LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. PROF. JEFFRIES WYMAN, M.D., A.A.S. PROF. G. C. SHATTUCK, M.D. PROF. H. W. TORREY. PROF. E. N. HORSFORD, A.A.S. Lawrence Scientific School. DR. CONVERSE FRANCIS, Divinity School. JOHN W. FRANCIS, M.D., LL.D., &c. WOLCOTT GIBBS, M.D., Prof. Chem. New York Free Academy. J. W. DRAPER, M.D., LL.D. REV. H. W. BELLOWS, D.D. HON. GEORGE BANCROFT, LL.D., D.C.L., &c. HON. HORACE GREELEY. EDWARD L. YOUMANS, M.D. REV. HENRY WARD BEECHER. GEORGE W. CURTIS, Esq. REV. SAMUEL OSGOOD, D.D. JOHN H. GRISCOM, M.D. CHARLES A. DANA, ESQ. REV. R. S. STORRS, D.D. COUNT A. DE GUROWSKI. PROF. CHARLES DAVIES, LL.D. Columbia College. REV. E. H. CHAPIN, D.D., LL.D. PARKE GODWIN, Esq. New York City. PROF. JOHN TORREY, M.D., U. S. Assay Office. RICHARD H. MANNING, Esq. DR. FRANCIS LIEBER, LL.D. Columbia College. CHARLES B. NORTON, Esq. MERCANTILE LIBRARY. HON. W. H. SEWARD, LL.D. JOHN A. GRAY, M.D. State Asylum. PROF. HICKOK, D.D. Union College. Auburn, N. Y. PROF. W. M. GILLESPIE, LL.D., A.A.S., &c. Union College. PROF. B. SILLIMAN, JR., M.D. HENRY C. CAREY, LL.D. 8. W. JOHNSON, Prof. Chem. Yale Scientific School. REV. DR. W. H. FURNESS, D.D. PROF. ALPHEUS CROSBY, Dartmouth College. PROF. JOSEPH LECONTE, M.D. DR. T. P. SHEPARD. PROF. J. H. SEELYE, Amherst College. PROF. WILSON, M.D., Canadian Institute. PROF. JOSEPH HENRY. LL.D., Smithsonian Institution. Washington. Toronto, C. W. Eagleswood, N. J. EDGAR COWAN, Esq. FRANK TAYLOR, M.D. Greensburg, Pa. Westchester, Pa. CHANCELLOR TAPPAN, D.D., LL.D., Mich. University. Michigan. REV. T. STARR KING. REV. W. CONWAY. GEORGE H. CALVERT, Esq. PROF. S. A. NORTON. JAMES 8. WADSWORTH, Esq. SALEM ATHENEUM. HON. GEORGE P. MARSH. JOHN F. GRAY, M.D. REV. A. P. PEABODY, D.D. WILLIAM WHITING, Esq. J. O. STONE, M.D. VALENTINE MOTT, M.D., LL.D., &c. REV. AUGUSTUS WOODBURY. EDMUND TWEEDY, Esq. REV. C. W. TOMLINSON. W. M. HUNT, Esq. REV. JOHN WEISS. S. URBINO, Esq. REV. EDWARD J. YOUNG. HON. GEORGE FOLSOM. PROF. JOHN A. PORTER, Yale Scientific School, HON. MILLARD FILLMORE. PROF. LEVI REUBEN. EDUCATION: INTELLECTUAL, MORAL, AND PHYSICAL. BY HERBERT SPENCER, AUTHOR OF "SOCIAL STATICS," "THE PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOLOGY," AND NEW YORK: D. APPLETON AND COMPANY, 443 & 445 BROADWAY. 1864. Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1860, by D. APPLETON & CO., In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York. PUBLISHERS' PREFACE. THE Publishers take pleasure in offering to the American public the present work on Education, by an author who is eminent among the pioneer thinkers of the age. They believe no work has hitherto appeared which treats the various phases of the subject with equal discrimination and power. Mr. Spencer's researches into the science of life and laws of mental development, have peculiarly fitted him for the discussion of educational questions, for it is the results of such inquiries which lie at the foundation of the art of teaching. The body and the mind, the intellectual and the emotional powers, grow. The course of nature from the germ to the matured organism is through advancing complexity; how then can the best training be secured unless the order of unfolding, and the laws and conditions of growth be understood? The future of educational progress must depend largely upon such |