JUNE

By OLIVE WILLS

As we near the close of the school the teacher will be thinking of how best to send the children's drawings home. Or do you send them home each lesson or at the end of the month. I wonder if the

a

grade to measure and rule, if the teacher wishes a more finished portfolio than the one here given she would better rule and mark one and have the pupils simply cut to line, but if they would be more independent give to each pupil a paper 13x22 inches. This of a soft gray tone.

Fold to dictation as in Fig I, folding a over as a flap. At bb paste strips 3x10 inches. When pressed and dry fold over on the inside.

Now for the decoration. There are so many possibilities. One to use a 4 inch square of colored pa

Fold a 2 inch square of paper and cut a leaf or flower form. Lay this stencil in place, pin it down, then fill the space with crayon. I would suggest using only one color, for unless you emphasize this little oncs will use such wonderful combinations.

Of course you might dictate a harmony, perhaps a brown and blue, or black and blue, a neutral and one bright color. Yes, you might use paints but it is casier to get a neat piece of work with crayons.

THE KINDERGARTEN IN THE SAN FRANCISCO SURVEY REPORT

More kindergartens are needed in San Francisco, according to the report of the survey of the schools of that city made by the Bureau of Education and published as Bulletin 1917 No. 45. Speaking of the various types of schools organized in San Francisco, the report points out that some of these types are not being expanded rapidly enough to meet the needs of the city's children.

"This is notably true of the kindergarten," says the report. "This department had but 66 pupils enrolled in 1913, 575 in 1915, and 833 in 1916, and 1155 in 1917. Several kindergarten schools are maintained by the Free Kindergarten Association of the city. In 1916 these schools reported 1,760 children enrolled. So the schools are not so much without the influence of the kindergarten spirit in their work as the number of children in the publicschool kindergartens would indicate. Of the children of kindergarten age not more than one in five has the benefit of kindergarten training.

"The board of education of San Francisco ought to make the kindergarten an integral part of the public schools and give to all children in the city between the ages of 4 and 6 opportunities for two years of training in a kindergarten department properly articulated with the primary grades. Through such a policy the kindergartens supported by the various organizations of the city would be gradually absorbed into the public school system.

"The value of kindergarten training in the life of city children and the importance of kindergarten instruction for young children need not be argued here. The fact that there are now enrolled in the public-school kindergartens of the United States nearly half a million children bears eloquent testimony to the belief of many communities that the value of kindergarten instruction is a vital factor in the proper training of little children."

The report recommends that the department of primary grades hereafter be called the "Department of Primary and Kindergarten Instruction," the staff to consist of one director of primary and kindergarten instruction, two supervisors of primary instruction, one supervisor of kindergarten instruction, and one clerk.

The San Francisco survey report treats of many other subjects of interest to kindergartners and grade teachers. There are chapters on school

buildings and grounds, tests and measurements, civic education, music in the public schools, instruction in art, and school-directed home gardening. Copies of the complete report, which is a volume of over six hundred pages, may be obtained from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., price 60 cents.

A MONSTROUS DOCTRINE

The German Militarists believe that "War is the noblest and holiest expression of human activity. For us, too, the glad, great hour of battle will strike. Still and deep in the German heart must live the joy of battle and the longing for it. Let us ridicule to the utmost the old women in breeches who fear war and deplore it as cruel and revolting. No; War is beautiful."

This idea carried out would mean a continuous war until the human race was exterminated, a thought so foolish and so monstrous as to deserve the contempt of every humane person. Surely, when a powerful nation like Germany holds to this idea, nothing short of extermination of that government will ever make the world safe for Democracy.

The German Militarists believe that "might gives right to occupy, to conquer." That might is at once the supreme right and the dispute as to what is right, is decided by the arbitrement of war. This is another insane and barbaric principle, which shows the German government to be absolutely unfit to exist in this present world. If the above theory was practiced by the people as a whole, there could be no such thing as moral strength nor integrity. America is in the war to crush out of existence forever, that Government which seeks to put such monstrous conceptions of human duty into practice.

The German Militarist believe that the world should be constantly at war, and should there be any peace, the time should be used in preparing for another and greater war. Cruelty, insanity and atrocity run wild.

GOVERNMENT AND LIBERTY

If all individual initiative be transferred to the realm of government, we have no opportunity for that individual life which has been the glory of our modern world. If we transfer all the fundamental elements of a well-ordered government over to the realm of liberty, we have national dissolution and political death. The American patriot, keeping his heart open and his mind free from prejudice, seeking friendships everywhere in this world and enmities nowhere, keeping his eye fixed on this line between government and liberty, will ask himself how, as one of the keepers of the democratic conscience, can he act in a given crisis, in the presence of a given problem, before a given issue-how can he act, my friends, so as to protect the aim and ideals of the American Republic?-Nicholas Murray Butler.

We are indebted to M. Pascoe, No. 9 Third street, Calumet, Mich., for two fine scrap books for the French children. We have sent them on the way.

THE N. E. A. AT PITTSBURG

THE GREATEST MEETING IN THE HISTORY OF THE ORGANIZATION IS EXPECTED—JUNE 30-JULY 6.

A Brief Summary of the General Sessions so far as Arranged For

The Council will hold its first session Saturday, June 29th, and continues its meetings Monday afternoon, July 1st.

Educational Sunday will be observed in the usual way. Departmental programs, and the programs of allied associations, are exceptionally strong this year. All pay more or less attention to the problems of readjusting education, to meet new conditions.

The general program opens Monday afternoon, with addresses of welcome and response. An address on Building the New Civilization, by Mary C. C. Bradford, President of the N. E A., and an address on The New Program, will lay the foundation for the work of the sessions which follow.

Monday evening, July 1, representatives of foreign governments will give the European viewpoint of readjustment in education. France, England, and Italy will send representatives at the expense of their governments. On Tuesday afternoon, July 2, American educators and Mr. A. E. Vanderlip, will discuss phases of thrift and national service. The program for Tuesday evening, July 2, is built around the idea of democracy in education. The Council of National Defense has appointed one of its members, James A. B. Scherer to discuss The War's Challenge to Democracy. Secre tary Lane, of the Department of the Interior, will present America's Experience in Democracy.

The program for Wednesday afternoon, July 3, consists of short addresses by the members of the N. E. A. Commission, on the Readjustment of Education, on phases of the work of the Commission. The following are on this program: W. C. Bagley, Thomas E. Finegan, Lotus D. Coffman, Payson Smith, C. G. Pearse, J. A. C. Chandler, and George D. Strayer. Both Secretary Redfield, of the Department of Commerce, and Secretary Lansing, of the Department of State, are on this program for Wednesday evening, July 3.

On Thursday forenoon, July 4, the program will consist of short addresses by President Burton, of Minnesota University, and other educators, closing with an address by Governor Brumbaugh, of Pennsylvania.

The program for Thursday evening will consist of patriotic addresses by Dr. G. Stanley Hall, and two prominent men, whose names cannot with certainty be announced at this time.

The program for Friday forenoon, July 5, will consist of addresses by leading educators, on vital topics, closing with an address by Dr. Joseph Swain, on the subject: Our Profession Shall Not Go Into Bankruptcy, which forms a part of his report on teachers' salaries. The closing session, Friday afternoon, July 5, presents one of the very strong programs of the week.

War

The speakers are, W. R. Siders, Cora Wilson Steward, Hilda Mulhauser Richards, Samuel Gompers, and A. E. Winship. Mr. Gompers is to speak on Modified Education, Labor and Democracy, and Dr. Winship closes the session and the meetings of the week, with an address on War Modified Education, and the Rise of the Common Life Thru It.

AN APPEAL FOR THE CHILDREN OF FRANCE Miss Fanniebelle Curtis, of New York, Sends out the Following Appeal to Kindergartners and Others

Dear Fellow Kindergartners and other Friends of the Children of the World:

With the approval of Miss Stella Louise Wood, President of the International Kindergarten Union, I am enclosing a special message with these circulars.

In all nations the children are the second line of defense, and to us is given the opportunity to help the Children's Bureau of the American Red Cross in France, to hold the second line of defense.

The country that does not suffer from invasion can never know the supreme sacrifice of war.

We have infinite resources in America to keep our Nation's children safe and secure, and that duty we shall never forget. The very safety of our children here leads us to present to you the story of the accumulated misery of the little children of France and Belgium. They have been in gassed regions, they have been lost on the fields of Flanders, they have fled from their burning villages, they have been actual prisoners with the civilian population back of the enemie's lines. When I can see you face to face at one of our meetings, I shall try to tell you what it means in the life of a little child, to be a prisoner under German dominance.

I have seen these child refugees coming in at Evianles-bains, in France, at the rate of five hundred a day. It is a tragedy that has no parallel in the world's history. These children are being placed in colonies, in chateaux, in convents, in convalescent hospitals, until victory with houor is won. They need songs and stories, and the joys of childhood restored; and more than all, they need mothering.

We ask your prayers and your financial support for the work of the Kindergarten Unit "over seas." Every foreign mail brings more pitiful stories. It is childhood's darkest hour.

Make your pledge to-day, so that our great International Kindergarten Union may give relief and blessing to these little children, and, "What thou doest, do quickly, lest the children perish.”

The work the Kindergarten Unit may do, is actually to be measured by our contributions. It is no longer a question of "Doing our Bit"-it is a question of our ability to sacrifice for the sake of children.

Faithfully yours,

(Signed) FANNIEBELLE CURTIS Send contributions to Sec.-Treas.. Kindergarten Unit Fund, 50 Van Buren St., Brooklyn, N. Y., or May Murray, Springfield, Mass.

A Drive for Kindergartens

Congress has recently recognized the educational needs of little children, by making an appropriation to the United States Bureau of Education, to enable it to promote kindergarten education in the several states and territories.

This act is timely, for our people are being rudely awakened to the need of better training for citizenship than our boys and girls are now receiving. They realize the urgent necessity of properly equipping our children for the tremendous tasks they will be called upon to perform after the war is ended.

The council for National Defense says with regard to this subject:

There are nearly 4,000,000 children in the United States, who can not receive the benefits of kindergarten training, either because there are no Kindergartens at all, or not enough.

"Suggestion. Interest yourself in this need of the very little ones, and write to the Bureau of Education, Washington, for their material and that of the National Kindergarten Association, affiliated with the Bureau."

Training for citizenship cannot begin too early, according to the United States Commissioner of Education, who for months has been issuing, in co-operation with the National Kindergarten Association, the series of articles which this paper is printing, to provide better training for little ones in the home.

A drive is now on, to have more kindergartens opened throughout the country, and parents are circulating petitions to present to their Boards of Education. Has such a petition been started for your school? The General Federation of Women's Clubs, the National Congress of Mothers, and Parent Teacher Associations, Suffrage and Labor organizations, are all deeply interested in this subject, and great hopes are entertained that the drive will receive the hearty co-operation of local school authorities throughout the country.

I really did not intend to start with myself, but I do not see how I can avoid it.

My name is Betsy. This, you will say, is nothing very wonderful, and yet it is. Think, if your father, or your brother, or any other man you know, were called Betsy,

am a wonderful

Well, now you will believe that I bird-at least my mother thinks so. I do not mean my real mother, as I do not even remember her. I mean the mother who brought me home in a small basket one Saturday afternoon in June, together with five other chicks.

I remember the day so well, as it was mother's birthday, and we were her birthday present.

Well, she seemed pleased with us, and we-we ale simply delighted. And so would you be, if you had such a kind little mother; and I hope you have.

Now, as we became her chicks, she had to give us names, and I had to learn that my name is Betsy. I did not like it at first, as I thought Alice, Aggie, or any of the others much nicer for a boy, but I have grown into it, and it suits me very well now. She always calls me when she comes into the garden, and I am really the cock of the walk.

At first we lived in a very small kind of a hut, which none of us liked, as we had no room to romp about.

There was a tiny bit of a yard to take our exercise in, and to play in, but it was not at all nice. So you can imagine our joy when, one day mother carried us one by one across a big piece of land--I think she called it a garden--to a most magnificent house. This, she told us, was especially erected for us, as we had been such good children, and had grown so very handsome.

We felt very proud, and I am afraid I am rather vain. But really, all the ladies tell me that I have a very fine red comb, and the most beautiful tail, and in regard to my voice--I can be heard all round the neighborhood. It is superb!

I could hardly sleep this first night in the new house, so I called my "cock-a-doodle-do' at least every hour, like an old watchman. It seemed as if the night would never end, but at last our shutters were taken off the windows, and daylight greeted us. We were quite ready for breakfast, and when we had finished we inspected our house.

It really is lovely! Such a lot of room and everything so beautifully nice and clean. We even have glass windows like those mother has in her own house. The floor is carpeted with cedar wood, which makes it very soft and comfy.

When we had finished our inspection, and Alice, Aggie and the others had also approved of the nests,

we heard mother come. She opened the door, and we were all eager to come out and tell her how much we like the new house. She seemed pleased, too. Then she gave a tid-bit to everyone, and a kind word and love pat, into the bargain. But what did we say when we saw the beautiful run we now had!

It is very long and wide, with plenty of room to romp about. There is a fine old tree which gives us shade, and a dunghill, and plenty of sand to scratch. On one of the branches of the tree, mother hangs some greens which we are allowed to eat if we can reach them. We have to jump for them, which is great fun, and which she calls good exercise for us.

Nobody is allowed to enter our kingdom if mother does not give special permission. She carries the key of the gate, and nearly all her visitors must stay outside, and can only admire us through the green-covered fence. But everybody who comes must come as far as this, and everybody admires us, tho I never hear any other name mentioned but-Betsy.

THE GOLDEN TOWER

A Story for Little Tots to be Read in Class-room. By Miss Brenda E. Holtham

26 Broad St., Lynn, Mass.

A long time ago in a far country across the sea there lived in a beautiful castle surrounded by great gardens, a little boy by the name of Karl. One day, as he lay watching the clouds, beside one of the little lakes with which the gardens abounded, he heard the soft tinkle of a bell close to his ear, and, turning, saw a tiny boat drawn up to the bank, with a queer little man dressed all in yellow standing upon the deck, beckoning to him to come aboard. At first Karl could not believe his eyes, but just lay and stared at the queer old fellow.

"Come and have a sail, Karl," the little man called. "Come, and I'll take you to the Land of the Golden Queen."

At that, Karl scrambled to his feet delightedly, for he had heard his mother tell of the Golden Queen, and he was eager to see her. The little fellow in the yellow trousers took his hand and helped him into the boat, and away they sailed over the shining waters.

Karl asked all sorts of questions, but the boatman said never a word until they came to what looked like a great gold dollar afloat on the water. "The Island of the Golden Queen," called Yellow Trousers, in a very loud voice, as they drew up to the landing. And, thereupon, hundreds of little creatures with gauzy, fluttering wings came dancing down to meet them.

"A Curl of Gold for the Queen's Tower," they cried when they saw Karl. "A Curl of Gold for the Queen." And they all crowded about, and hugged and kissed him, and ran their fingers through his yellow curls.

Poor Karl began to be frightened at so many strange faces, and was just beginning to cry, when suddenly he found himself alone inside wee little

coach, and felt himself being bounced along over a very rocky sort of a road. He poked his head out of the window, and saw that instead of horses, the queer little vehicle was drawn by the winged midgets he had seen on the wharf.

Where were they taking him?

The trees and the woods flew by, and little Karl jounced from side to side on the seat.

"Dear me," said a dry crackling voice, "I never can stand this. We'll be tipped over sure if this keeps up. I shall let the King know of this. Yes,

I shall."

Karl looked around, and there behind him in the corner was a little old woman all doubled up under an umbrella.

"You come over and sit with me, Sonny," she said, "and you won't get so many bumps. Are you going to see the King?"

"No," said Karl, "I guess I'm going to see the Queen. And I'd rather sit here, please."

"Do as you like, do as you like. But I shall let the King hear of this," answered the shrill voice. Suddenly the coach stopped with a terrible lurch. and before Karl knew what he was about, he and the old woman went spinning out of the door and rolling down a long hill.

"Why, here we are, right at the King's door," said the old woman when she had regained her breath, and grabbing Karl by the arm she dragged him up the steps of a large white house, with round windows which looked like huge, pink peppermint drops.

"But I don't want to see the King," said Karl, crying. "I want to see the pretty Queen." "Never mind, never mind. Here we are and here we stay," said the old woman.

And there was the King sitting at a table eating Forridge.

"Put this old woman out, and give the little boy a spoon to help me eat my porridge," said the King to his servant.

Karl was glad to hear that, for he was hungry, and, besides, he did not like his companion. He had not taken two mouthfuls of the porridge, however, when he began to feel very sleepy, and the next thing he knew the winged midgets were all about him again.

"We've got his curls! We've got his curls!" they cried. "A Curl for the Queen's Tower! We've got it!"

And Karl felt of his head, and all his pretty golden curls were gone.

What would his mother say?

And, after this. how could she ever kiss each lock goodnight as she tucked him into bed!