of Brusch, it will never be possible to depict that writer in a dignified or amiable aspect. For while it is possible that the adverse verdict upon Brusch which pronounces him the representative of the vagrant, sycophantic, gluttonous section of the learned world may be too severe, it must still be confessed that his work and his life were alike lacking in stability and in that becoming dignity which gives to eminent mental endowments their true distinction, and the want of which is so often to be deplored even in men of genuine abilities. EDITOR.

NOTES AND NEWS. THE REV. Henry Deane, Fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, is about to publish an edition of St. Anselm's Cur Deus Homo, from a very ancient MS. which exists in the College Library. It will be annotated, and will have an introduction and appendices on the History, Philosophy, and Theology of St. Anselm.

MR. T. ERSKINE HOLLAND, Professor of International Law and Diplomacy in the University of Oxford, having delivered last November an inaugural lecture on "Albericus Gentilis," has received an address from the Municipal Junta of San Genesio, the native town of Gentilis, in which mention is made of the fact that, when he was banished from Italy with his father as a follower of the Reformation doctrines, he found refuge in Oxford, where he gave lectures on Jurisprudence. Thanks are given to the English Professor, who has not forgotten his Italian predecessor, "in questo tempo avventuroso in cui la libertà di coscienza, come la politica, dalle ospitali rivi del Tamigi, ove ebbe ricetto e scuola, spiccato il volo a quelle del Tevere, venne ad infrangere le catene della tirannide e a diradare le tenebre della superstizione."

MR. THOROLD ROGERS has just printed (to be published by the Oxford University Press) a complete collection of the protests of the Lords, from the earliest on the Journals to the present time, with an historical introduction to each protest, copious indexes, and an essay on the origin of the custom of protesting, and the historical importance of the documents. The work, in three volumes, will be out early in May.

THE next addition to the Aldine Poets of Messrs. George Bell and Sons will be, we are glad to hear, the Poems of George Herbert, reedited by Mr. Grosart from his collection of the complete Works in the Fuller Worthies Library. The whole of the new poems in English and in Latin will be given in the Aldine volume, over and above a critically revised text of the others.

MR. W. R. S. RALSTON, author of Russian Folk Tales, &c., has been elected, at the personal nomination of the Czarewitch, Corresponding Member of the Historical Society of St. Petersburg. He has resigned his appointment at the British Museum.

WE learn with regret that Mr. Hermann Bicknell, whose long-promised complete version of the poems of Hafiz was announced lately as ready for the press, has suddenly died. We hope that the results of his life-long labours will not on this account evade publication.

DR. THEODOR SCHWANN, Professor of Physiology at the University of Liége, has received from the German Emperor, in recognition of his great services in advancing physiological enquiry, the order "Pour le Mérite."

MR. T. S. BARRETT will shortly issue, through Messrs. Provost & Co., a new work entitled An Introduction to the Study of Logic and Metaphysics. M. HENRI DE MEISTER is about to publish his intimate recollections of Mendelssohn, Goethe and Beethoven, with several letters from Mendelssoh n to the poet, the composer, and the author of the forthcoming recollections.

THE St. James's Magazine for May will contain some unpublished letters to Mr. R. H. Horne, the author of Orion, by Mrs. Barrett Browning, who gives therein the original plan of her Drama of Exile, and some excellent criticisms on Charles Dickens, Victor Hugo, and other contemporaries. In the same periodical will appear the opening chapters of a serial story by Mr. Evelyn Jerrold, entitled "The Dread Reckoning."

M. CHARPENTIER has added to his useful series

"Contemporary Literature in the different States of Europe," an account of the intellectual movement in United Italy, and a History of Contemporary Literature in Russia. A description of modern English literature by M. Odysse Barot was published several months ago.

It is said in Paris that the manuscript of an unpublished novel by Balzac has been found by the family of De Surville, with whom Laure de Balzac, the novelist's sister, was connected by marriage. If there be any truth in the rumourand nearly all Balzac's biographers have asserted that he left several literary relics-the newlydiscovered romance is a realistic story of Parisian industry, probably appertaining to the César Birot

teau series.

IN collecting materials for the life of John Locke, on which he has been engaged for some time past, Mr. R. Fox-Bourne, the late editor of the Examiner, has come across several of the philosopher's inedited writings. They deal chiefly with free thought in religion, and will probably be included in the biography which is about to

appear.

M. AMYOT, the Paris publisher, has in the press a collection of the unpublished letters of Mdme. Swetchine to the Comte de Lagrange.

MR. GEORGE BARNET SMITH is preparing an essay on the last years of Shelley's life-a complement to his study of the poet's youth which appeared in the Cornhill Magazine two or three months ago.

PROFESSOR BLACKIE is engaged on a volume of Gaelic translations, which will be published in Edinburgh.

THE Annual Meeting of the Woolhope Naturalists' Field Club was held in their room at the Free Library, Hereford, on Monday, April 13. The Rev. Charles J. Robinson was elected President for the current year, and it was determined to devote a sum (not exceeding 301. in the present year) to the purchase of scientific books for the use of the Club. The field meetings are appointed to be held at the following places:-May 20, Caerleon; June 15 (in conjunction with the Cotswold Club), Symonds' Yat and Monmouth; July 13 (ladies' day), Skenfrith, Grosmont and Garway; August 9, Brecon. The "Fungus Foray" will take place in the month of October, and upon the day of meeting there will be an exhibition (in the club room) of the choicest kinds of apples and pears grown within the county, as well as of funguses collected by members. An interesting paper on "British Arachnidae" was read by Mr. Theophilus Lane, and in the evening, after dinner, the retiring President-the Rev. James Davies-delivered his address, detailof the Club during his year of office. ing in very felicitous language the transactions

In the Bodleian Library is preserved a copy of the Gospels best known as the "Gospels of Mac Regol," but also called the "Rushworth Codex" and "Rushworth Gloss," from its having been presented to the library by John Rushworth, the The Long Parliament, and collector of State well-known secretary of Fairfax, deputy clerk of papers. Some specimen pages of it have been lately included among the Facsimiles of Irish MSS. which are being prepared under the photozincographic process at Southampton. Wanley supposed this volume, which possesses an Anglo

Saxon interlinear gloss, to have belonged to the Venerable Bede, but other internal evidence, which it is unnecessary to give here, seems to fix the date of it a century later. The most striking features of the volume are its figures of the three Evangelists, Mark, Luke, and John, and the initials of each Gospel, all of them severally occupying an entire page. The chief point in the large initial page of St. John, which has been selected for facsimile, is terminated by the bust of a man with an enormously long beard and whiskers, brought to a point and laced together in a large knot, and a fanciful manner on the back of his head, much after yellow pigtail of yet larger dimensions, arranged in a the fashion of some head gear of the present day. In his right hand this curious figure bears a pastoral pipe, by the music of which he is trying to charm a serpent; and while he holds this pipe between his lips with outstretched fingers, he at the same time applies the end of his thumb to the tip of

his nose.

The sinister chief and dexter base points of the same page are each terminated by an interlaced double-headed creature, bearing somewhat of the semblance of a turtle or tortoise; a modification of which figure is also introduced within the border proper. The sinister base point is imperfect, but still presents the likeness of two human heads. In the centre of either side of the border is a projecting ornament grounded with looped lines, and having each in the centre two purple, either embracing one another, or engaged monsters of dragon-like form, one red, the other in combat. These monsters also appear elsewhere in the page. They may be intended for dogs with their fore-legs curiously distorted, but their appearance is not such as to furnish a clue to their identification with any known animal.

WE regret to learn that the health of the great American poet Walt Whitman continues in an unsatisfactory state. One of his London correspondents has just received the following scrap in his handwriting-which latter, we may add, shows no sign of alteration: "Still unwell and paralysed,

but

up and around. Post-office address at Camthere. Design to bring out a volume, melange den, New Jersey, U.S.A.; shall probably remain of prose and verse, partly fresh matter, this summer." An American paper, The New Republic, in calling attention to what Mr. J. A. Symonds has written in praise of Whitman, and to the disgraceful neglect of the poet in his own country, remarks that he "has not, even to this day, found a publisher for his works, which (though the demand is steady and not inconsiderable) cannot be procured at all at the stores, and the small editions of which, so far, Whitman has printed himself." The same paper refers to "a late lecture in St. George's Hall, London, by a Cambridge man, Professor Clifford, before the crowded scientific and aristocratic élite of Britain, on "The Relation between the Sciences and Modern Poetry;' in which the Professor, reading mostly from the pieces of Whitman (the report in the English paper says 'amid hearty and general applause), put him decidedly at the top of the heap, and pronounced him the only poet whose verse, based on modern scientific spirit, is vivified throughout with what Professor Clifford terms the 'cosmic emotion.'"

Ar a recent sale of autographs, held by Messrs. Sotheby, some Shelleyan scraps were disposed of, and secured for an American purchaser. They include, inter alia-(1) a copy, in Mrs. Shelley's handwriting, of her husband's verses named "The Tower of Famine;" (2) his own MS. of the "Lines written during the Castlereagh Adminis tration; " and (3) a brief letter from Mrs. Shelley. The discovery of this copy of "The Tower of dents, who indulged the hope that one day the Famine" (1) may disappoint some Shelleyan stuoriginal writing by the poet might turn up, and rectify the manifestly very incorrect printed form of the poem. Mrs. Shelley's copy having now been found, it may be feared that none other will ever be forthcoming. This transcript corre

Bremen. The German expedition will adopt the same route that was taken by the Germanianamely, the east coast of Greenland; and, judging from the reports of Captain David Gray, it is anticipated that a much higher latitude than has yet been attained may be reached by following this east coast.

THE Pandora is being fitted out by Captain Allen Young at Southampton, and strengthened for ice navigation. She will probably sail for Baffin's Bay in the end of June. The stories in the newspapers with respect to the Pandora's voyage are wholly incorrect. There is no intention of accompanying or following the Government Arctic Expedition, and the voyage is entirely unconnected with Mr. Gordon Bennett or the New York Herald. Captain Allen Young and his friends simply intend to make a summer cruise up Baffin's Bay, and to secure such scientific and other results as may be attainable during the trip.

AN Italian African Expedition is about to be despatched, which has selected one of the most interesting lines of country for examination that remain to be explored in Africa. Landing on the shore of the Red Sea, the party will first proceed to Ankobar, the capital of the Abyssinian kingdom of Shoa. It will then direct its march over the almost entirely unknown region to the westward, and across the Galla country in the direction of the Victoria Nyanza. Very few Europeans have ever penetrated the region south and west of Shoa, including the kingdoms of Enarea and Kaffa. Only two or three Roman Catholic missionaries have ever gone forth in this direction, chief among whom is Father Massojah, the author of a Galla dictionary. Yet this region is one of special interest. It is known to be mountainous, and to enjoy an analogous climate to that of the Abyssinian highlands. Its valleys yield excellent coffee, for when the British troops were at Senafe, a merchant arrived there with coffee, who had made his way from Kaffa and was endeavouring to reach the sea-port of Massowah. But he was murdered in the Degouta Pass by Shoho plunderers. The Italian explorers will achieve a great and valuable work if they succeed in exploring the unknown region between Shoa and the Victoria Nyanza.

DR. BESSELS, the scientific member of the American Polar Expedition under Hall, has written a letter to the Paris Geographical Society in which he deprecates too great reliance being placed on Captain Tyson's so-called observations, as he was totally unacquainted with the use of scientific instruments. Dr. Bessels was the only skilled observer in the ship, and though the observations he took are not perhaps so extended as they would have been in a more genial climate, they were, nevertheless, carefully taken, the magnetic observations being the most complete ever taken within the Arctic circle. The drift wood on the shores of Smith Sound proved to be a closely-grained wood of coniferous trees indigenous to a cold climate. Most of the meteorological observations were preserved, though many of the records and collections were unhappily lost on the parting of the ice-floe from the ship. Eight kinds of mammals and twenty-three kinds of birds were discovered. The fossils were but few in number in Polaris Bay, but traces of drift wood were found at the height of 1,800 feet as well as sea-shells similar to those still found in Smith Sound. This proves that the shore of West Greenland is rising. Another interesting feature mentioned by Dr. Bessels is that there appears proof that Greenland has been rent from North America by some convulsion of nature, and that the set of the current in Smith's Sound and Baffin's Bay was in former days northward instead of southward, as now. This theory he has dwelt upon at some length in a paper read before the National Academy.

IT is well known that the Chinese are much averse to encouraging all attempts to develop the mineral resources of their country. Gold-hunting, in particular, is carried on seemingly under very adverse circumstances, for in a recent number of the Peking Gazette a memorial is published from Yi Jung, Military Governor of the province of Kirin, in which that official reports the complete extirpation of the bands of rebellious gold-hunters who have lately troubled the region of Ninguta and Sansing, between the rivers Usuri and Sungari. WE are sorry to learn from the German papers that Dr. Schweinfurth has received commucations from the Upper Nile district, announcing that his faithful guide and companion, the Nubian elephant-tusk trader, Mohammed Abd-es-Samat,

has fallen a victim to a murderous attack made upon him in his Seriba (or fortified factory) by a band of Niam-Niam soldiers. Abd-es-Samat deserves the respect and gratitude of all persons interested in the progress of African exploration, since it was to him that Dr. Schweinfurth was indebted for the means of entering the dangerous and hitherto almost unknown lands of the cannibal Niam-Niams. The value of his friendly assistance in allowing the European traveller to join his trading expedition, and thus make his way through this interesting country, was recognised both in Germany and Egypt, and besides being decorated with medals and various orders by the German Emperor and the Khedive, he had received the distinction of being named honorary member of the Society of Natural and Physical Sciences at Riga, the birthplace of Dr. Schweinfurth. Shortly before his death last December, Abd-es-Samat had forwarded to his European friend a valuable and interesting collection of objects, illustrating the industrial arts of the Niam-Niams, and these we learn have now been presented by Dr. Schweinfurth to the Ethnographic Museum at Berlin, where they will afford important help in elucidating some of the unsolved questions connected with the history of African culture.

Unsere Zeit announces that a subscription of 5,000 florins has been raised in Austria to assist Ernst Marno, the naturalist, in his researches in Africa. Herr Marno, it will be remembered, was selected by the Geographical Society of Vienna to fill the post of naturalist to Colonel Gordon's expedition in the Gondokoro district, at the time when that officer, who wished to give an international character to his undertaking, and who had already secured the co-operation of various other foreigners, applied to the Austrian Consul at Khartoum to enter into the necessary negotiations on his behalf for inducing a German observer to join his scientific staff.

We regret to find that the late African explorer, Karl Mauch, to whose death we referred in our last week's number, has left the narrative of his travels incomplete, while unfortunately his notes and journals do not appear to be sufficiently comprehensive to admit of being used by any one but himself. From the obituary notices that have appeared of him in the German papers, we learn that Herr Mauch had been originally destined for the post of a national schoolmaster, and that after having prepared himself for such an avocation, and shown great capacity for scientific research, he was for some time a resident in this country as a private tutor, before he was enabled to carry out the wish which he had long cherished of making an expedition into Central Africa. On his return three years ago, with broken down health and in a condition of great poverty, he received some help from the King of Würtemberg, which, however, was insufficient to enable him to renew his explorations; and at the time of his death he had just undertaken, at Blaubeuren, near Stuttgart, the direction of some chemical works, for which his previous devotion to chemical and mineralogical studies had rendered him especially well adapted, and it was there that he met with the accident which has terminated fatally.

THE April number of the Overland Monthly, a magazine published in San Francisco, contains an interesting article on the characteristics of the Californian Indians, by Stephen Powers. The writer takes issue with Mr. J. C. Wood, who in his work on Uncivilised Races of Men says: "We can produce no vice in which the savage is not profoundly versed, and I feel sure that the cause of extinction lies within the savage himself, and ought not to be attributed to the white man who comes to take the place which the savage has practically vacated." This, Mr. Powers declares, is not true of the Californian Indians. Practices either unknown to the Californians or indulged which among civilised people become vices were in so moderately that no harm followed. With regard to the density of population he maintains that "there are regions of California which supported more Indians than they ever will white men." The very prevalence of the aboriginal crime of infanticide, he adds, points to an overfruitfulness and an over-population. They are a grossly licentious race:—

66

Among the unmarried of both sexes there is very little or no restraint, and this freedom is so much a matter of course that there is no reproach attaching to it, so that their young women are notable for their modest and childlike demeanour. If a married woman, however, is seen even walking in the forest with another man than her husband, she is chastised by him; a repetition of the offence is generally visited with speedy death. Brothers and sisters scrupulously avoid living alone together. A mother-in-law is not allowed to live alone with her son-in-law. To the Indian's mind the opportunity of evil implies the commission of evil.”

Many tribes discountenance the intermarriage of cousins, which they say is" poison." Since they have mingled with Americans they have developed a Chinese imitativeness, and they take rapidly to the small uses of civilisation; but they have no large force, no inventiveness. As labourers they seem to be superior to the Chinese, and command $1 50 c. or $2 a day with board, or $1 a day when employed by the year, and farmers will trust them with valuable teams and compli cated agricultural machinery to a greater extent than they do the Chinese. The Indian, it seems, endures the hot and heavy work of the ranch (farm) better than even the Canton Chinaman, who comes from a hot climate, but wants an umbrella over his head. "In a square stand-up fight the Indian will thrash the Mongol's head off." There is a wide-spread belief in the United States that food supposed to be rich in phosphorus produces brain-power. Mr. Powers discredits this theory, and attributes something of the mental weakness of the Californian aborigines to the excessive amount of fish which they consumed in fish is rich in brain-food, but it is, he says, "an their native state. It is generally accounted that indisputable fact that the grossest superstition and

lowest intellects in the race are found along the sea-coast." He anticipates dissent from his opinion that, with the exception of a few tribes in the northern part of the State, a great majority of the Californian Indians had no conception whatever of a Supreme Being. They speak, indeed, of the Great Man, the Old Man Above, is a modern graft upon their ideas, because this but they have the word and nothing more. This Being takes no part in their affairs, is never met:tioned in the real and genuine aboriginal mythology or cosmogony, creates nothing, upholds nothing. They all believe in a future state, but there is no conception of a God involved in their ideas of the Happy Western Land. As a descrip tion of the habits, mode of life, and physical, mental, and moral characteristics of these curious people, Mr. Powers' paper is minute and at the same time suggestive.

WE gather from the last printed official report from the Bahamas that the cultivation of the pineapple is rapidly spreading through that colony. Governor Pope Hennessy writes:

"Not many months ago I had an opportunity of

seeing what is probably the largest field of pineapples in the world. It is on the estate of Mr. J. J. Johnson, in the eastern district of New Providence; and from one spot it was possible there to see, at a single glance, 1,200,000 pine-apples growing. They were well weeded and in good order. This broad expanse of young fruit, in its clusters of delicately tinted but sharp and distinct leaves, gave a peculiar feature to the landscape. In appearance it had as little in common with the planes of sugar-cane or the paddy-fields of the tropics as with the corn-fields of Europe."

The total number of pine-apples exported to the United States and England (exclusive of tinned fruit) was 422,994 dozen, valued at 38,7671. Of pine-apples in tins, preserved and packed at the manufactory at Nassau, there were 69,165 dozen exported, of the value of 13,0187. Most of the pine-apples hawked about London streets come from the Bahamas. Their inferiority to the hothouse production of England is due to the necessity of cutting them unripe, so that they may outlive the sea voyage. The sponge trade there, too, is said to be becoming more valuable than that of Syria, though the quality of the sponges

is not so fine.

HANS ANDERSEN'S JUBILEE.

FRIDAY, April 2, was Hans Christian Andersen's seventieth birthday, and the great poet's health is now so completely restored that he was able, we learn, to enter with full interest into the many festivities which his friends and countrymen had

planned for his honour.

quite as much as I, and have no memorial. But this embarrassment left me when I found that the whole nation was as one man in pouring in contributions to this end. Specially, however, has it delighted me to see by the smallness of many of the contributions, that those who have but little to give have also wished to have part in the matter. It is a true joy to me that you have chosen the King's Garden as the spot, and there is a wonderful appropriateness in this, for I well remember how often, in the darkest days of my youth, I have wandered in there to eat my bit of bread, and now I shall see my own statue there. Yet I do not know whether Providence will grant me strength to see it raised, but I hope I shall at least be permitted to see the place prepared for it. I beg you to bring to all these friends my most hearty thanks."

KLEINSCHMIDT, A. Jacob III., Markgraf zu Baden u. Hochberg, der erste regier. Convertit in Deutschland. Frankfurt-a.-M.: Winter. 3 M. KRETSCHMANN. Die Kämpfe zwischen Heraclius I. u. Chosroës II. 1. Thl. Berlin: Calvary. 1 M.

Physical Science and Philosophy.

COMTE'S Positive Philosophy, Freely Translated and Condensed by Harriet Martineau. Second Edition. Trübner. 25s. CROLL, J. Climate and Time in their Geological Relations. Daldy, Isbister & Co.

GEIKIE, A. Life of Sir Roderick I. Murchison. Murray. 30s. MEUNIER, V. Les Ancêtres d'Adam: histoire de l'homme fossile. Paris: Rothschild. 4 fr.

Philology.

BEAL, S. The Romantic Legend of Sakya Buddha: from the
Chinese Sanscrit. Trübner.
SCHUCHARDT, H. Ritornell u. Terzine. Halle: Lippert. 8 M.

CORRESPONDENCE.

A NOTE IN THE CODEX ALEXANDRINUS.

nish. The text of a Serbian translation came too

late to be inserted, and a Bengalee version here in

London evaded the editors' grasp in a most tantalising manner.

At the Royal Theatre were performed in the evening two of Andersen's pieces, Den nye Barsel"The New Lying-In Room," and Liden Kirsten, "Little Christina."

stue,

In Odense, too, the town where Andersen was born, public festivities were held. A tablet was placed by the municipality on the little wretched house, No. 28 in the Munkemöllegade, where he spent the most part of his childhood, and with which all his Odense memories are connected. It was not here indeed that he was born, but in a house at the corner of Bangs-Boder and Hans Jansen's Street, which latter, however, his parents left before he was old enough to remember anything of it in after years. The tablet bears these words :"With this house the poet Hans Christian Andersen connects the dearest memories of his childhood. The municipality of Odense placed this stone on April 2, 1875, the poet's seventieth birthday."

The day before he had been summoned to a private audience of the King of Denmark, in Amalienborg Palace, at the end of which he received the cross of a commander of the first rank, and the Queen and Princess Thyra loaded him with bouquets of flowers. Those who know the sensitive and child-like nature of the poet will easily understand how these pleasant attentions charmed him. On the birthday itself Andersen began the day by receiving crowds of friends in his pretty rooms in Nyhavn, who expressed their congratulations, and then made way for newcomers. Among letters and telegrams from all parts of the world, one document arrived which gratified the receiver excessively; it was a little illuminated address, bound in red velvet, and was brought by a deputation, including Baroness Holstein-Holsteinburg, Professor Vermehren, and several gentleman and ladies of high position. It was an announcement that Danish men and women of all classes had concerted to petition the King to permit them to erect a statue to Andersen in Rosenborg Gardens, that exquisite retreat, in the centre of Copenhagen, where one steps at once out of the rattle and dust of the streets into a cool and sylvan silence under the shade of the beech-trees. The King has given his consent; the sculptors are competing for the work, and every Danish man, woman and child will be at liberty to contribute a skilling or an öre to the general fund. The intimation took Andersen completely by surprise; he was deeply moved, and then, after a moment, rose to thank the deputation BROWNING, R. Aristophanes Apology. Smith, Elder & Co. in these words :

The children of the school where Andersen attended, 800 in number, formed a procession to the house; a vast crowd collected, and the Bishop of Fyen delivered an address. In the evening at the

:

"It is just fifty-six years to-day since I came here from Odense as a poor child. Since then much, much has changed, I feel; in my early life I possessed many qualities which were not understood, and I have gone through heavy days, but yet I would be thankful for these also, since they aided in developing my character. I have met much kindness and love in Copenhagen. I will not dwell on anything in special, but yet will just name Guldberg, the Collin family, and H. C. Örsted. I often recollect with gratitude how Örsted came one evening, when I was in despair, and consoled me with the assurance that times would come when in intellectual matters I should be better understood, but of such a recognition as this to-day I have never even dreamed. As soon as I heard there was a talk of raising a memorial to me, I felt embarrassed, I feared adverse criticism. So many have deserved

theatre the orchestra led off with "The Children's Greeting to Andersen," expressly composed by Herr C. C. Möller, and the poet's drama of Meer end Perler og Gold, "More than Pearls and Gold," was afterwards acted.

From Berlin came several congratulations from men of letters, including one from Berthold Auerbach. On occasion of the day, Andersen was elected honorary member of the new British Scandanavian Society. EDMUND W. Gosse.

SELECTED BOOKS.
General Literature and Art.

BEN JONSON, Gifford's Edition of. With Introduction and
Appendices by Lieut.-Col. F. Cunningham. Bickers. 105s.

BURGESS, J. The Architecture and Scenery in Gujarat and
Rajputana. Marion & Co. 101. 10s.

CARLYLE, T. Early Kings of Norway; and an Essay on the
Portraits of John Knox. Chapman & Hall.
HULME, F. E. Principles of Ornamental Art. Cassell.
LELAND, C. J. Fu-Sang; or, the Discovery of America by
Chinese Buddhist Priests in the Fifth Century. Trübner.
7s. 6d.

MÉRIMÉE, P. Etudes sur les Arts au Moyen-Age. Paris: Lévy. 3 fr. 50 c.

RAE, E. The Land of the North Wind; or, Travels among the
Laplanders and the Samoyedes. Murray. 10s. 6d.
ROUGH NOTES of Journeys in Syria, down the Tigris, &c.
Trübner.

Trinity College, Cambridge: April 5, 1875. On the back of the first leaf of the Codex

Martyris." Baber, in his edition of the Codex, Memorant hunc librum scriptu fuisse manu Theclae expresses it as his opinion that the Arabic inscription was written some little time before the MS. came into the possession of the Patriarch Cyril, that is, early in the seventeenth century. The Latin translation, he adds, is "ab alia manu sed fere coeva." Mr. Scrivener, in his Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament (2nd ed. p. 89), mentions the Arabic inscription, and states that it is "translated into Latin by another not very modern scribe."

When consulting Baber's edition of the MS. a few days since, I was surprised to find that this Bentley himself, whose handwriting I recognised. "not very modern scribe" is no other than It is well known that Bentley was King's Librarian and had charge of the MS. which he calls "the oldest and best now in the world," and that he collated it for his proposed edition of the Greek Testament. But I am not aware that anyone has observed the fact to which I venture to call your attention. WILLIAM ALDIS WRIGHT.

TRADITIONS OF THE DELUGE.

Kensington: April 6, 1875. Now that we are gradually arriving at a common sense, though not the less Christian view of the obscure traditions of the Deluge-which later cuneiform decipherments have forced upon usit may concern the Western World to learn the interpretation put upon the same event by the severed section of our race who dwelt beyond the waters of the Flood to the eastward. The belief among the ancient nations whose range was not confined within the boundaries of the Mesopotamian valley is summarised in the subjoined passage from a work of the celebrated Khárizmian mathematician and astronomer, Abú Rihán, AlBírúni. The date of its publication (or presentation) may roughly be fixed at something prior to A.D. 1012, and the locality of its composition and endorsement at or near Gúrgán, E.S.E. of the Caspian. It will be seen that tradition in the East in no wise contests the fact of a deluge, but consistently confirms it, as though its exponents in those parts had already accepted the more natural explanation of the narrowed limits incident to the general configuration of the country, which modern reason assigns to the Chaldean inundation.

The subjoined extract is taken from an un

month in Switzerland. Smith, Elder & Co.

History.

CALENDAR of the State Papers relating to Ireland of the Reign of James I., 1608-1610. Ed. C. W. Russell and J. P. Prendergast. Longmans. 158.

Bakiya, now in course of preparation for the Oriental Translation Fund by Dr. E. Sachau, professor of Oriental languages at Vienna.

"The Persians and the great mass of the Magians deny the Deluge altogether; they believe that the

la guerre de cent ans. Paris: Sandoz et Fishbacher. 7 fr. 50 c.

without any interruption ever since Gayômarsk, Gil