purposes) to the construction and repairs of public roads leading to each place of pilgrimage, or to other purposes connected therewith, such as bridges and places of accommo"dation for travellers, whilst it is manifestly

a legitimate use of the tax as conducing to "the convenience of those from whom it is “levied, must also prove beneficial and accep"table to the community." If all the money thus strictly exacted were expended in maintaining the pomp of the idol, and facilitating access to his temple, the transaction would be indecent and impolitic. But we are without even that excuse at other places to which pilgrims resort. At Jagannath the net produce of the tax is a trifle; but, at Gya and Allahabad together, it is two lacs and a half of rupees.* They cannot be expended on roads leading to Gya and Allahabad, nor have the Court of Directors ordered any such appropriation. At Allahabad, the object of attraction is not an idol, lodged in an extensive temple requiring annual repairs and a numerous establishment, but merely the confluence of the Ganges and

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* The British Government does not disdain to collect a pittance of about Rs. 6500 from pilgrims to three places in the Moradabad district and Etawah.

Jumna, where a barrier is erected which none are permitted to pass who have not purchased a license for that purpose.

When the progress of colonization shall have given a new impulse to the diffusion of true knowledge and sound religion, and inspired a sense of stability into Government, these errors, together with the apologies now offered for them, will disappear and be forgotten; and the words Hindoo and Mahomedan, instead of being a rallying cry for nations, will in time become the designations of tolerated but neglected and declining superstitions. In pursuing such a course we shall be animated by the purest motives, and cheered by the visible growth of prosperity and happiness.

APPENDIX.

THE following paper exhibits a curious attempt to extract some benefit from the agricultural operations of a few English gentlemen in the cultivation of a single article, coffee, without the relinquishment of any of the restrictions which render colonization impossible. It is a highly interesting document. Every line of it affords matter for observation, Paragraphs 5, 6, 17, 18, 19, 21, are particularly deserving of the reader's attention. It is a RESOLUTION by the Governor General in Council, dated 7th May, 1824, not a formally enacted and promulgated REGULATION.

"Resolution.

"Revenue.-As far as a judgement can in such a case be formed, until trial be made, there appears to be abundant reason to conclude that the cultivation of coffee may be successfully prosecuted in this country on an extensive scale, and that the article may indeed be produced at a cost considerably below that which

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the lowest prices hitherto known in the market would amply reimburse: while, at the same time, there is scarcely any thing of which the consumption is likely to experience so large an augmentation in the event of any material reduction of price.

"2.--The extension of the export trade of India is an object of the highest importance both to England and to India; and the introduction of a new branch of trade, such as that in question may eventually become, would be a great national benefit. The speculation appears, therefore, to be one which is in a high degree worthy of the support of Government. From the nature of the case, it is indispensably necessary that those who undertake it should have an assured tenure in the lands appropriated to the cultivation for a considerable period of time. And, although it is to be expected and desired that the natives will before long enter on the speculation, and be guided by the example set to them in the conduct of it, yet to its early and successful introduction on a large scale it appears to be essentially requisite to allow scope to European enterprise and intelligence.

"3. The land required in each case will, it is probable, admit of easy demarcation, although, in the lower parts of Bengal at least, it may not be found practicable to procure a sufficient extent of suitable ground without some intermixture of land applicable only to other purposes. And his Lordship in Council would hope that little difficulty will be experienced in proceeding for the satisfactory adjustment of all claims and the effectual protection of all rights attaching to land to be used in the cultivation of coffee or other