...belligerent powers * * *" The President's proclamation also stated that he had "* * * given instructions to those officers, to whom it belongs, to cause prosecutions...with respect to the powers at war, or any of them." 36 The word "neutral" or "neutrality" was not used in the President's proclamation. But everyone recognized...

...belligerent powers * * *" The President's proclamation also stated that he had "* * * given instructions to those officers, to whom it belongs, to cause prosecutions...with respect to the powers at war, or any of them." 38 The word "neutral" or "neutrality" was not used in the President's proclamation. But everyone recognized...

...countries that were at war. He added that he had instructed the appropriate officers to prosecute any persons "who shall, within the cognizance of the courts of the United States, violate the law of nations."2 It was not clear, however, whether such a proclamation could serve as the basis of a federal...

...it to have the force of a legislative enactment. He warned the citizens: "I have given instructions to those officers to whom it belongs to cause prosecutions...with respect to the powers at war, or any of them." Another precedent concerned law enforcement. In some instances it was provided by law that state and...

...officers, to whom it belongs, to caufe profecutions to be inftituted againll all perfons, who mall, within the cognizance of the courts of the United States, violate the Law of Nations, with rcfpeft to the powers at war, or any of them. IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF / bave ejiifrd the Seal of tbz United...

...they commit acts that favored one side or the other and threatening prosecution of those who should "within the cognizance of the Courts of the United States, violate the law of nations, with respects to the powers at war".2 Thomas Jefferson, a supporter of France within the cabinet, sent the...

...the United States against such punishment or forfeiture; and further, that 1 have given instructions to those officers to whom it belongs to cause prosecutions...with respect to the powers at war, or any of them. . . . PRESIDENT GEORGE WASHINGTON'S PROCLAMATIONS ON THE WHISKEY INSURRECTION 7 August; 25 September...

...within the United States, albeit in the form of giving public notice that he had "given instructions to those officers, to whom it belongs, to cause prosecutions to be instituted"— similar to directing prosecutors to prosecute common-law crimes. The proclamation was viewed at the...

..."liable to punishment or forfeiture under the law of nations." He thus instructed the proper authorities "to cause prosecutions to be instituted against all...the courts of the United States, violate the law of nations."52 Although Washington rejected Hamilton's plea to suspend the treaties with France, he believed...

...officers of the United States to cause prosecutions to be instituted against all persons who should violate the law of nations with respect to the powers at war or any other. — (p. 1 5). "At the same time the Governors of States were called upon to cause vessels to...