Swell to great manual | Great manual to pedals Choir manual to pedals Swell manual to pedals. ST. MARK'S ORGAN, Hamilton-terrace. -Built by Messrs. Gray and Davison, Cremona, with clara- 1847. Three rows of keys; great and choir organs, CC to F in alt.; swell tenor, C to F, the keys below acting on bass of the choir organ.

Open diapason

Open diapason

Fifteenth
Sesquialtra

Stopped diapason, with Mixture

clarabella tube

Principal

Trumpet
Clarion.

Twelfth

CHOIR ORGAN.

Open diapason

Fifteenth

Dulciana

Stopped diapason

Principal

SWELL FROM GAMUT G TO F.

Flute

bella tube Bassoon bass.

Cornet
Horn

posely left without its outer case to same time. It contains 58 stops, among show the visitors its interior mecha- which is Mr. Hill's great reed stop of nism, which is certainly very beautiful. astonishing power, the Tuba mirabilis, Considering its size, the organ tells with so that the instrument may be justly surprising effect. ranked with first-class organs. The DESCRIPTION OF THE ORGAN PLACED performances, which take place on that IN THE EAST GALLERY AT THE EXHIBI- instrument daily at 2 p.m. and 8 p.m., TION OF ALL NATIONS, LONDON.-EX-are of a very creditable character, the hibited by J. F. Schulze, Paulinzelee, organ-music being varied by good vocal near Erfurt.*

GREAT ORGAN.

Open diapason, 8'.

Double diapason

(wood), 16'.

Bass-viol, 8'.

Hollow flute, 8'.

CHOIR

Violin open diapason,
8'.
Stopped flute, of sweet
intonation, 16'.

Trumpet, 8'.

ORGAN.

Ditto ditto, 8'.
German flute, 8'.
Ditto, 4'.
Diapason, 4'.

PEDAL.

Octave bass, 8.' Posaune (trombone) 16'. Sub-bass, 16', taken from the double diapason, 16'.

Violin (double-bass)8',
principal, 8'.
Flute bass, 8',
the
hollow flute, 8'.

This instrument will be found to be quite a curiosity—with the roughest of

performances; rendering this one of the most pleasing musical entertainments Stopt diapason (wood), the metropolis affords.-Admission 1s. 8'. PIANOFORTES, &c.--The most popular Principal, 4'. instrument in London, that in most Mixture, 5 ranks, 2 ft. general use, is the pianoforte. It is now found in every respectable family; and is an improvement on the old harpsi chord and spinnet. The Messrs. Broadwood were the great improvers of this instrument; they long stood alone and unrivalled as manufacturers; and their pianos are considered now equal to any that are made. Other firms, noted for the manufacture of this instrument, are those of Messrs. Erard, Stoddart, and Collard and Collard. The instruments of the latter are excellent in tone, and will stand for a long time; but why we menmechanism it combines much sweetness of tone and considerable power. tion them in this work is, that they have THE APOLLONICON, Royal Music Hall, just introduced a great improvement— Adelaide-street, Strand. This wonderful what may be termed "a piano for the instrument has for many years been a people." Equal to the others in its musical prominent feature among the objects of qualities, it is constructed of cheaper materials. The case is made of Norwegian originally built by Messrs. Flight and pine, a hard white wood, which, when Robson, and was so constructed that, French-polished, resembles the most besides having several separate key expensive satin wood in the purity and boards for various performers, it condelicacy of effect. It has the full comtained a series of very elaborate me- pass of six-and-three-quarter octaves, chanism, producing a performance of the improved single action, and all the many of the first overtures, &c., with advantages of construction usually solo parts, light and shade, resembling adopted. This firm sent in five pianofortes, of superior construction, to closely the effect of a complete orOne of them is a very chestra. The mechanical portion, how- the Exhibition. ever, of this instrument, is not used elegant grand, of seven octaves, in very choice mottled oak, richly carved and now, but considerable improvements have been recently effected in the gilt in the style of Louis Quinze. This arrangement of the key-boards, so that instrument is valued at 500 guineas. six different performers may play at the The others are a cabinet, a semi-grand, and two semi-cottage, or Microchordon." All are elegant in appearance; the latter, specimens of an excellent

musical interest in London. It was

* The names of the stops are in German, the above are the nearest English Equivalents.

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instrument at a low price. Messrs. the utmost delicacy: indeed, so true Broadwood and Erard have also some and sensitive is the action, that, by the excellent instruments in the Exhibition. mere trembling of the fingers of the Messrs. Luffs' patent Harmonicon is performer upon the keys, similar effects also a great improvement of the piano- may be obtained from the piano to those forte. It combines the portability and produced by the voice of an accomcomparative low price of that instrument plished singer, or by the violinist on with the power and majesty of the organ. sustained notes, viz., the tremolo, crescendo, It is made like the organ, with each and diminuendo. It is impossible to stop producing the exact tone of the repeat the notes too rapidly. The meflute, clarionet, octave, hautboy, cornet, chanism appears also very strong in its bourdon, clarion, and bassoon; and construction, and less likely to get out the effects are extraordinary; the player, of order than the actions at present in at will, can one moment produce the use; we therefore believe it to be an sweetest melody, and in the next the exceedingly valuable improvement, and power of the full band. It occupies one that will be readily appreciated by less space than a cottage pianoforte. all good pianists. The first instrument -Mr. Addison's transposing pianoforte made upon this principle appeared at is also another useful variation in this the Great Exhibition. The name given instrument. Other improvements on to the invention by the patentees is the piano are those of Messrs. Hopkinson, "Hopkinsons' patent Repetition and of 18 Soho-square, who have just pa- Tremolo action.' tented a new action for that instrument, No doubt our visitors, as well as our which adds greatly to the power and London friends, will feel interest in certainty of the touch, combined with these advances in musical science.

CHAPTER XVI.

PARKS, SQUARES, AND GARDENS.

AMONGST the most beautiful features | Through the Green-park, by Piccadilly; of London are its parks. They have, not inaptly, been termed "the lungs of the metropolis; and, doubtless, they contribute greatly to the free current and circulation of that air, which, if we have it not, we die. Alike the resort of all classes of society, they have charms for all. Volumes might be written about them, but we must confine ourselves to a brief description of the peculiar features of each. We will commence with

ST. JAMES'S PARK, including the GREEN PARK.-This is one of the oldest of the metropolitan parks, having been first formed by Henry VIII. Access to it can be had in various directions.

by the steps in Carlton Gardens, in front of the Duke of York's Column, at the bottom of Waterloo-place (given by Will. IV.); from Spring-gardens, by Storey's Gate, at the end of what is called the Bird-cage Walk; and by the archway, in Whitehall, under the Horse Guards. No carriages can, however, pass by the latter entrance, except those of the royal family, or of other persons who have leave. One of the most pleasant modes of obtaining access to St. James's is through the Green-park, by the gate opposite Hamilton-place, on the west side of Piccadilly. This park is separated from St. James's by the walk called the Mall, and is an open

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This

area of 56 acres. It was much larger, centre being beautifully laid out in but George III. took some portion of walks, and seats being provided, whilst the ground to enlarge the gardens of a fine sheet of water, which runs Buckingham Palace, which lie to the through it, is enlivened by the presence S.E. It is calculated to afford great of a variety of aquatic birds, belonging pleasure to the surrounding inhabitants, to the Ornithological Society. from its promenades, and the refreshing park is full of objects of great interest: piece of water on the north side, which here stands the royal town residence of is a basin or reservoir of the Chelsea Her Majesty, Buckingham Palace; also Waterworks. The principal entrance St. James's Palace, where she holds her is by a triumphal arch, erected at the court; Marlborough House, once the west end of Piccadilly, from a design residence of Queen Adelaide; on the by Mr. Decimus Burton. In 1846, a north was once Carlton Palace, now a colossal equestrian statue of the Duke range of beautiful houses, close to which of Wellington, in bronze, by Mr. Wyatt, is the Column raised to the memory of was erected on this arch, by a sub- the late Duke of York, surmounted by a scription, which amounted to 30,000l. bronze figure of his Royal Highness, by Proceeding along the walk, that de- Westmacott. The north side of the park scends close by the spot formerly occu- is called the Mall, a game so called pied by the Ranger's lodge, the visitor having been formerly played there. It has several objects of interest presented is composed of four broad avenues of to his view, as he passes towards St. trees, three of which are appropriated James's-park. The towers of the fine to pedestrians only. One of them conold abbey, the standard of England, ducts to Buckingham Palace, which is floating in the breeze," at the bottom most advantageously seen at the bottom of Constitution-hill, and part of Buck- of the long vista. On the south is Birdkingham Palace, meet his view. He cage Walk; the gravelled space in front must pass on, and turning to the right of the Horse Guards was formerly part hand, by a noble mansion which be- of the Tilt-yard at Whitehall. Leading longs to the Duke of Sutherland, he from Storey's Gate, are some good barenters St. James's-park, an area of 87 racks; also a chapel for the military., acres, but which, like the Green-park, There is a daily parade of the Foot was once much larger, Pall-Mall being Guards, between 10 and 11 o'clock, included within its boundary. It was when, at St. James's Palace, the bands originally formed by Henry VIII., when play for twenty minutes. he built St. James's Palace, was re- There are two great guns opposite planted and ornamented, in the reign the Horse Guards; one is Turkish, of Charles II., by Le Nôtre, a French and was brought from Alexandria; the architect (the King himself planting other a mortar, brought from Cadiz, some acorns from the " Royal Oak," at after the siege in 1812. Boscobel), and greatly improved by Henry VIII. acquired possession of George IV. To the visitor to the Park, the property occupied by the palace entering from Spring Gardens, quite a and the park, in exchange for some rural picture presents itself. Under lands in Suffolk. The Hospital of St.. the trees stand a row of fine cows, with James stood there, which the bluff their attendant milk-women, who now, monarch pulled down, to make room as in the days of Tom Brown, fre- for the "goodly palace" he erected, quently offer the passers-by a can of and its pleasure-grounds. milk. Though the property of the HYDE PARK. We have seen how Crown, great privileges have been Henry VIII. acquired the property granted to the people, rendering it a which he covered with St. James's pleasant resort to the public, the Palace and its parks, by a fair exchange;