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To-day, according to our programme, we selli is not likely to have painted such a subject deal with subjects of religion. The chief ex- twice; and to have to read for "other figures ample of Florentine religious art in the ex- Dominic, and for "John the Evangelist " John the hibition, at least the largest and most intact Baptist, is the kind of erratum we are used to (No. 181), raises points of the negative kind in Vasari. Vasari has had followers more carewhich reflect upon others besides the compilers less than himself. Dr. Waagen (vol. iii. p. 4) of the present catalogue. It is a square altar-seeing a second saint in the Dominican habit piece in tempera by Cosimo Rosselli, excellently and a saint with a lion beside him, dubbed preserved. Of the great painters who worked for them hastily St. Peter (sc. Peter Martyr) and Sixtus IV. on the walls of his chapel in the St. Jerome; although the Dominican has not Vatican, between 1480 and 1486, Cosimo Rosselli the cleaver which is the indispensable sign of was the weakest, the least forward in the perfec- Peter Martyr, and although the saint with the ions of his time. Vasari has a tale, which most lion has no other resemblance to Jerome. And ikely is no more than a tale, that he won the Messrs. Crowe and Cavalcaselle, with less than rize over his betters in this enterprise because, their customary precision, while they point out rusting to the Pope's little skill in painting, he that this is "possibly" the original spoken of ad made a great show in his compositions with by Vasari, repeat Waagen's error about Peter ilding and fine colours. To be profuse with Martyr and Jerome. Lastly, the Academy catailding and fine colours is not in truth a weakness logue in its turn writes Jerome for Mark, and, of Cosimo Rosselli; but it is his weakness to be recognising the Archbishop, spells him Antonio little fantastical and at the same time a little instead of Antonino. Let the reader forgive me lull. He is far below either of his Florentine for dwelling on these details; but errors of detail ellow-workmen in the Sixtine chapel-below had hitherto stood in the way of an identification Botticelli in individuality and sentiment, below which may be taken as certain. Another altarhirlandaio in universality and grasp. This piece from the same collection is hung as a pennystical picture represents him at his best. The dant to the Cosimo Rosselli. This is a devotional ubject is an unusual one in the free art of Italy Ascension of the Virgin, ascribed by Young Ottley, fter the Middle Age. It shows the vision of a whose property it was and who engraved it, to ymbolical crucifix, or holy cross, adored by a Giotto; and now to Fra Angelico. Messrs. Crowe hoir of seraphs and angels in the sky and a and Cavalcaselle (vol. i. p. 589) pass it as the work roup of saints on earth. Christ is extended on of Angelico. The Virgin in pale lilac drapery, and he cross, impassive, in royal robes and crown, with hands folded, sits within an almond-shaped ccording to a devotional fashion of early art. glory barred with clouds and sustained by angels; -One foot of Christ touches the sacramental the tomb below her is in the foreground of a landhalice placed on the ground beneath the scape of white rocks; roses and lilies have burst into rucifix: his straight black robe has a rich blossom within the tomb, and Francis and Bonaewelled border and a fringe of gold, green, and ventura kneel to right and left in front of it. This ed. Three crosses are embroidered above his cannot, I think, be the work of Angelico. I see irdle, and one on each of the white shoes upon neither his science of composition, nor his delicate is feet. Behind the crucifix there are the usual draughtsmanship, nor his purity and vividness of ying heads of cherub and seraph, with four colour, nor his holy inwardness of sentiment. The igels ringing them about, and two more angels Virgin's head, especially her mouth, has been reDove, scattering roses from right and left. The newed; and so have the gilt parts in general. ead of Christ is empty enough in character; but Otherwise judgment is free; and this low-toned these cherubs and angels there is much sweet- painting with its stiff Virgin, its angels with their ess and invention; the colour in its quiet tones short arms in false drawing sustaining the man3 very pleasant, and the glimpse of landscape-dorla, its weakness here and archaism there, ake and promontory with a low horizon-has a belongs to another school than that of Florence. ery fine character. But the saints are the best The peculiar kicking action and pointed draperies art. On the left stands Dominic in his character of the two lower angels, with the disordered locks f Predicant, pointing to the open book with and interesting eager face of one of them (the ext on one page and an illumination on the other. best point in the picture) are of themselves Below him kneels John the Baptist in the usual enough, I think, to say, not Florence, but Siena. oat of camel's hair. On the right stands another A writer in the Saturday Review has already Dominican in the plain habit of the order, only referred the piece to the Sienese school, and no ith small black crosses embroidered on a white doubt rightly; although, of the names there brought and about his shoulders. This is Antonino, the together from divers times and tendencies in the loved Archbishop; one of the most amiable school, one only has any application. That is gures of Italian history in the fifteenth cen- Sano di Pietro, "the Angelico of Siena" as he iry. He was appointed to the see of Florence has been called; and by Sano di Pietro, or else y Eugenius IV., upon the recommendation, Matteo di Giovanni di Bartolo, called Matteo 3 is said, of Fra Angelico, his friend da Siena, I am confident that this picture nd cloister-brother of St. Mark's, who had is. Midway between these pendants, on the imself been offered the dignity and declined it. same wall, hangs a work full and brimming over his picture was of course painted after his with the spirit, the animation and multifariousness, eath, which happened in 1459; but Cosimo, of Florentine life in the fifteenth century. This is orn in 1439, must have known his features fa- the round of the Adoration (184), which belonged iliarly; and the type stands well for that of the to the Barker collection, and which, for all it has pod ascetic who, "without horses and without suffered, one would almost have been glad to see estments and without attendants and without added, as so many prizes from that collection were naments of any kind in his house," as Vespa- added, to the National Gallery. When a painting ano says, exercised for years the purest and shows the manner of Lippo Lippi, but adds to ealthiest moral influence both upon public and it certain other qualities-a particular passion for rivate affairs in the peninsula. Below him kneels birds and beasts, an extreme delight in multit. Mark the Evangelist, with the gospel in his left tude and processional pomp and animation-then and and the pen in his right, and his symbol the the natural name to give it is Pesellino. Francesco on (whose head only we can see) beside him. di Stefano, called Pesellino from his grandfather ow Vasari, in his life of Cosimo Rosselli (vol. v. Peselli, was a close imitator of Lippo Lippi, but 30), tells how "in St. Mark's, at Florence, upon added to his manner the predilections I have panel in the chapel of the cloth-weavers, he named, and in his turn handed them on to rought the holy cross in the midst, and at the Benozzo Gozzoli. They assert themselves in every des St. Mark, St. John the Evangelist, St. An- inch of this dramatic panel. Certainly the work nino Archbishop of Florence, and other figures." is of the nearest possible kindred to those we know r. Fuller Maitland, it is evident, sets before us of Pesellino in Florence. But between Pesellino re the very picture mentioned by Vasari. Ros- and Lippo Lippi in such cases the distinction is

fine, and there is, perhaps, no reason to quarrel with the accepted title which gives this work to the greater master. What invention! what vivacity and variety! The stall in the middle of the view is not only a stall for ox and ass, but a stable full of horses, and farriers busy shoeing them; upon its roof struts a peacock; in front of it a gold pheasant and a silver pheasant fly across. The Holy Family are in the foreground; the shepherds have come in by a rocky way,humble peasants and out at elbows; the foremost of the kings has just knelt to kiss with humility the feet of the baby. And behind the kings, such a retinue !-made up of all the richest embassies that the painter had seen file through the streets of Florence on their way to their lodgings at Santa Maria Novella or in the house of Cosimo; riders on horses, riders on camels, the foremost awe-stricken, with doffed bonnets and hands clasped or extended as they come within sight of the holy family; those in the rear gay and chatting. The van of the procession appears from under an archway on the left; its centre is out of sight behind the great block of classical ruins upon which the stall abuts; its rear reappears further off on the right, and is closed by a press of faces high up against the horizon, showing that there is no end to those who have yet to come. And the population of Bethlehem, which is the population of Florence, has turned out to see: mothers with their babies, beggars, idiots, and a little company of the naked who have hurried up, I suppose, either from bathing or from the hospital. It is all delightfully simple and vivid and honest, and full of quaint life and observation and character. Another Lippo Lippi, this time unquestionable, is the Virgin with four angels, numbered 185. This is a very beautiful and characteristic piece, with its roguish boy angels, and its setting of the Virgin's head in front of a little space of sky and roses over-canopied with meeting gold wings. And it has a capital pendent in the Crivelli (No. 182, and the property of the same owner, Mr. Graham); a Virgin with the bony fingers this painter loved, and with all his force spent in the patterning of her dark gold cloak with its dark red lining, and in the imitative rendering of the fly, the pear, the cracked marble dais lettered with his own signature-things in which also his soul delighted after its half grim, half childish, wholly intense fashion. Luca Signorelli, the learned and fearless master who was for Central Italy in the fifteenth century what Mantegna was for the North, is so rare out of his own country that one is delighted to see this fragment of a Deposition (177)-one man stooping with his pincers on a ladder, and a couple of soldiers with their tight jerkins and striped hose in the landscape. The principal figure is a model whose vigorous head, tanned and bald with a few white tufts, occurs over and over again in Signorelli's frescoes painted in 1497 and 1498 at Monte Oliveto in the parts about Siena; this fragment has certainly come from some altar-piece done by him about that period. Coming to the days of crowning perfection: here are the two painters of Florence who, at the hour of art's consummation, were wont to join with the most of freedom and sweetness and facility the least of individual character and invention. I mean Andrea del Sarto and Fra Bartolommeo: here they are in two examples, from the collection of Mr. Cook, good in spite of injury and restoration (172, 176). The panel of St. Sebastian (178), claimed by its inscription as a work of Raphael in his first Perugian time, must be left to the debate of experts. I do not see that there is anything in the somewhat prim carefulness and ascetic precision of this nude to positively contradict the inscription; but it is a very delicate matter to decide on internal evidence between one and another of the young unformed scholars of Perugino in such cases. And about the other Sebastian from the collection of Sir William Miles (167) I have still less to say. Its subject is not doubtful: even the all-accepting Waagen, in his account of Leigh Court, protested

against its being called, as it still is, a portrait of William Tell. But its author is very doubtful. Be he who he may-and he cannot be Holbeinthe picture is an admirably thorough and careful piece of design, with a masterly piece of work in the foreshortened left hand especially.

66

Of the Venetian pictures, few this year are of the sacred order. Lord Yarborough sends a Magdalen of Titian (136), which cannot, I think, be by any weaker hand than the master's own. It is the same as his well-known Magdalen in the Pitti. Among replicas of the subject, says Dr. Waagen, with few exceptions, it surpasses all others, not only in transparency and warmth of colouring, but in elevation of expression." To find elevation of expression in the upturned face and streaming eyes of this stout Venetian woman, whom Mr. Ruskin once called "the disgusting Magdalen of the Pitti," is not easy; but warmth and transparency, the Titianic splendour, are unmistakeable in her hair, her blanket, her book, and the noble landscape on the right. The small Deposition of Tintoret, from the same collection (128), is also a very characteristic piece in undefaced golden tones; the landscape, with its near foliage and distant temple, the vehement graceful Maries about the corpse, are all flung in with the same headlong certainty that makes the art of Tintoret so stirring to look at, even when, for speed and carelessness, his art is almost manufacture.

And with this last of the great Venetians we leave the schools of Italy for good, so far as religious art is concerned. There are no examples to detain us of Tintoret's contemporaries of Bologna, or of their successors in the seventeenth century; and if there were, there is always something depressing in the study of those accomplished Diadochi of the art, whose accomplishment is so much more patent than their inspiration, and who wrought for the austere and militant Papacy after the Reformation in a spirit so different from that which had inspired their predecessors in the service of the humane and joyous Papacy of the Renaissance. It is in Spain that austere and militant Catholicism, the Catholicism of the Inquisition, finds its really imaginative and original expression in art. Of the great painters who flourished when bigotry and luxury ruled hand in hand at the court of Philip IV., Zurbaran is at once the most imaginative and the most austere. He is a great religious, at any rate a great monastic painter; and these two large single figures of Benedict and Jerome, from the gallery of Lord Heytesbury, represent him well (197, 200). Nothing is more masterly than these strong ascetic heads, than these conventual robes falling in broad folds and strong planes of light and shadow; nothing strikes a more appropriate note than this cleft of penitential landscape behind either saint-dark gorges of the Sierras, where white or lurid clouds roll solemnly overhead, and where from lonely rock to rock echoes no sound but the hermit's litany. Near the same place is hung a Virgin Annunciate of the Spanish school, a kneeling figure in full face, with arms extended, the atmosphere about her a golden cloud. This is very strongly and thoroughly drawn, and the dark crimson cloak of the Virgin an admirable piece of grave work. It comes from the gallery of Sir W. Miles, and is ascribed to Velazquez. As such I see that Sir William Stirling Maxwell allows it in both his catalogues-I mean that in his Annals of the Artists of Spain, and his Velaz quez and his Works. If it is by Velazquez, it is not in the manner of his maturity, and can only be the picture he is recorded to have painted of this subject while a boy in the studio of Pacheco at Seville. On a question of Spanish art I speak without book; but is not this rather the hand of Velazquez' distinguished contemporary Alonzo

Cano ?

To most of us, I dare say, the religious art that grew up in the seventeenth century among the Protestant rebels of the Catholic king in the North

will mean more-as indeed it was a thing more profound and new-than that which filled the churches and monasteries of his orthodox kingdom in the South. Here are two capital examples of that artist who, in the cities of Holland, saw in a new light the aspects of rags and squalor and calamity. The Queen's Adoration of the Magi (152) has in perfection all the elements which in Rembrandt made up such a strange unprecedented poetry; his love of gloom and faint bituminous light to bring out the solidity and at the same time the glamour of things; his intense popular sympathy and insight into poverty and suffering; his passion for grotesque Oriental properties and fripperies. The peasant mother, with her heavily-swathed babe upon her lap, sits in the night outside the shed; the star of Bethlehem lets down its light, an oily reddish perpendicular ray, from above; the thatch of the shed stands out in the gleam, and in dark shadow under the eave you can see the figure of Joseph. One king kneels forward with his gift, and two attendants kneel behind him; the two other kings with their attendants stand waiting, almost lost in the darkness is a group under a circular umbrella. Rembrandt, as usual, has taken his models from the Jewry of Amsterdam and dressed them in their own stock-in-trade; and the character, the poetry, the splendour of handling, the sense of the real and the familiar amid the unreal and the strange, of I know not what humour and mystery and solemn pitifulness, need no words for those who have eyes to see. lection of the Duke of Abercorn. It is a large second Rembrandt (153) comes from the colDeposition, with figures in life-size, quite different in composition from those versions of the subject which exist in the National Gallery and at St. Petersburg, and, I think, at Berlin. The body of Christ lies across the front of the picture, upon a white shroud, the right arm making a particularly ungainly angle. Rembrandt when he attempted to be academical left his genius behind; and this Christ is an ineffective study of that kind, with a head of some academical beauty but little of Rembrandt's intenser power. Where the painter is himself is in the accessory heads-a silver-bearded Joseph of Arimathea stooping over the corpse; a Magdalen with her hand upon her brow leaning in a faint gold light against the cross; above all, a Mary Mother holding the head of Christ, her own head coifed in pale red and white, a faint light bringing out the dolour of her features with a mysterious life and reality.

The

It scarcely occurs to one to think of the work of Rubens as sacred art. The spirit of worldliness and the delight of the eye and the pride of life, luxury and power and opulence not without vulgarity, make the art of the great Fleming a thing the most unlike in the world to the art of the great Dutchman. There are compositions of Rubens finer in the same violent gorgeous way than this great Conversion of St. Paul (110) with its plunging horses and rolling Roman soldiers; but this, together with the Duke of Sutherland's Holy Family (107) serves justly enough to represent him in the series.

And lastly, what has the English school to show us in the way of sacred art? Only two life-sized pictures of Sir Joshua Reynolds (229, 242), from his great composition for the window of New College at Oxford: subject, the Angel appearing to the Shepherds. The angel is not here; only a shepherd-boy and his dog in one piece, and two grown-up shepherds in the other. The best thing is the dog he stands among the fictitious drums and capitals of a fallen temple; but his head has all that vivacity and delicate air, with which the pet spaniel follows his mistress across the sward in so many radiant canvases of the same master. But what shall be said of the rest? Dull ugly colour without the master's charm; one of the shepherds a portrait, not good, of Sir Joshua himself, in a serge tunic, with a staff and bare calves; his companion a theatrical profile, with

extended arms; the execution empty and pretentious. It is plain the English school is here engaged upon what it does not understand. It is plain that this is not a new phase of creative genius in the religious order to put beside the mysticism of Siena, or the multifarious vitality of Florence, or the splendour of Venice, or the austerity of Spain, or the rushlit pathos and democratic Christianity of Holland, or even the commoner and more carnal pomp and energy and glow of Flanders. SIDNEY COLVIN.

THE WATER-COLOUR SOCIETY.

(Second Notice.)

WE return to this exhibition to give some account of the landscapes and other miscellaneous works.

The

Mr. Albert Goodwin sends various Italian studies, distinguished by delicate exactness in a light and bright key of colour, somewhat flat and mosaic-like in touch; the painter being evidently bent upon distinguishing the local tints, with comparative indifference to the total effect of light and shade. For years past, he has been painting in a very methodical and tentative spirit. present works mark a further stage in his practice; and we expect to see him pretty soon in full possession of his powers, both as colourist and as chiaroscurist. The Market-place, Verona, and the Assisi, are very attractive examples; San Zenon (not "Sanoni," as in the catalogue), Verona, is carried somewhat further, but with hardly so should also be looked at; and the little piece of pleasing a result. Two studies of Sea and Sky still-life, Six Inches of Jersey Granite. Professor Ruskin exhibits four studies, which, though minute and the contrary of robust in manner, are not properly to be called slight, being replete with knowledge and discrimination. The Glacier des Bossons, Chamouni, October 1874, is especially interesting in its variety of tender yet brilliant shades of colour; also the View Drawn on Ein, April 26, 1874. The Acanthus changing to Acacia, Thirteenth Century, Capital in Main Street of Assisi, is one of those pieces of architectural decorative design which no draughtsman reproduces with more refined appreciation than Professor Ruskin. Miss Clara Montalba shows very uncommon talent in this gallery. She has great quickness of perception and readiness of resource; likes a large number of different things; and conveys the spirit of them in her rapid characteristic painter-like way. She tends overmuch, however, to the blotty and grimy in handling; as for instance in the Sketch on the Thames, Limehouse Creek-which is none the less true and bold. The Study of Birch-trees at Nääs, Sweden, is very prettily and spontaneously touched off: the Rainy Day, Venice, renders with observable insight the drenched depth of defined colour which distinguishes the Venetian atmospheric effect under such conditions. Other specimens by this lady, of a different quality, are not at all inferior to these. Mr. Powell's sea-pictures mark a high point of attainment in the expression of pale and hazy effect: the light broods within a yellowish whitish veil, which obstructs and yet diffuses it. This is particularly apparent in the Loch Fyne Herring Boats, Morning, and in the smaller subject named No. 135 G. K.-Syra in the Greek Archipelago, by Mr. Andrews, is a resolute effort at obtaining absolute brightness, and a fairly successful one. Mr. Edward Goodall exhibits one of the most prominent landscape-compositions here, under the title, Son of Man, can these bones live? And I answered, O Lord God, thou knowest_ (Ezekiel). Near the Great Pyramid of Sakkara: Excavations at the Tombs under the direction of Marretti Bey. When one sees a title of this sort, one knows that the painter has been putting forth his strength, hoping to attain greatness, or to be thought to have attained it; likewise one knows that, if he does not happen really to be a great man, it will not be easy for him to appear such, however high-pitched

s subject-matter. Mr. Goodall gives us pyramids, bbish-heaps, mummy-cases, skulls, bones, jackals, d carrion-birds; and comes out of the ordeal ith a certain amount of credit-as much as could asonably be expected. Regarding other landape exhibitors, we need perhaps do no more an call attention to some of the contributions of lessrs. Hale, Dodgson, Read, Cox, Whaite, Branhite, North, Danby, and Marks. We regret to iss Mr. Boyce, whose pleasant, sensible, simple eling in subject and general treatment, and tural grace and harmony in colour and method,

not to be exactly compensated for by any of

colleagues, however skilful.

The chief animal-subject is the Sudden Attack,
Mr. Brittan Willis, a crayon drawing of a
ghland herd amid the wild hill-scenery, with
o bulls closing in fight. This is an able work,
d, by stretching a point, might even be termed
powerful one. Mr. Basil Bradley's Sketch of
Loung Lion and Lionesses born in the Gardens of
Le Royal Zoological Society in 1872 is an important
exaggerated study, worthy of all commendation:
e colour, tawny throughout both in principals
d in accessories, is capably managed. Mr.
rket Foster's Studies of Fish are clever pieces of
ll-life-not, however, by any means rivalling
tat old William Hunt used to give us; and
s. Harrison's Iris is gracefully done.
W. M. ROSSETTI.

NOTES AND NEWS.

LE Museum of South Kensington has made
important acquisition of a variety of art ob-
ts from Persia, collected by Mr. Murdoch
ith, superintendent of the telegraphic estab-
iment in that country.
He has sent over a
re collection of the siliceous glazed earthen-
e of Persia, among which are bowls decorated
h blue and black flowers, the sides with a
ced pattern filled in with transparent glaze,
"grains de riz" of the French writers, imitated
the Chinese, and reproduced at the manufac-
y of Sèvres. There is another specimen, also
forated, of drab glaze. Other objects are:-water
tles of bulbous form decorated with brown me-
ic lustre, and rose-water sprinklers (Golabpash),
h richly engraved metal mountings: a number of
hes for rice, from Kashan, with decorations of the
htest blue, one with the typical deer, showing
Chinese derivation, others with green glaze:
rasps for scraping the palms of the hands and
s of the feet in the bath, made in the forms of
inutive ducks and slippers.

he examples of metal work are most elaborate,
cially two tall cylindrical pots, probably de-
ed for incense, and some plates of a highly
orous metal, giving out the clearest, most sil-
sounds, are inlaid with pure gold. The
er specimens consist of various pieces of mar-
ry and large wooden spoons, used for sherbet,
t delicately carved. This valuable collection
been acquired at a really nominal cost.
UR readers will have read, in the ACADEMY of
2nd, the advertisement offering rewards to the
unt of 2001, for the discovery and conviction
he parties who forged Mr. Linnell's signature
pies of his paintings which have been sold as
nals. No clue has yet been obtained. It

ars that the parties who have committed the
I would buy an original picture, obtaining at
ame time a receipt, letter, or some document
ing to the picture, of which they immediately
o work to produce copies which they sold as
nals. Being furnished with the receipt,
, or other document, amateurs purchased the
ings without a shadow of doubt as to their
ality, and the manufacture succeeded to
ration.

LETTER has been received from Mr. G. F.
s by the Secretary of the Royal Manchester
Eution, in reply to a notification that the
wood prize had been awarded for his picture

Love and Death, in which Mr. Watts requests the
Council to retain the prize in their hands to be
awarded in some subsequent year "for the most
poetic design, the best picture regarded from the
highest point of view."

that we can gain, the number of letters is-350 written by Michel Angelo himself, and as many probably as 1,400 written to and about him.

THE French Academy of Fine Arts has elected M. Abadie member of the section of architecture, in the place of M. Gilbert; M. Lefuel, of the section of architecture, president, and M. Meissonier, of the section of painting, vice-president for 1875.

THE death is announced of M. Guillaume Régamey, the distinguished painter of military scenes, and winner of a medal at the last Salon

(see ACADEMY, vol. v. p. 556).

THE sale of 200 paintings by old masters from the celebrated collection of the Marquis of Salamanca is an event calculated to cause great excitement in the art world of Paris. The Salamanca Gallery is especially remarkable for its fine works of the Spanish school. Several of these have previously found their way to the Hotel Drouot (as, for instance, Murillo's Death of Santa Clara, which was purchased by Lord Dudley, in 1867, elaborate examination of the frescoes in the MR. C. HEATH WILSON is engaged in an for 95,000 francs, and was exhibited a few years Sistine Chapel, for which purpose he has been ago at the Royal Academy Exhibition of Old Masters); but enough still remain to give consupplied by the Vatican authorities with a scaffoldsiderable importance to the sale. Among the mosting of more than 50 feet in height. On the state of the frescoes he writes as follows:noteworthy we may mention: an Immaculate Conception, not this time by Murillo, but by the bold Ribera, who has represented the Virgin in this picture as a magnificent noble woman, with none of the affectation and prettiness of Murillo; two small portraits of Philip IV. and his wife, probably sketches for the large pictures at Madrid; the Posada and The King's Fox-catcher, by Velasand two admirable genre subjects, the Interior of quez; a Penitent, by Zurbaran; Santa Rosa of Lima, and six paintings of biblical subjects, by Murillo; several paintings by Goya; a large and fine work by Cerezo of The Appearance of the Virgin to St. Francis; and The Communion of St. Theresa, an interesting painting by the little known Portuguese painter Alonso Sanchez Coello, The paintings of the Italian school of this collection cannot compare in merit with those of the Spanish. Most of them are evidently wrongly attributed, but there is one little panel, said to be by Raphael, that deserves attention. If not by him, it is by one of the pupils who had most affinity with him. Nor are the works of the Flemish and Dutch schools very remarkable. Here also there are many flagrant cases of wrongly bestowed names. Two authentic Rubens, however, two portraits by Vandyck, a Presentation in the Temple by Jordaens, and several works by Teniers, Snyders, Gerard Dow, Adrian van Ostade, and other masters of the Dutch school, have a real value.

It is thought that the Louvre, which is very deficient in examples of the Spanish school, will probably acquire some of the best pictures of this collection. Its sale will take place on the 25th and 26th of this month.

"I have seen those on the vault of the Sistine under the most favourable circumstances possible, to learn with a conviction settled and immoveable that these are the greatest and the most perfectly executed works of fresco painting in the world. They have been frightfully ill-used. It is not smoke only which has damaged these immortal works, but rude and damage might be remedied. The Last Judgment has barbarous hands have been there. I think that the been so repainted in many parts as to be in no respect --I mean in point of general effect and chiaroscuro--what Michel Angelo made it; but the vault frescoes at any rate have not thus been used, they are for the most part free from barbarous and monstrous retouching; but portions have been scoured, I know not when, by working masons, I suppose, for no other hands could have used them so; but the divine painting, although soiled, is there as he left it, as it came from his hands and mind, in all its majesty, its beauty and its absolutely matchless technical skill, and reverent hands might remove cobwebs and dust, and might stop gaping cracks and clean away smoke--for the frescoes are hard and sound. I wiped away cobwels with a silk handkerchief, and a dark accumulation of this from the breast of Adam. As these hung down in dirty festoons, veiling beauties. I could easily with a light sweep, not touching the surface, cause these accumulations of, I suppose, some generations of spiders to fall down in dusty dusky filaments. Judgment was originally harmonised by Michel

"I am quite persuaded that the picture of the Last Angelo with the ceiling, with all his matchless skillits dissonance has been caused by the work of later times, and in some places it has been mended by hands not trained in any knowledge of art at all."

THE Nation tells us a long story about a little picture, of which Mr. Morris Moore is the owner, and which he believes to be by Raphael. There

the Italian papers :-
THE following statement appears in several of has been endless confusion as to its attribution;

66

the criminal archives placed by the late Pontifical
The Government have lately taken possession of

Government in the convent of St. Jerome. On exa-
mining these documents there was found in a quantity
of waste paper to be got rid of, an inventory of the
property of Michel Angelo at the time of his death.
This inventory was made by order of the Roman
Government shortly after hearing of his death.
It contains much interesting information: for ex-
ample, it gives a list of the statues blocked out by
Michel Angelo and not completed, which were found
by him for works in contemplation, and mentions the
in his studio. It also enumerates cartoons designed
sum of money in his possession when he died."
Italian correspondent writes to us that on enquiry
This, if true, is certainly interesting; but our
reality of little consequence. It is, in fact, very
about these papers, he was told that they were in
difficult to find out the exact truth of the various
documents. For example, the most contradictory
reports in circulation respecting the Buonarroti
statements have been made respecting the number
of letters written by and to Michel Angelo that
are to be published at the approaching centenary.
Many papers have stated that there were about
700 autographic letters, others 200, and others a
different number. Even Italian authorities on the
subject have blundered almost as much as foreigners.
According to the most trustworthy information

for it was bought for an Andrea Mantegna, and was pronounced by Passavant to be of the school of Francesco Francia-probably the work of Timoteo Viti of Urbino. In Venice, in the collection of the Academy, was found a pencil-drawing of the composition, but this drawing had been ascribed neither to Mantegna, nor to Raphael, nor to Timoteo Viti; but to Benedetto Montagna. Whose the picture is, seems still an undecided question. Mr. Moore says Raphael, and wishes, thinks the Nation, to sell it to an American. The picture represents Marsyas seated on the left, playing on his flute, while in full front stands Apollo listening to the music of his rival.

commission of the National Society of Artists, took place in Paris on Sunday last. The following formed on the proposition of M. de Chennevières, were elected:-Sculpture (eight members), MM. guière, Mathurin-Moreau, Marcelin, Carrier-BellPaul Dubois, Guillaume, Cabet, Soitoux, Faleuse; Architecture (four members), MM. Violletle-Duc, Labrousté, Ballu, Boes willvald; Engraving (five members), MM. Henri-Dupont, Veyrassat, Sirouy, Boetzel, Marcial; Painting (fourteen members), MM. Corot, Fromentin, Gérôme, J. Breton, Daubigny, Lajolais, Bonnat, Vollon, Luminais, Chaplin, Bonvin, Feyen-Perrin, Français, Gaillaumet.

THE election of members of the constituent

PROFESSOR OVERBECK has been lecturing at the Scientific Institution of Cologne on the character of the plastic genre sculpture of the ancient Greeks, and on the productions of the moderns compared with the best remains of Hellenic art.

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THE STAGE.

99 THE NEW MAGDALEN AT THE CHARING CROSS THEATRE.

MR. WILKIE COLLINS's New Magdalen has reappeared on the London stage, after a career of nearly two hundred nights in the country, follow ing, at no great interval, upon a career of equal length in London. Reproduced last Saturday before our town playgoers, at the Charing Cross Theatre, it was received with approval, and the generally colder audience of a second night confirmed on Monday the verdict of the first. The success of The New Magdalen is, then, an accomplished fact; and one is only concerned to know the cause of it, and to see how far it is justified. Great stress has been laid upon the moral pointed by Mr. Collins's drama; but those are little familiar with London audiences who lay any part of the success of the play to the credit of its teaching. Here and again very forcibly, the teaching is insisted on by passages of vigorous dialogue addressed in truth to the audience, but the most that the audience does is to lend itself for a moment to listen to this and to applaud it. In good time, it is forgotten, and the audience does not in reality so much applaud the cause as the cleverness of its advocate an advocate who, strongly possessed with his theme, has done unconsciously what the wily Guido, in The Ring and the Book, did consciously—that is, he has mingled truth and sophistry so that his listeners are baffled. And if in narrative "the mixture of a lie doth ever add pleasure," certainly in advocacy the mixture of a truth is of incalculable value to a bad cause. A little truth will leaven a lump of sophistry; and Mr. Collins's sophistry is leavened with much more than a little truth.

No wonder then, that it is momentarily accepted by an audience moved by the art of his story: no wonder that the people's sympathy with the heroine's misfortune and admiration for the Broad Church clergyman who at some cost to himself endeavours to relieve it in unconventional ways, make them half believe for a moment that the Broad Church clergyman is wisdom itself when, preparing, like Micawber, to quit England, with his bride from the Refuge, he "despises the Old World's narrow prejudices, and its superstitions," or when earlier in the play-having himself been generous and forgiving to the New Magdalen, he propounds the monstrous proposition that "the best among us to-day may be the worst to-morrow." His personal charity, his excellent truths or truisms about the labourer's right to live, make this last nonsense palatable; but if Julian Gray had thought a little longer, he would have seen that even if best men are moulded out of faults, they are moulded, not changed in the twinkling of an eye, and would have remembered -what he must quite well have known-that the whole of life, and not one single act in it, makes good or bad. His utterance was not to the credit of his head; but he is a fine fellow, after all, and will doubtless learn his mistake in that New World to which he goes so hopefully-the good New World, free as of course it is sure to be, from every fault of the old. He will not better his heart, in the good New World, but he will mature his judgment.

The approval of the audience then is with him, just while he speaks, but when the curtain falls the moral of the play is forgotten, if indeed the moral really meant is that the new Magdalen is likely to be better at heart and more forgiving than the unsophisticated girl whose place she has usurped. Be this as it may, it is not the moralgood in its teaching of general charity: bad in its

insinuation of almost universal uncharitablenessthat makes the success of the piece, or is its chief source of interest. Mr. Wilkie Collins's judgment on certain social questions may have played him false; but his genius of construction has been true to him. And it is not because the work teaches something of the lesson taught by M. Dumas in Le Fils de Madame Aubry, and by a younger dramatist, Mr. Gilbert, in Charity, that the work succeeds. Charity didn't succeed; yet its lesson was the soundest of the three. The New Magdalen succeeds because it shows all the constructive power which bound us with a spell in the Woman in White. Briefly, The New Magdalen, considered as an acting piece, is the strongest thing the stage has seen during many years.

There is not an unnecessary character, there is not an unnecessary scene in it. Hardly is there a superfluous word. The exposition of the story and its development are as lucid and succinct as ever was the summing up of any judge in court of justice. The curtain rises on an incident of the war-the Germans occupy a position from which the French retire. Grace Roseberry, the Canadian girl nursed by a woman who was an outcast, is seemingly dead; the outcast will take her place in the new society which will never have a chance of discovering the imposture. The new Grace Roseberry passes through the German lines, in charge of an English journalist, and at that moment a German surgeon, by an operation unknown to the French, is restoring the real Grace Roseberry to life and consciousness. The first act of the play itself sees Mercy Merrick comfortably settled in the other's place: a rich young man is making love to her, and she has won the regard of Lady Janet Roy. This is success in life. And the first act ends with the arrival of the real Grace

Roseberry and her recognition of Mercy Merrick as the woman from the Refuge who had nursed her in the German war. The second act is stronger still. At its beginning Mercy Merrick is still safely in Grace Roseberry's place. No one doubts her story-the story of the other is that of a madwoman. The clergyman, Julian Gray, involves himself in the affair, and while secretly loving Lady Janet's protégée, his duty prompts him alone to see that absolute justice is done to the new comer. At length Mercy Merrick confesses to him her deception, and he waits to hear her confess it to the rest. This she is almost in act to do, when the superfluous taunts of the real Grace Roseberry change for a moment her purpose, and there is a remarkable moment for the audience -a great one for the actress-when Mercy Merrick, stung by these taunts, defies her, and in token of a new persistence calls her aloud, not Grace Roseberry, but Mercy Merrick. This is a scene weak to narrate, but powerfully conceived and powerfully executed. At last contrition does its work on the one woman, or, to speak more truly, the sympathy which is lacking to the other. She cannot see Grace Roseberry carried away to a madhouse. So she makes a clean breast of it, and in the next act, after having proved the heartlessness of every body else, goes away with Julian Gray to that new country which is the Paradise of people who can't get on in this. Were one disposed to go a little deeper into Mr. Collins's work, it wouldn't be a difficult task to show that Mercy Merrick, with her hardness and her contrition, is inconsistent beyond the limits of human inconsistency; and certainly one might decline to give her all the author's credit for virtue when she makes the confession which in common honesty Julian Gray would have made-however unwillingly-had she herself withheld it. But we are not occupied with these things. We have been occupied with showing why the piece has succeeded. Too much, it seems to us, has been made of a dubious moral: too little of a construction of undeniable power.

As a whole, the acting is adequate; and good acting is demanded. Those who know Miss Ada

Cavendish's method of play will hardly need to be told that she is best of all in the finesse of comedy, good in the strongest situations of melodrama, and much less satisfactory in passages which an actress of pure pathos might have made veritably pathetic. Of course she has studied the character carefully-small praise to an actress who means to be an artist, for doing only thatand the result of her study is the composition of a stage figure which is generally interesting, nearly always effective, and rarely touching. Now and again the stage effectiveness, so tempting, even so fitting to the character, is laid aside, and then Miss Cavendish is not only accomplished, but strong-strong at the angered moment where she defies Grace Roseberry: strong in the scene with Horace, in her expression of feverish anxiety, nervous fear, nervous laughter. As Lady Janet Roy, Miss R. G. le Thière makes a picturesque figure, and plays with thorough comprehension of a character not easy to make attractive, for undoubtedly Lady Janet Roy is more imperious than loveable. Miss K. Rivers is Grace Roseberry. It is not her fault if Grace is hard and forbidding. The actress has realised the novelist's conception, and deserves praise for that. There are only two other characters of importance: the young lover and the Broad Church clergyman. Mr. Leonard Boyne represents the first very well, and Mr. Markby acts the second better than he looks him. The piece, then, is well playedsensibly, intelligently, yet with no fine finish or fine impulse. As these people pass before you, you watch the puzzle out, hardly touched by any one's fortunes, but interested in all.

FREDERICK WEDMORE.

The Lady of Lyons, which was performed at last Saturday's matinée at the Gaiety, will be repeated at the same place to-day. Every one was glad to see Mr. and Mrs. Kendal on the London stage again, though a more sympathetic part than that of Pauline might have been wished for the

actress.

The Two Roses has come at a quick pace to its A few weeks since it end at the Vaudeville. seemed immortal, there; but now it is gone, and its place to-night will be filled by Mr. Byron's new comedy.

ONE pantomime has disappeared already—that at the Holborn Amphitheatre, where Cinderella has been withdrawn, and the classic Madame Angot come to the rescue.

ON Thursday evening-too late for any notice in our columns this week-a new comedietta was to be brought out at the Court Theatre; Miss Marie Litton playing the principal part.

FOR One melodrama the Adelphi has substituted another. A Prayer in the Storm is succeeded by A Dream at Sea. The author does not count for much in these pieces, where the scene-painter and machinist are persons of importance. Mr. James Fernandez, Miss Hudspeth, and Miss Stuart are among the chief performers in the melodrama now performing.

MDLLE. MANETTI plays Clairette in La Fille de Madame Angot at the Philharmonic, and Lange is played by Miss Katrine Monroe, who played it last at the Gaiety. The performance is in no way a remarkable one, but may draw people during a few weeks of the holidays.

THE last performances of Two Orphans are taking place at the Olympic, where Mr. Albery's new comedy is ready to succeed the famous melodrama.

CHARLES SELBY's funny little piece, called Drawing the Line, is brightly played at the Charing Cross Theatre, before Mr. Wilkie Collins's drama, which is noticed duly in another place. Mr. Macklin, Mr. Charlton, Miss Edith Lynd, and Miss Burney are the performers of the farce.

M. PIERRE BERTON, it is stated, has been offered by the new manager of the Paris Vaudeville an engagement sufficiently brilliant to induce him to leave the Théâtre Français. A good thing, this, for the frequenters of the Vaudeville, who will thus see one of the best young leading actors on the Paris stage. During his stay at the Français, Pierre Berton's light has been under a bushel. They have given him bad parts and unsuitable parts to play, and no one has gained thereby. At the Vaudeville, where no long-established rights of other people will block his way, we may expect more than a repetition of the success which he obtained at the Odéon. His performances at the "second Théâtre Français," in Le Bâtard, in L'Autre of George Sand, and Le Rendezvous of François Coppée, will always afford pleasant recollections to those who witnessed them.

COMMERCIALLY, the year at the Théâtre Français has been one of the utmost prosperity. The receipts have never been as great as in the twelvemonth just passed. But when it is remembered that the sensational performance of the Sphinx contributed as much as anything to the financial success, the result will not seem to be one so very worthy of congratulation. Latterly Le DemiMonde, accepted by all Paris critics as the master work of Dumas, has maintained the receipts of the theatre at a high level. The Chaine, of Scribe, has been less popular, and the revival of Phèdre was undertaken with an intention purely artistic. GEORGE SAND'S Marquis de Villemer-her best contribution to dramatic literature-was performed at the Gaité matinée last Sunday; Porel, Talien, Léonide Leblanc and Blanche Baretta, of the Odéon, taking the principal parts.

La Vie Infernale, a drama by Georges Richard, from a romance of Gaboriau's, has been produced with fair success at the Théâtre de Cluny.

THE Débats devotes a good deal of space to the discussion of the prospects and position of a very important Paris theatre-the Vaudeville-which hopes by the appointment of a new manager to have seen the last of its bad days. "It has passed," says the Débats, into new hands." "La tâche est lourde, mais ni l'intelligence ni le courage ne manquent aux hommes qui l'ont acceptée. Ils auront tout d'abord à lutter contre des difficultés de toute nature, car ils prennent possession d'une maison en quelque sorte démeublée, où tout manque. La désorganisation est complète: pas de répertoire, pas de troupe, au sens vrai du mot, et avec cela le préjuge défavorable qui s'attache à un théâtre 'enguignonné' depuis longtemps, si l'on peut employer ce mot. Les choses ne sont pour tant pas désespérées, et l'on a vu des malades revenir de plus loin. Le Vaudeville a un passé glorieux, et son nom seul évoque les plus brillans Souvenirs. Que d'auteurs et d'acteurs célèbres ont fait son illustration! Il a toujours compté au premier rang parmi nos scènes de genre nécessaires, et un tel théâtre ne saurait disparaître."

SPEAKING of the dramatic year just passed in Paris, M. Caraguel, who seems above the consideration of popular successes, says: "The theatrical year just dead has not been marked by any memorable event. Things have followed their accustomed train. New works have been numerous, but none has risen above an honest mediocrity."

MUSIC.

MONDAY POPULAR CONCERTS.

THOUGH the first concert since Christmas, which took place last Monday, offered no absolute novelty in the instrumental portion of the programme, it was noteworthy for the first appearance at these entertainments of one of the best pianists now before the public-Mdlle. Marie Krebs. To her, therefore, the place of honour should be given in this notice. Mdlle. Krebs is a pleasing, though unfortunately not very common, example of a wonderful child who has developed into a still

more wonderful young woman. In the case of infant prodigies there is always more or less reason to dread the fate of the immortal Mr. Toots, and to fear that a remarkable gifted childhood may be followed by a, to put it mildly, very commonplace maturity. Happily, however, both for Mdlle. Krebs and for our musical public, she has proved an exception to the too frequent rule. With years, her intellect as well as her fingers have developed; and she has come back to us now no longer a remarkable child, but a finished artist. She paid a visit to this country last season, after the conclusion of the Monday Popular Concerts, which accounts for the fact of the present being her first appearance there. She selected for her solo Bach's Prelude and Fugue in A minor, entitled in the programme "Alla Tarantella." It would be interesting to know by whom this title was given; it is certainly not due to Bach himself; it is indeed doubtful whether in his time the old dance, which was originally in common time, had assumed its modern form and rhythm at all. Some modern editor has probably re-christened it because the subject happens to be in triplets; but there are several other of Bach's fugues which might just as correctly bear the same name. Apart, however, altogether from this point, the fugue is one of the old master's finest and most genial works, and the prelude which precedes it is perhaps even more beautiful. Both are excessively difficult; but Malle. Krebs has arrived at that enviable

stage of proficiency in which no such thing as difficulty any longer exists for her. Of her performance on Monday it is simply impossible to speak too highly.

The distinctness of

It pos

her passages and the clearness of her phrasing the first requisites in Bach's music-were absolutely perfect; nor with all this mechanical accuracy was there, as sometimes happens, any hardness or frigidity. The expression was all that could be desired; and the effect upon the audience of her truly marvellous performance was so great that nothing less than three recalls would satisfy Herr Straus and Signor Piatti), Mdlle. Krebs them. In Beethoven's great trio in B flat (with showed her competency as an exponent of concerted music; while the concluding number in the programme, Schubert's Fantasia in C, Op. 159, was another piece of wonderful execution. This very fine work is one of the few by its composer the date of which is unknown. From the internal evidence of style, one would be inclined to class it among Schubert's later works. sesses the same breadth of development, boldness of modulation, and melodic charm as the Rondo in B minor (also for piano and violin) or the two pianoforte trios, all of which works were produced in the last years of their composer's life. Owing to the great demands it makes on both players, it is but seldom heard in public; such a performance, Herr Straus was a genuine treat to the Monday therefore, as it received from Mdlle. Krebs and Popular audience. The opening number of the programme was Mendelssohn's early quintet in A, a truly remarkable work for a lad of seventeen, but showing occasionally (a very rare thing with Mendelssohn), some tendency to diffuseness. Notwithstanding this, the charm of the subjects and the skill with which they are treated is so great that the work will always be heard with interest. It was performed by Messrs. Straus, L. Ries, Zerbini, Burnett and Piatti; and though Herr Straus seemed not altogether at his ease (being apparently troubled with a refractory "first string "), the rendering was an excellent one. The vocalist was Miss Edith Wynne, and Mr. Zerbini conducted.

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Next Monday will be "Mendelssohn night," when Mdme. Norman-Neruda is announced as leader, and Miss Agnes Zimmermann as pianist.

EBENEZER PROUT.

THE Crystal Palace Saturday Concerts will be resumed this afternoon, after the usual Christmas recess. From what we learn of the projected

arrangements, there is every reason to expect that the remaining concerts of the season will be fully equal in interest and instructiveness to those that have already taken place.

commenced on Thursday next, the 21st-not on THE Royal Albert Hall Concerts are to be rethe 19th, as originally proposed, and announced

in our columns last week. At the first concert

the great violinist Herr August Wilhelm will make his first appearance for several years in this country. The event will be one of interest, as Herr Wilhelmj is ranked by many German musical critics as equal, and by some as even superior, to Joachim.

THE last number of the Revue et Gazette Musicale de Paris contains a long article from the pen of M. Adolphe Jullien on the opening of the New Opera House. The critic very justly blames the management for giving a series of selections instead of some representative work. He says that they "transformed into a gala evening worthy of being offered to the Shah of Persia this solemn inauguration, which might have been a sort of musical festival, and of homage offered to the masters of genius who have for two centuries adorned the French opera." He adds that "the inauguration of the Opera, as it took place, has appeared to deny the musical history of France, and to ignore the glorious part played by our country in the development of dramatic music." He nevertheless speaks with high praise of the débutante, Malle. Krauss, who in two acts of La Juive showed the possession of great dramatic and lyric power.

Ir is interesting to note how German music seems at length to be making its way in France. At the last concert of the Conservatoire, three movements from the "Credo" of Bach's great Mass in B minor were included in the programme; while at M. Pasdeloup's popular concert on the same day, Brahms's Serenade in D was to be produced for the first time. Last Thursday the Messiah was announced, under the direction of M. Lamoureux, our excellent artist, Mdme. Patey, being engaged for the contralto music.

WEBER'S Oberon has just been produced for the first time at Bordeaux, with great success.

A FRENCH Opéra Comique company has been performing with considerable success at Singapore.

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