reading the major portion of the manuscript, and in offering valued criticism. Dr. Tansill's suggestions relative to bibliography have been particularly helpful.

Purdue University,

May 14, 1927.

LOUIS MARTIN SEARS.

CHAPTER

CONTENTS

I THE COLONIAL PERIOD

Mercantilism-Pioneers of Empire-New Forces

Enter-Commercial Restrictions Under the Later

Stuarts-Eighteenth Century Wars-George III

and His Policies-Conflicting Theories of Empire

-Revolution Approaching

II THE REVOLUTION

The Foreign Policy of Louis XVI-Spain Is

Sounded-The French Alliance-The_Netherlands

-St. Eustatius in the War-Peace Preliminaries

-The Peace of 1783-The Ethics of the Peace

Negotiation-America's Lone Hand

III DIVIDED WE FALL

Treaty Violations-Early Ministers Abroad-The

Frontier as a Factor in Diplomacy-The Barbary

States.

PAGE

I

20

38

IV THE NEW NATION

55

The Nootka Sound Incident-Neutrality-The Mis-

sion of Genêt-The Jay Treaty-Monroe in France.

-The Treaty of San Lorenzo

V THE FIRST ALLIANCE TERMINATES

78

The X.Y.Z. Affair-The War of 1798-The Presi-

dent Cleans House

92

IIO

VI LOUISIANA, THE CONQUEST OF A PACIFIST

Napoleon and Santo Domingo-Negotiations and

Their Motives-West Florida a Corollary-Shift-

ing Policies in England

VII PEACE HATH HER VICTORIES

Growing Embarrassments-Monroe and Pinkney-

The Chesapeake Affair-The Embargo

VIII WAR ACCEPTS NO SUBSTITUTES

British Overtures-Napoleonic Subterfuges-Pink-

ney Quits London-New Hope in Russia-Foster

and Serurier-The West Decides

IX PEACE AT ANY PRICE

Peace Preliminaries-The Negotiations at Ghent-

Further Settlements-The Boundaries

132

152

CHAPTER

X THE MONROE DOCTRINE

Florida Secured-Relations with Russia-Problems

in South America-Preliminary to the Message-

The Doctrine and Its Meaning-The Panama Con-

gress, 1826-Early Obstacles to Pan-Americanism

XI JACKSON AND VAN BUREN

Unexpected Moderation-The West Indies-Fric-

tion with France-John Randolph of Roanoke and

the Russian Mission-A Tempest in a Teapot-

Mexico and Texas-Jackson's Legacy to Van Buren

-America's Neutrality Is Menaced

PAGE

168

189

XII GREAT SECRETARIES AND MINOR PRESIDENTS 213

Diplomacy and the Courts-Problems of the Slave

Trade The Webster-Ashburton Treaty-The Ad-

mission of Texas-Far Eastern Beginnings

XIII THE POLK ADMINISTRATION

The Slidell Mission-The Trist Mission-Oregon

-Central America

XIV WIDENING CONTACTS.

Canal Beginnings-The Clayton-Bulwer Treaty-

The Eagle Screams-Cuba Coveted-The Black

Warrior Affair-The Ostend Manifesto-The

Gadsden Treaty-Central America in Ferment-

Reciprocity with Canada-The Opening of Japan

XV THE IMPENDING CRISIS

An Old Issue Settled-Latin-American Policies of

Buchanan Townsend Harris in Japan-Humphrey

Marshall and His Successors-A New Cordiality

Toward England

William H. Seward-Charles Francis Adams and

His Mission-Seward and Napoleon III-The

Trent Affair-Confederate Diplomacy-Russia and

the Civil War-Law and Economic Forces Under-

lying Diplomacy

235

253

286

307

331

XVII DIPLOMACY LEADS RECONSTRUCTION

The Purchase of Alaska-Seward and the Orient

-Neutrality Preserved-Problems of Imperialism

-Grant, Fish and Sumner-The Treaty of Wash-

ington and the Geneva Award

XVIII A NEW CONCEPTION OF THE NATION'S HONOR 357

The Virginius Affair-A Diplomatic Scandal-

Chinese Immigration-Mexico in Ferment-Safe-

guarding Panama

XIX A PERIOD OF ROUTINE

Blaine and Latin-America-The Opening of Korea

-The Democrats Return-Canadian Relations-

Naturalization Problems-The Fisheries-Samoa

374

CHAPTER

XX HARRISON AND BLAINE

Diplomacy Made Practical-Pan-Americanism-

The Big Stick Threatens Chile-A Vigorous Policy

in Haiti-Relations with Italy Are Ruptured-The

Fur Seal Controversy

XXI VENEZUELA AND OTHER PROBLEMS

Hawaii-Insurrection in Brazil-Minor Issues-The

First Venezuela Incident

XXII THE TRIUMPH OF IMPERIALISM

PAGE

398

414

433

The Cuban Crisis-War with Spain-The New

Imperialism-The Hay-Pauncefote Treaty: First

Stage The Open Door-The Platt Amendment

XXIII THEODORE ROOSEVELT: THE FIRST TERM

The Hay-Pauncefote Treaty: Success-The Second

Venezuela Incident-Winning Panama-The Bound-

ary of Alaska-The Boxer Uprising-Intervention

in Latin-America-The Hague Conference of 1899

-Arbitration

455

XXIV A NEW GIANT IN THE WORLD

478

Mediation Between Russia and Japan-Roosevelt

and the Moroccan Crisis-The Second Conference
at The Hague-Relations with Japan

XXV THE Dollar as a DIPLOMAT

493

XXVI

Reciprocity with Canada-Mexico in Revolution-

The Monroe Doctrine: A New Phase-The Pan-

ama Canal Tolls

Imperialism Checked-The Arbitration Treaties-

The New Liberalism-Neutrality-The Champion-

ship of Neutral Rights-The Lusitania Notes-

Wilson Moves for Peace-War

XXVII THE WORLD WAR

511

536

Wilson and Pope Benedict-Idealism Compro-

mised-The Fourteen Points-Making the Peace-

What Happened to the Treaty-The New Congress

and the Treaty

XXVIII NORMALCY ONCE MORE

563

Liberal Tendencies-The Washington Conference-
Relations with Bolshevik Russia-Coolidge and the
Harding Policies-The Dawes Agreement