Abraham Lincoln and the Forge of National Memory

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University of Chicago Press, 2000 - Всего страниц: 367
Abraham Lincoln has long dominated the pantheon of American presidents. From his lavish memorial in Washington and immortalization on Mount Rushmore, one might assume he was a national hero rather than a controversial president who came close to losing his 1864 bid for reelection. In Abraham Lincoln and the Forge of National Memory, Barry Schwartz aims at these contradictions in his study of Lincoln's reputation, from the president's death through the industrial revolution to his apotheosis during the Progressive Era and First World War.

Schwartz draws on a wide array of materials—painting and sculpture, popular magazines and school textbooks, newspapers and oratory—to examine the role that Lincoln's memory has played in American life. He explains, for example, how dramatic funeral rites elevated Lincoln's reputation even while funeral eulogists questioned his presidential actions, and how his reputation diminished and grew over the next four decades. Schwartz links transformations of Lincoln's image to changes in the society. Commemorating Lincoln helped Americans to think about their country's development from a rural republic to an industrial democracy and to articulate the way economic and political reform, military power, ethnic and race relations, and nationalism enhanced their conception of themselves as one people.

Lincoln's memory assumed a double aspect of "mirror" and "lamp," acting at once as a reflection of the nation's concerns and an illumination of its ideals, and Schwartz offers a fascinating view of these two functions as they were realized in the commemorative symbols of an ever-widening circle of ethnic, religious, political, and regional communities. The first part of a study that will continue through the present, Abraham Lincoln and the Forge of National Memory is the story of how America has shaped its past selectively and imaginatively around images rooted in a real person whose character and achievements helped shape his country's future.

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Two Faces of Collective Memory
1
Nineteenth Century Symbolizing Nationhood
27
Death and Commemoration
29
Promoting Lincoln in the Late Nineteenth Century Successes and Failures
67
Twentieth Century Symbolizing Industrial Democracy
105
Lincoln and the Culture of Progressivism Democratizing America
107
Lincoln a Man of the People Dignifying America
143
Twentieth Century Symbolizing Unity
189
Lincoln and the Culture of Inclusion Integrating America
191
Abraham Lincoln in World War I Strengthening America
224
Two Lincolns Symbolizing America
256
The New Face of Collective Memory Refining the Discussion
293
Notes
313
References
327
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Barry Schwartzis professor emeritus of sociology at the University of Georgia and the author of five books, including Abraham Lincoln and the Forge of National Memory, also published by the University of Chicago Press.

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