneau, have the well-known Greek and Hebrew characters; the third consists of four Arabic characters; the fourth, found by Dr. Chaplin, contains two letters only, which may be Hebrew. Lieutenant Conder's report on the whole subject is accompanied by photographs taken by Lieutenant Kitchener.

A MONUMENT has been at last erected to Captain Cook, on the spot where he was killed in Kealakekua Bay (Sandwich Islands). The Honolulu Gazette of Nov. 25 gives the details of its inauguration. The monument consists of an elevated obelisk, with square base, in all twenty-seven feet high. It is placed at the water's edge, about two paces from the block of lava upon which the great captain was standing when he received his mortal wound. On the basement is inscribed:-" In memory of the great circumnavigator, Captain James Cook, R.N., who discovered these islands the 18th January, 1778, and was killed near this spot the 14th February, 1779. This monument was erected in November, in the year of grace 1874, by some of his fellow-countrymen."

DR. PETERMANN announces in his Mittheilungen that Captain Prshewalski's zoological collections, made during his journey in Kansu, Mongolia, and the Ordos country, have been bought by the Emperor of Russia for 10,000 roubles, and presented by him to the Museum of the Academy of Sciences. The collection is considered by competent judges to be a most valuable one, and it comprises some rare specimens of yaks (Bos grunniens), mountain sheep (Ovis Poli), wild asses and musk oxen, beside a varied assortment of birds and insects, the fishes being but few in number.

THE German papers announce that the expedition to Equatorial Africa, under the command of Captain von Homeyer, has left Lisbon for its The Portuguese destination on the Loanda coast. Ministry, as well as the King and his father, the ex-King Ferdinand of Portugal, have shown the greatest readiness in promoting the scientific efficiency of the intended expedition by every means in their power; and Captain von Homeyer has been officially informed that orders have been transmitted from head-quarters to the GovernorGeneral of Angola to afford all possible protection and assistance to the German explorers, while he has received a formal exemption for himself and his companions and attendants from all duties and taxes in Loanda.

MR. HI. II. ARMSTEAD, sculptor, has been elected an Associate of the Royal Academy.

THE LATE CANON KINGSLEY.

Perseus

an

CANON KINGSLEY, who died last Saturday, was not an old man; he was only born in 1819, and yet he seems already to belong to ancient history; all his most characteristic activity was of a kind to fall more or less into the shade after the crisis which was determined by the almost simultaneous publication of Essays and Reviews, the Origin of Species, and Mr. Mill's essay On Liberty. "Muscular Christianity" was really a way of saying that for people who want a cheerful bracing creed it is a good thing to be Optimists, and that the most cheerful and credible form of Optimism was an anthropomorphic theism guaranteed by Christianity as understood by the late Mr. Maurice, and of course such future as it had was destroyed by the events which have made it increasingly difficult to follow the wholesome propensity of men to find an opinion true as soon as it is shown to be edifying. Perhaps the extent to which "Muscular Christianity" is to be regretted may be measured by the fact that the two works in which the theory receives the most complete and artistic expression are and Andromeda, and the Water Babies. The first, much the most musical and readable poem ever written in English hexameters, sets forth the value of anthropomorphism as advance on Nature worship; the second is a very fresh and graceful attempt to turn science into a fairy tale and read ethical lessons into it. The best of the later novels is probably Westward Ho! though something might be said in favour of Hypatia, a very telling pamphlet in spite of its anachronisms. But Canon Kingsley will be remembered longest by Yeast and Alton Locke, the works of his "Sturm und Drang" period as "the Chartist Parson," before he had found a solution for everything. They are too bizarre to be permanently popular, but bizarre as they are, they are unmistakeably powerful, and probably did much in their day to loosen the crust of callous prejudice into which the self-complacency of the comfortable classes always tends to harden. If everyone had worked as hard as Canon Kingsley to remedy the grievances which once excited him, it could not be said that he was premature in ceasing to be a revolutionist. As it was, the way that he accepted the shallow enthusiasm at the time of the Crimean War as a proof of national soundness and his judgment. Perhaps it was a still higher unity, did more credit to his generosity than of his proof of his generosity, as well as indomitable energy, that his ceasing to be in any sense a leader made no difference to his activity: beside a really beautiful study on the Hermits, published in 1867, and a pleasant boys' book based on Hereward's Saga in 1866, he wrote several volumes of Carlylese lectures on History, and several volumes of travel and popular science full of vivid pictures and wholesome counsel, to say nothing of sermons and earlier works like Lectures on the School of Alexandria, and Loose Thoughts for Loose Thinkers, a Platonic Dialogue on the thesis that Christianity is important if true; and the Saint's Tragedy, a touching misrepresentation of the story of St. Elisabeth of Hungary. G. A. SIMCOX.

EXTRACTS FROM A JOURNAL KEPT AT BATH. "1809.-The Misses Lee, the authors of Canterbury Tales, &c., resided at Belvedere House, Bath, where they had a school for young ladies; in it they were succeeded by the Misses Whitaker, who had been their pupils. One of the Whitakers married Mr. Broadhurst, the minister of Trim Street Chapel. Another sister married Mr. Holland, of Knutsford. Mr. Holland is father to Mr. Henry Holland, a young man of extraordinary talent, author of the Agricultural Survey of Cheshire, and who is now about to go to Edinburgh to complete his studies as a physician [the late Sir Henry Holland]. The Misses Lee now reside in the

a mitre for his relative when the King offered to fulfil his engagement. There were rumours that Batcombe was sequestered, and the Duke determined to enquire upon the spot. Dr. Jacob was high, and refused to give the Duke any satisfactory accounts. This produced the breach; but the Duke attended Dr. Jacob's funeral, and took his three children to Chandos House, with the intention of providing for them. The eldest was a little insane; the younger had an office in the household worth one way and the other about 1,300l. a year, which was all his support. The sister married General Dun, and had no issue.

"1818. May 7.-Dr. Steuart Cumming, a Scotchman who has been about twenty-three years in the medical department of the army, told me that he knows for certain that the author of Waverley and the other romances of the same hand is Greenfield, who succeeded Dr. Blair as lecturer on rhetoric and the belles lettres in the University of Edinbro'. This man was guilty of a crime which makes his name odious, and escaped prosecution by flight. He has since lived in close retirement in Northumberland. His family have taken the name of Ratherford, their mother's maiden name, and Dr. Cumming tells me that he knows that 3,000l. was settled by the father very lately upon each of his daughters out of the profits of those works. His correspondence with the printers was through Walter Scott.

"He also told me that Wardlawe of Glasgow was originally a draper in a town in Scotland where Dr. Cumming has property; and that Dr. Chalmers was at one time an itinerant lecturer in natural philosophy and a professed unbeliever.

"1818. May 8.-Spent great part of the day with the Rev. John Skinner, rector of Camerton. Mr. Skinner, like his great namesake, has applied himself much to etymology. He is now engaged in very extensive researches after the Roman remains in his parish. The Fosse way passes through it; and in the fields on each side Roman coins have been often turned up. He has had several men at work in these fields for some time past, who have laid bare the foundations of ten or twelve Roman houses, and have discovered a great niany fibulae, coins, &c. Of the latter forty or fifty a day. Yesterday they found ninety, not in hoards, but dispersed. A hoard of six-and-twenty silver coins was found. Mr. Skinner keeps an exact account of each day's discovery, with drawings of the more interesting subjects. Many specimens of Roman pottery are found. The coins are in perfect series, from Drusus and Augustus to the last of the Emperors who possessed an authority in Britain; and coins which from their rude workmanship Mr. S. conceives to have been struck by the Britons in imitation of the Roman pieces. "It is remarkable that the foundation of one of the houses extends under the Fosse."

J. J. CARTWRIGHT.

SELECTED BOOKS.

General Literature and Art. BOULLEVAUX, C. E. L'Annam et le Cambodge. Paris: Palmė. FOUQUIERES, L. Becq de. Documents nouveaux relatifs à André Chénier, &c. Paris: Charpentier. 3 fr. 50 c. MAGELLAN, First Voyage round the World by. Translated from the Accounts of Pigafetta, &c. Edited by Lord Stanley of Alderley. Hakluyt Society. RAWLINSON, Sir H. England and Russia in the East. Murray. REDGRAVE, R. and S. A Century of Painters of the English School. Smith, Elder & Co. 248.

SAINTE-BEUVE, C. A. Premiers Lundis. T. 2. Paris: Michel Lévy. 3 fr. 50 c.

SCHLIEMANN, H. Troy and its Remains: a Narrative of Discoveries and Researches made on the Site of Ilium and in the Trojan Plain. Ed. P. Smith. Murray.

FOUQUET, H. Histoire civile, politique et commerciale de Rouen, depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'à nos jours. Ire livr. Rouen: Métérie. 1 fr. 25 c. LECOY DE LA MARCHE, A. Le Roi René, sa vie, son administration, ses travaux artistiques et littéraires. Paris: Firmin Didot.

LORIMER, P. John Knox and the Church of England. A Monograph, founded upon several important papers of Knox, never before published. King. 12s.

MERRUAU, C. Souvenirs de l'hôtel de ville de Paris, 1848-1852.
Paris Plon.

MONOD, G. Jules Michelet. Paris: Sandoz et Fischbacher.
PATTISON, Mark. Isaac Casaubon, 1559-1614. Longmans. 18s.
RANKE, L. V. A History of England, principally in the seven-
teenth century. Clarendon Press.
TAILLANDIER, Saint-René. Dix ans de l'histoire d'Allemagne.
Origines du nouvel empire, d'après la correspondance de
Frédéric-Guillaume IV. et du Baron de Bunsen, 1847-1857.
Paris: Didier. 7 fr. 50 c.

AHRENS, H. L. Disquisitio etymologica Avλ u. Villa. Berlin: Calvary. 1 M. 60 Pf. HOLTZMANN, A. Altdeutsche Grammatik, umfassend die goth., altnord, altsächs., angelsächs. u. althochdeutsche Sprache. 1. Bd. 2. Abth. Leipzig: Brockhaus. 2 M. ROHR, A. De Philolai Pythagorei fragmento #epi puxs. Berlin Calvary. 1 M. 20 Pf. ROSNY, L. de. San tsai tou hoei. Les peuples de l'Indo-Chine et des pays voisins. Notices ethnographiques traduits du chinois. Paris: Maisonneuve. 2 fr. 50 c.

CORRESPONDENCE.

OUR OLDEST MANUSCRIPT, AND WHO MUTILATED IT.

Oxford: Jan. 25, 1875.

I must crave permission to make some remarks in explanation and reply to Mr. Renouf on the above. In explanation first. It is a misprint that makes me say, "Of this MS. alone, called ancient by Dionysius Exiguus." The latter clause has slipped out of place, and should have come earlier in the paragraph. What I wrote was, "That of the Prisca Versio, called ancient by Dionysius Exiguus," &c. My thanks are due to Mr. Renouf for enabling me to correct this; but then as "to the fact," which he supposes "has escaped my observation," in connexion with the date of the MS. itself, if he will be so good as to refer to my words a few lines on, he will see that I distinctly confine myself in this paper to the characteristics and contents of " Vol. II.," as I have called it-at any rate, that volume which alone contains the Prisca Versio. Mr. Renouf adds that I am "mistaken in talking of the Prisca Versio of the Sardican canons." Let not Mr. Renouf be too sure of that. It is a moot question in spite of what Dionysius says-and what I have quoted him as saying, too-whether the Sardican canons were published in Greek, or Latin, or both. The fact of their being included in the Prisca Versio rather indicates that, as they stand there, they were translated, like the rest in this volume, by its author from a Greek version. However, I am not aware that I have committed myself to anything beyond the fact that the author of this version, or at any rate the transcriber of this MS., reckons them at twenty, not twenty-one. I shall not pursue this point further now, but some day I trust to be able to convince Mr. Renouf that their genuineness in any form must be abandoned.

Next, as to Dr. Maassen. I have possessed his latest work for more than a year; and after writing my paper, carefully went through all he about this MS. to see whether his account says of it varied from my own. And the result was that I left my own unaltered. I am quite aware of the copies of the Bibliotheca Juris Canonici possessed by the Bodleian Library, and of the one

to which he refers in particular. But this copy contains more than Dr. Maassen gives it credit for containing, and thereby disposes of his conclusion.

Mr. Renouf says: "There is not a particle of reason for doubting the strict accuracy of Baluze's narrative." But then, in the next breath, he propounds a theory of his own to invalidate the very reasons which I had assigned for doubting it-" a mistake of Baluze, who confounds the MS. now in the Bodleian with another MS. of C. Justel." And then: "I cannot help it if Pietro Ballerini was also misled by Baluze." Will Mr. Renouf be so good as to tell me where this other MS. of C. Justel is to be found. I have been looking them up with some care, and can find no other of his MSS. mentioned anywhere to which De Marca can be supposed to refer in either of the passages I have quoted from him, but this. Besides, this is not the only MS. which the Ballerini deliberately charge him with having misrepresented to their knowledge. Father Jones in the Month contends that the description, characterised by me as false, relates not to this MS., but to the collection. But how can this consist with the fact that De Marca doubted of the existence of such a collection till he had seen, and then only knew of in, this MS.? In conclusion, Mr. Renouf says: "The great question between the Justels and De Marca referred entirely to the rightful position of the Sardican decrees." I admit this is the account given of it by De Marca himself; but for this we want confirmation from other quarters, it being his own truthfulness that is impeached. It was his pen that traced what the editors of the Bibliotheca were required to say in their preface; and of this, the part relating to the missing leaves, "vetustate perierunt," was absolutely false on his own showing. EDMUND S. FFOULKES.

THE HERMIT OF RED COATS GREEN.

66

Belfast.

In a recent number of Notes and Queries Mr. Mortimer Collins says:

"It may be interesting to note that I was told by the late George Hodder that Charles Dickens employed him to see this eccentric person and report on him, and that he never himself visited him.”

As this is an old story which has been going about for years, and if true would not be very creditable to the veracity of Mr. Dickens, perhaps you will allow me to state in your columns that it is entirely untrue.

There is now before me a private letter from Charles Dickens, which I copy:

:

"London: Twenty-seventh March, 1862. "My dear Mr. Finlay,

"As you sent me your paper with that very cool account of myself in it, perhaps you want to know whether or no it is true. There is not a syllable of truth in it. I have never seen the person in question but once in my life, and then I was accompanied by Lord Orford, Mr. Arthur Helps, the Clerk of the Privy Council, my eldest daughter, and my sister-in-law; all of whom know perfectly well that nothing of the sort passed. It is a sheer invention of the wildest kind.