cational Association, and there is no organization that comes to our city for its conventions that has an end and purpose so high and important as your convention has.

Christian education is the basis of Christian civilization. Christian education is dear to the Church as the apple of the eye. An education that does not extend to the whole man is insufficient; an education that extends only to this world is insufficient. Hence the Catholic Church sets much store by Christian education, in order that we may be taught to fulfill all our duties. There is only one true basis of sound education, and that is religion. Separate one from the other and you destroy real education. If you eliminate God from education, our civilization will end in failure.

You do not come here to propose new theories or doctrines, for the Catholic Church has taught one doctrine from the days of Christ, and will teach that doctrine till the end of time. You do not come here to promote one or the other interest, but for the single purpose of making Christian education a living force in the nation. All our teaching is founded on Christ. He came "to do and to teach." It is your mission to continue His work, and He is your model.

I hope that your meetings will be profitable to you and that this convention will mark a new step forward in the great work in which you are spending your lives. The importance of your meeting is enhanced by reason of the fact that His Excellency, the Apostolic Delegate, at great personal inconvenience, is present with us. I wish again to express my pleasure in having you in this city. I give you ten thousand welcomes.

After the address of the Bishop, the papal blessing was given by the Apostolic Delegate.

FIRST GENERAL SESSION

TUESDAY, JULY 5, II A. M.

The convention was called to order by the President General, Rt. Rev. Thomas J. Shahan, D. D., in the College Hall of Detroit College, on Tuesday, July 5, at 11 a. m. Prayer was said. The President General addressed a few remarks to the members.

THE PRESIDENT GENERAL: We open to-day the seventh annual session of the Catholic Educational Association. It began in 1904 as the consolidation of earlier efforts at organization, and has grown with rapidity to its present size. We expect, however, to see it develop to still greater proportions from year to year. Its high purpose, as you know, is to bring together on an equal footing and in an harmonious way all the Catholic educators of this great land. By these regular meetings we come to know one another more intimately than we otherwise would, and to appreciate more fully the nature and extent of the problems that lie before us. It is needless to say that the ultimate purpose of this and similar meetings is the welfare of the Catholic religion in as far as it depends on n us. In every age Catholicism has had grave obstacles, open sources of opposition and suffering In overcoming these obstacles it always develops, like nature itself, both from without and from within. Thus, the age of St. Francis was one long conflict with excessive luxury, wealth and manifold concupiscence. Nevertheless, it exhibits a wonderful development of the fine arts, of poetry, of the more tender sentiments of our nature, of all kinds of social works. It has left us in this respect a legacy which has benefited both the Catholic Church and humanity in general from that day to this.

On

Again, speaking religiously, out of the great conflict of the so-called Reformation period, we find that the Catholic Church gained very much in a positive way. The great reforms of the Council of Trent, the great works of Catholic philosophy and theology, the mighty army of missionaries have remained with us. up to the present time. In the new age, the conflict of Catholicism with its hereditary enemies, the world, the spirit and the flesh, is waged largely on the broad field of education. the soil of France this conflict has been fought out for over one hundred years, from the day when Napoleon organized public education in France on a basis of irreligion, down to our own time, when the Catholic Church is still struggling on the same field. On the other hand, the Catholic Church has developed in this same period an extraordinary resourcefulness in the work of education, and has proved to her enemies that she is able to adapt herself at all times to new and difficult circumstances. It is through education that her best work has been done in the nineteenth century, and this is likely to be true of the twentieth century. By her educational institutions she has remained the permanent guide of Catholic society, and has directed the new generations from decade to decade.

With pardonable pride, we Catholics of the United States can turn to our own educational work in the nineteenth century, and

can maintain that when all has been evenly weighed we have not made less progress than any other part of the Catholic world, but, on the contrary, have in many respects gone ahead, both as individuals and as organizations and institutions. We may say safely that there is to-day scarcely a Catholic community in our land which is not deeply penetrated with the necessity of Catholic education, and which has not made many sacrifices to establish Catholic education on a permanent basis and as systematically as possible.

Now all this has not been without a multitude of efforts, scattered here and there over much territory, but all tending more and more to a systematic and scientific efficiency. We do not claim that this Association is the sole vigorous force making for more thorough organization, but we can truthfully claim that we have done some little in the past and are destined to do more in the future. These meetings bring together our Catholic teachers in ever increasing numbers; they make them acquainted with one another, they give us occasion in the great cities of the United States to make known our spirit, our purpose, our temper, and the means on which we count to accomplish the work that lies before us. Above all, these meetings develop in us a spirit of Christian charity; they stir up or renew and develop in us that Catholic zeal, that heavenly spirit of devotion without which neither education nor charity can possibly take on any notable development.

I have great pleasure in declaring open the Seventh Annual Session of the Catholic Educational Association.

The minutes of the convention of 1909 were approved as printed in the report. The Secretary General summarized the proceedings of regular meetings of the Executive Board.

The President General was authorized to appoint Committees on Nominations and on Resolutions.

It was announced that a cablegram had been sent to the Holy Father on behalf of the Association.

The Treasurer General, Rev. Francis T. Moran, D. D., was requested to give information in regard to the financial condition of the Association.

THE TREASURER GENERAL: During the greater part of our existence, we have experienced difficulty in meeting our expenses. This year we have been somewhat more comfortable. At this

moment there is a respectable balance in the treasury. But the balance is a trifle delusive. Not all of it is ours. There are debts to be paid. It will be noted, too, that the balance has been swelled by the change in method adopted by the College Department, to pay in advance; and from this source alone we have received more than $700. If we add this amount to our debts, which I estimate at $1,000, it will be seen, that computing on the basis of previous years, we have in the treasury only something more than $400. But, perhaps, it is unfair to make a comparison in this way. As a matter of fact, the finances of the Association have progressed with its growth. If, therefore, we make a legitimate deduction of $1,000 for debts, which were left unpaid only because bills must go through a regular course, we will have a net balance of $1,193.00. This is a consummation that has been devoutly wished. Thus far in the history of the Association, it has been found impossible to begin the year with any money in the treasury. We have always had to borrow from the future; have always been in debt. It is distinctly encouraging to start this year with about $1,200 on hand. The work of the organization will be found more pleasant and there are insured better results in the way of annual reports, bulletins and other literature.

We have reached the point, when, as the Secretary General yesterday stated in his report to the Executive Board, little need be said on the subject of finance. Last year in Boston, there was some urging, perhaps just a little too much, but it seemed necessary, in view of past experience. At present this urging would not seem to be quite so necessary, if at all necessary. But it would be a mistake to lay the flattering unction to our souls that dues need, not be paid or that financial support need not be continued. The work of the organization cannot progress without financial support; and as it is planned and hoped always that the advancement so marked since the beginning shall go on uninterruptedly, there must year after year be an increase in the receipts. There is reason, however, to be satisfied with the financial condition as found in the present annual report. We may also congratulate ourselves that the finances of the organization are on a dignified basis. It is the one organization, perhaps, that has been able to go forward without making an appeal to the public

for funds a leading item of consideration at its 'conventions or at any other time. The finances have been subsidiary to the general purpose, the study of Catholic education. It is to be hoped that this creditable record will continue.

A telegram was received from Rt. Rev. Louis S. Walsh, D. D., Bishop of Portland, Maine:

"All good wishes and blessings for the Catholic Educational Association and its work. I am sending the usual amount.

"BISHOP WALSH."

The following message was also received: "The teachers of the diocese of Belleville in convention assembled send greetings to the national body.

"C. SCHAUERTE."

A paper on "The Pastor and Education," was read by Rt. Rev. Thomas J. Shahan, D. D. Discussion followed in which many participated.

The President General appointed the following Committee on Resolutions: Rev. Charles Macksey, S. J: Very Rev. E. J. Walsh, C. M.; Rev. George Rapier, S. M.; Rev. W. J. Shanley, LL. D.; Rev. W. Stehle, O. S. B.

The Committee was requested to have a report for the final meeting of the Association.

The following Committee on Nominations was appointed: Very Rev. Francis P. Havey, S. S.; Rev. Charles B. Moulinier, S. J.; Rev. Joseph F. Smith.

The Committee was requested to report at the general session on Wednesday evening. The meeting then adjourned.

SECOND GENERAL SESSION

WEDNESDAY, JULY 6, 7:30 P. M. A general meeting of the Association was held in the Students' Chapel, Detroit College, for the election of the general officers. The Secretary General opened the meeting with prayer. Rev. James J. Dean, O. S. A., was appointed temporary secretary. Rev. C. B. Moulinier, S. J., of the Committee on Nominations, presented the following names: His Eminence. James Cardinal Gibbons. Honorary President; Rt. Rev. Mgr. T. J. Shahan, D. D.. President General; Very Rev. James A. Burns, C. S. C., First